Bücher veröffentlicht von Springer Nature Switzerland AG

This book offers a comprehensive and complete description of a new scheme to stabilize the power of a laser on a level needed for high precision metrology experiments. The novel aspect of the scheme is sensing power fluctuations via the radiation pressure driven motion they induce on a micro-oscillator mirror. It is shown that the proposed technique can result in higher signals for power fluctuations than what is achieved by a direct power detection, and also that it enables the generation of a strong bright squeezed beam. The book starts with the basics of power stabilization and an overview on the current state of art. Then, detailed theoretical calculations are performed, and the advantages of the new scheme are highlighted. Finally, a proof-of-principle experiment is described and its results are analyzed in details. The success of the work presented here paves a way for achieving high power stability in future experiments and is of interest for high precisionmetrology experiments, like gravitational wave detectors, and optomechanical experiments.Nominated as an outstanding PhD thesis by the Gravitational Wave International Committee.

The book examines prominent literary works from the past two decades by Russian women writers dealing with the Soviet past. It explores works such as Daniel Stein, Interpreter by Ludmilla Ulitskaya, The Time of Women by Elena Chizhova, Secondhand Time: The Last of the Soviets by Svetlana Alexievich, and In Memory of Memory by Maria Stepanova, and uncovers connecting thematic structures and features. Focusing on the concepts of displacement and postmemory, the book shows how these works have given voice to those on the margins of society and of ¿great history¿ whose resistance was often silent. In doing so, these women writers portray the everyday experiences and trauma of displaced women and girls during the second half of the twentieth century. This study offers new insights into the importance of these women writers¿ work in creating and preserving cultural memory in post-Soviet Russia.

This edited volume discusses the contest and contestation between China and Taiwan for diplomatic recognition and supremacy on the African continent. Written by a diverse group of international scholars, this volume provides insight into five interlocking questions and areas: the origins of China and Taiwan¿s continent-wide competition for supremacy; China and Taiwan¿s foreign policy towards Africa during and after the Cold War; the shift in dominance from Taiwan to China; the changing allegiances of African governments; and the implications of ongoing China-Africa-Taiwan relations on the global system, especially on countries in the Global South.This book is divided into three parts. Part One deals primarily with the early history of both Chinas on the continent. Chapters in Part Two discuss the foreign policy of China and Taiwan toward the African continent. Part Three focuses on the shifting alliances and diplomatic allegiance of African countries towards the People¿s Republic of China (PRC) and the Republic of China (ROC). Filling the gap in Africa-China-Taiwan studies, this volume will be of interest to researchers and students in the social sciences especially political science, comparative politics, international relations, foreign policy, politics of developing nations, area studies, and Taiwanese/Chinese studies.

This book provides readers with the most current knowledge on hazardous waste management practices. It addresses the rapidly changing advances in waste stream characterization and the discovery of new chemicals ¿ which have led to new hazardous wastes, technological innovation, stringent environmental regulations, changes in transport and dispersion modelling of hazardous pollutants, and new waste management techniques. Hazardous Waste Management: Advances in Chemical and Industrial Waste Treatment and Technologies is an invaluable reference for waste management and treatment professionals, chemical engineers and technicians, medical professionals, and environmental regulators, as well as students taking courses on hazardous waste management, environmental engineering, and environmental science.

This book¿along with its companion volume Writing Mary I: History, Historiography, and Fiction¿centers on representations of Queen Mary I in writing, broadly construed, and the process of writing that queen into literature and other textual sources. It spans an equally wide chronological and geographical scope, accounting for the years prior to her accession in July 1553 through the centuries that followed her death in November 1558 and for her reach across England, and into Ireland, Spain, Italy, Russia, and Africa. Its intent is to foreground words and language¿written, spoken, and acted out¿and, by extension, to draw out matters of and conversations about rhetoric, imagery, methodology, source base, genre, narrative, form, and more. Taken together, these two volumes find in England¿s first crowned queen regnant an incomparable opportunity to ask new questions and seek new answers that deepen our understanding of queenship, the early modern era, and modern popular culture.

This book examines civil society's peacebuilding role in sub-Saharan Africa in the contextof climate change and the pursuit of environmental peace and justice in the Anthropocene.Five main research themes emerge from its 20 chapters:· The roles of environmental peacemaking, environmental justice, ecologicaleducation and eco-ethics in helping to mitigate the impacts of climate change· Peacebuilding by CSOs after violent conflicts, with particular reference toaccountability, reconciliation and healing· CSO involvement in democratic processes and political transition after violentconflicts· Relationships between local CSOs and their foreign funders and the interactionsbetween CSOs and the African Union's peace and security architecture.· The particular role of faith-based CSOsThe book underlines the centrality of dialogue to African peacebuilding and the indigenouswisdom and philosophies on which itis based. Such wisdom will be a key resource inconfronting the existential challenges of the Anthropocene.The book will be a significant resource for researchers, academics and policymakersconcerned with the challenge of climate change, its interactions with armed conflict and thepeacebuilding role of CSOs.· This pathbreaking book shows why peacebuilding analysis and efforts need to beurgently re-oriented towards the existential challenges of environmental peace andjustice.· It explains the emerging conceptual frameworks which are needed for this new role.· It explains the critical role that CSOs - local and international - will play inimplementing this new peacebuilding approach, with particular reference to sub-Saharan Africa.

The book presents a cross-disciplinary overview of critical issues at the intersections of biology, information, and society. Based on theories of bioinformationalism, viral modernity, the postdigital condition, and others, this book explores two inter-related questions: Which new knowledge ecologies are emerging? Which philosophies and research approaches do they require?The book argues that the 20th century focus on machinery needs to be replaced, at least partially, by a focus on a better understanding of living systems and their interactions with technology at all scales ¿ from viruses, through to human beings, to the Earth¿s ecosystem. This change of direction cannot be made by a simple relocation of focus and/or funding from one discipline to another. In our age of the Anthropocene, (human and planetary) biology cannot be thought of without (digital) technology and society. Today¿s curious bioinformational mix of blurred and messy relationships betweenphysics and biology, old and new media, humanism and posthumanism, knowledge capitalism and bio-informational capitalism defines the postdigital condition and creates new knowledge ecologies.The book presents scholarly research defining new knowledge ecologies built upon emerging forms of scientific communication, big data deluge, and opacity of algorithmic operations. Many of these developments can be approached using the concept of viral modernity, which applies to viral technologies, codes and ecosystems in information, publishing, education, and emerging knowledge (journal) systems. It is within these overlapping theories and contexts, that this book explores new bioinformational philosophies and postdigital knowledge ecologies.

Writing Plague: Language and Violence from the Black Death to COVID-19 brings a holistic and comparative perspective to ¿plague writing¿ from the later Middle Ages to the twenty-first century. It argues that while the human ¿hardware¿ has changed enormously between the medieval past and the present (urbanization, technology, mass warfare, and advances in medical science), the human ¿software¿ (emotional and psychological reactions to the shock of pandemic) has remained remarkably similar across time. Through close readings of works by medieval writers like Guillaume de Machaut, Giovanni Boccaccio, and Geoffrey Chaucer in the fourteenth century, select plays by Shakespeare, and modern ¿plague¿ fiction and film, Alfred Thomas convincingly demonstrates psychological continuities between the Black Death and COVID-19. In showing how in times of plague human beings repress their fears and fantasies and displace them onto the threatening ¿other,¿ Thomas highlights the danger of scapegoating vulnerable minority groups such as Asian Americans and Jews in today¿s America. This wide-ranging study will thus be of interest not only to medievalists but also to students of modernity as well as the general reader.

This book critically examines transitional justice in Mexico. It explores how the Mexican democratic regime dealt with the grave human rights violations perpetrated by security forces during the authoritarian era (1929-2000) through a Special Prosecutor¿s Office. It offers a complete account of the diverse factors that facilitated the emergence (and policing) of Mexico's transitional justice process. Whilst transitional justice should contribute to the advancement of liberal democracy and, consequently, generate the following benefits: truth, justice, political reconciliation, peace, this book argues that Mexico is a case of transitional injustice. It is an example of how in some societies transitional justice mechanisms are intentionally implemented in ways that, instead of generating justice, produce impunity. It makes important contributions to some of the broader debates addressed by scholars on transitional justice and gives them reason to re-examine transitional justice processes in other countries in a new light.

Over the last century, international law has sought to keep pace with sweeping changes that have revolutionised the international community. It has done so in various ways: by developing new fields, adopting new legal instruments, and including new actors and entities in the international fora. Human rights law and environmental law have emerged to address essential issues raised by civil society. Treaties, judgments and soft law instruments have attempted to fill the gaps in regulation. International organisations, corporations, civil society organisations and individuals have all worked to make and enforce, also by judicial means, legal rules. But is all this sufficient?In an effort to answer this question, the chapters of this volume explore selected emerging issues in the fields of human rights, the environment, cultural heritage and law of the sea. Can state responsibility help to protect the environment? Can protecting human rights be reconciled with national security? Can the UN Security Council address climate change? Is law of the sea still fit for purpose? And how can we balance human rights and the environment, or cultural heritage and law of the sea? The international scholars and experienced practitioners who have contributed to this volume discuss these and other key questions.Given its scope, the book will appeal to researchers and scholars of international law, as well as those specialising in human rights law, environmental law, cultural heritage law, and law of the sea.

The 2008 financial crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic have made the authorities to increasingly turn inward and use ethnocentrism, protectionism, and top-down approaches to guide policy on trade, competition, and industrial development. The continuing aftereffects of such policies range from the rise and seeming success of authoritarian states, rise of populist and protectionist trends, and evolving academic agendas inspiring the reemergence of top-down industrial policies across the world.This open access edited volume contains contributions from over 30 scholars with expertise in economics, innovation, management, and economic history. The chapters offer unique theoretical and empirical contributions discussing topics such as how industrial policies affect risk, incentives, and information for investments. They also address the policy perspectives on new technologies such as AI and its implications for market entry, the role for independent entrepreneurship in increasingly regulated markets, and whether governments should focus on market interventions or institutional capacity-building. Questioning the Entrepreneurial State initiates a much sought-after debate on the notion of an Entrepreneurial State. It discusses the dangers of top-down approaches to industrial policy, examines lessons from such approaches for future policy design, and calls attention to the progress of open and contestable markets in a sound economy and society. "Creative destruction, innovation and entrepreneurship are at the core of economic growth. The government has a clear role, to provide the basic fabric of a dynamic society, but industrial policy and state-owned companies are the boulevard of broken dreams and unrealized visions. This important message is convincingly stated in Questioning the Entrepreneurial State."Anders Borg, former Minister of Finance, Sweden"Misreading the dynamism of American entrepreneurship, European intellectuals and policy makers have embraced a dangerous fantasy: catching up requires constructing an entrepreneurial state. This book provides a vital antidote: The entrepreneur comes first: The state may support. It cannot lead."Amar Bhidé, Thomas Schmidheiny Professor of International Business, Tufts University "This important new book subjects the emergence of the entrepreneurial state, which reflects a shift in the locus of entrepreneurship from the individual to the public sector, to the scrutiny of rigorous analysis. The resulting concerns, flaws and biases inherent in the entrepreneurial state exposed are both alarming and sobering. The skill and scholarly craftsmanship brought to bear in this crucial analysis is evident throughout the book, along with the even, but ultimately consequential thinking of the authors. A must read for researchers and thought leaders in business and policy."David Audtretsch, Distinguished Professor, Ameritech Chair of Economic Development, Indiana University

The 2008 financial crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic have made the authorities to increasingly turn inward and use ethnocentrism, protectionism, and top-down approaches to guide policy on trade, competition, and industrial development. The continuing aftereffects of such policies range from the rise and seeming success of authoritarian states, rise of populist and protectionist trends, and evolving academic agendas inspiring the reemergence of top-down industrial policies across the world.This open access edited volume contains contributions from over 30 scholars with expertise in economics, innovation, management, and economic history. The chapters offer unique theoretical and empirical contributions discussing topics such as how industrial policies affect risk, incentives, and information for investments. They also address the policy perspectives on new technologies such as AI and its implications for market entry, the role for independent entrepreneurship in increasingly regulated markets, and whether governments should focus on market interventions or institutional capacity-building. Questioning the Entrepreneurial State initiates a much sought-after debate on the notion of an Entrepreneurial State. It discusses the dangers of top-down approaches to industrial policy, examines lessons from such approaches for future policy design, and calls attention to the progress of open and contestable markets in a sound economy and society. "Creative destruction, innovation and entrepreneurship are at the core of economic growth. The government has a clear role, to provide the basic fabric of a dynamic society, but industrial policy and state-owned companies are the boulevard of broken dreams and unrealized visions. This important message is convincingly stated in Questioning the Entrepreneurial State."Anders Borg, former Minister of Finance, Sweden"Misreading the dynamism of American entrepreneurship, European intellectuals and policy makers have embraced a dangerous fantasy: catching up requires constructing an entrepreneurial state. This book provides a vital antidote: The entrepreneur comes first: The state may support. It cannot lead."Amar Bhidé, Thomas Schmidheiny Professor of International Business, Tufts University "This important new book subjects the emergence of the entrepreneurial state, which reflects a shift in the locus of entrepreneurship from the individual to the public sector, to the scrutiny of rigorous analysis. The resulting concerns, flaws and biases inherent in the entrepreneurial state exposed are both alarming and sobering. The skill and scholarly craftsmanship brought to bear in this crucial analysis is evident throughout the book, along with the even, but ultimately consequential thinking of the authors. A must read for researchers and thought leaders in business and policy."David Audtretsch, Distinguished Professor, Ameritech Chair of Economic Development, Indiana University

This book comprehensively covers the state-of-the-art security applications of machine learning techniques. The first part explains the emerging solutions for anti-tamper design, IC Counterfeits detection and hardware Trojan identification. It also explains the latest development of deep-learning-based modeling attacks on physically unclonable functions and outlines the design principles of more resilient PUF architectures. The second discusses the use of machine learning to mitigate the risks of security attacks on cyber-physical systems, with a particular focus on power plants. The third part provides an in-depth insight into the principles of malware analysis in embedded systems and describes how the usage of supervised learning techniques provides an effective approach to tackle software vulnerabilities.

This book offers a summary of research on the biomechanics of fracture fixation and mechanobiology of fracture healing. The author, a known expert, provides an overview of the state of art, his own research together with that of his co-workers and collaborators; he describes the ideas and findings from the beginning of this research field in the 1960s up to the clinical consequences and applications of today. The book discusses the mechanobiology of fracture healing, illustrates the numerical methods that simulate fracture healing processes, and depicts specific research methods of experimental studies. Finally, it provides conclusions for the improvement of fracture treatment that will be of use in clinical applications nowadays. This book will be a valuable resource of knowledge for students and scientists in the field of bioengineering, experimental biology, and biomechanics, helping them to identify the correct conditions and analysis for their respectiveresearch and receive an understanding of the research field from its beginning until today. For experimental and clinical surgeons active in the field of fracture healing, this book will provide a useful historical overview over this translational research field.

Superfoods have come to the forefront of the public imagination due to a combination of presumed health benefits and cultural mystique. Much of the literature on these foods, however, is based upon rostrums and diet plans that accept the health claims of superfoods without subjecting them to rigorous scrutiny.Superfoods: Cultural and Scientific Perspectives examines these food products from a blended science and cultural viewpoint, presenting a balanced, evidence-based view of each food item. Following a discussion of ¿superfoods¿ as a category, the book¿s chapters examine individual superfoods, including but not limited to: avocados, chocolate, wine, berries, and fish oil.Presented in a systemic manner, each chapter provides a cultural history of the superfood; a survey of the current state of nutritional research on the food and its health claims; an exploration of related science topics to enhance understanding of the superfood, (i.e., a survey of the botany, biology, or chemistry studies); social issues associated with the superfood, such as sustainability, environmental health concerns, agricultural issues, fair trade and marketing issues; and one to three recipes featuring the superfood. This combination of scientific and cultural perspectives makes Superfoods an invaluable reference for academics, industry professionals, and lay-readers alike.

This book presents a framework for developing as well as a comprehensive collection of state-of-the-art process querying methods. Process querying combines concepts from Big Data and Process Modeling and Analysis with Business Process Intelligence and Process Analytics to study techniques for retrieving and manipulating models of real-world and envisioned processes to organize and extract process-related information for subsequent systematic use.The book comprises sixteen contributed chapters distributed over four parts and two auxiliary chapters. The auxiliary chapters by the editor provide an introduction to the area of process querying and a summary of the presented methods, techniques, and applications for process querying. The introductory chapter also examines a process querying framework. The contributed chapters present various process querying methods, including discussions on how they instantiate the framework components, thus supporting the comparison of themethods. The four parts are due to the distinctive features of the methods they include. The first three are devoted to querying event logs generated by IT-systems that support business processes at organizations, querying process designs captured in process models, and methods that address querying both event logs and process models. The methods in these three parts usually define a language for specifying process queries. The fourth part discusses methods that operate over inputs other than event logs and process models, e.g., streams of process events, or do not develop dedicated languages for specifying queries, e.g., methods for assessing process model similarity.This book is mainly intended for researchers. All the chapters in this book are contributed by active researchers in the research disciplines of business process management, process mining, and process querying. They describe state-of-the-art methods for process querying, discuss use cases of process querying, and suggest directions for future work for advancing the field. Yet, also other groups like business or data scientists and other professionals, lecturers, graduate students, and tool vendors will find relevant information for their distinctive needs.Chapter "Celonis PQL: A Query Language for Process Mining" is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

This volume addresses economic challenges and policy reforms in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. Despite important resources and strategic advantages, the region suffers from a number of economic, social, and political problems that impedes normal economic take-off. The volume contains theoretical and empirical studies covering individual countries and panel studies addressing these economic challenges. Chapters address issues such as economic growth; poverty and inequality; subsidies and public finances policies; external trade and financial liberalization; remittances,corruption, transparency, and institutions; renewable energy, digitalization, terrorism, regional integration, capital flight,money laundering, financial development and brain drain. Providing a comprehensive understanding of the most important and urgent economic challenges in the region, this volume will be a useful reference for researchers and policymakers interested in the MENA region.