Bücher von Alfredo Lopez

Literature Review from the year 2016 in the subject Sociology - War and Peace, Military, grade: 7, UNITEC New Zealand, language: English, abstract: This literature review focuses on the current situation of Colombian refugees in the world.In summary, this literature review describes the current situation of Colombian refugee in the world by responding to the question: what is the current situation of the Colombian refugees in the world? Firstly, the review shows the dangerous situation of displaced people before escaping from Colombia. Secondly, the literature review describes the terrible situation faced by Colombian refugees after escaping from Colombia. Thirdly, the situation of Colombian refugees in developing countries is compared with the situation of Colombian refugees in industrialized countries.The civil war that Colombia has faced for more than 60 years has left terrible consequences in the country, part of which will be described in this literature review.

Essay from the year 2016 in the subject Sociology - Communication, grade: B+, UNITEC New Zealand, language: English, abstract: This essay will demonstrate the role of collaborative teams for the successful planning and execution of projects.Nowadays most companies around the globe implement projects to achieve their business goals. To achieve those successful business projects, however, it is necessary to have teams in the company. In the United States, for example, the majority of companies are using teams in their projects, regardless of whether the organisation is small or large. Furthermore, some surveys and researches have shown that the most important organisations in America are implementing the use of teams, for this reason it is common that 50 per cent of their workers are part of a team. The complexity and scale of some business projects requires to be executed by qualified personnel who need to form a team that can be able to successfully run these projects.On the other hand, the simple fact of having a team does not automatically guarantee the success of the project, there are many factors to take into account to achieve success, which is why it is essential to have a collaborative team.

Essay from the year 2016 in the subject Communications - Intercultural Communication, grade: 7, UNITEC New Zealand, language: English, abstract: Colombia and Ecuador are two brotherly countries of South America, which share the same colours on their flags, like shields and the same political liberator Simon Bolivar, and the two countries face a very complex problem: Intercultural communication issues created by the refugee crisis. The problem of violence that Colombia has faced for over fifty years by illegal armed groups and the national army forces, has led to thousands of deaths, most of whom were not participants of the conflict plaguing this undeveloped South American country.

Essay from the year 2018 in the subject Politics - International Politics - Topic: Development Politics, grade: 5, Massey University, New Zealand, language: English, abstract: Venezuela is one of the countries where many people are suffering from hunger and extreme poverty. This essay aims to describe how the first two goals of the SDGs agenda, such as ending poverty and ending hunger, are not succeeding in Venezuela. Therefore, this essay explains the situation in Venezuela with respect to poverty and hunger; it also demonstrates the reasons for this issue. Finally, the essay shows potential solutions to eradicate extreme poverty and hunger in Venezuela with the aim of achieving the targets of the SDGs agenda by 2030.Nowadays, extreme poverty is a problem that affects more than 767 million people around the world; these people have to survive with less than $ 1.90 dollars a day. In turn, extreme poverty brings hunger and health issues because people living in poverty lack the necessary resources to buy food and eat healthily, as a result, their health deteriorates. For this reason, in order to combat extreme poverty and hunger worldwide, the United Nation and its members adopted the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) for 2016-2030 in 2015.The SDGs is an international plan or agenda that has 17 goals, which are expected to be achieved by the year 2030. Those 17 goals are focused on 1) ending poverty, 2) ending hunger, 3) health and well-being, 4) quality education, 5) gender equality, 6) clean water and sanitation, 7) affordable and clean energy, 8) work and economic growth, 9) industry, innovation and infrastructure, 10) reducing inequalities, 11) sustainable cities and communities, 12) responsible consumption and production, 13) climate action, 14) life below water, 15) life on land, 16) peace and justice, 17) partnerships for the goals.

Essay from the year 2018 in the subject Politics - International Politics - Topic: Development Politics, grade: 2,3, Massey University, New Zealand, language: English, abstract: The essay describes three important aspects of development: development theories that have not contributed to the international development, other concepts about development and benefits and drawbacks of modern development. Finally, a summary of this essay is presented.Despite all the existing development discourses and although hundreds of institutions work for the development of the third world, it has not been possible to free vulnerable people from poverty, hunger, unemployment and social inequality. In fact, Escobar, suggests that discourses of development serve as a mechanism of intervention and domination of the third world. Thus, this essay responds to the next question: are the discourses of development a mechanism of power and control used by the first world to keep their domination over the third world?

Master's Thesis from the year 2018 in the subject Sociology - Political Sociology, Majorities, Minorities, , course: Master of International Communication, language: English, abstract: This research focuses on Colombian refugees and their resettlement and integration stories in New Zealand. According to New Zealand Immigration, Colombian refugees have been arriving in the country since 2007. By the end of July 2016, New Zealand had 809 Colombian refugees resettled from Ecuador where they were recognised as urban refugees by the Ecuadorian government. An urban refugee is a refugee who lives in an urban area rather than in a refugee camp. It is important to note that in Ecuador there are no refugee camps. Therefore, all refugees in Ecuador are considered as urban refugees. Thousands of Colombians have fled from Colombia to Ecuador because of the armed conflict that the country has faced for almost six decades. Once recognised as refugees in Ecuador, the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees makes the recommendation or referral of some refugees to the New Zealand government, for them to be resettled in New Zealand. This research collected the experiences of 13 Colombian refugees in their process of resettlement and integration in New Zealand. The study used a qualitative methodological approach of an oral history methodology (ethnographic- a collection of oral stories). As data collection methods, I have used oral history interviews, a focus group and participants' personal diaries.

Essay from the year 2015 in the subject Computer Science - Miscellaneous, UNITEC New Zealand, language: English, abstract: Nowadays the use of computers is increasing more and more. This has allowed the development of the internet. In turn, the Internet has brought many benefits, but the internet has also contributed to the rise of cyber-crime. So, with the rise of cybercrime, it has become critical to increase and develop computer systems security.Each time, the techniques used by cybercriminals are more sophisticated, making it more difficult to protect corporate networks. Because of this, the computer security of these companies has been violated, and it is here at this point when digital analysis forensic is needed to discover cybercriminals.So, with the rise of cybercrime, digital forensics is increasingly gaining importance in the area of information technology. For this reason, when a crime is done, the crime information is stored digitally. Therefore, it must use appropriate mechanisms for the collection, preservation, protection, analysis and presentation of digital evidence stored in electronic devices. It is here that the need arises for digital forensics.In this report, I am going to explain what digital forensics is. Also, I will describe some forensic software and hardware and the importance of suitable forensic labs. So, let¿s start.

Essay from the year 2018 in the subject Politics - Basics and General, grade: 5, Massey University, New Zealand, language: English, abstract: How may the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals lead to equality and justice for all? And can the success of the Sustainable Development Goals be determined through its indicators? This essay focuses on responding to these two questions.On 18 September 2000, the United Nations and its General Assembly adopted the Millennium Development Goals. This project was launched with the objective of contributing to the development of the poorest countries in terms of eradicating extreme hunger, poverty and facilitate access to education. Also, it aimed to promote gender equality and health for all. In order to achieve its purpose by 2015, the Millennium Development Goals were distributed in eight goals, 18 targets and 48 indicators.However, by the end of 2015 and until now, millions of people living in developing countries continue facing hunger, extreme poverty, lack of education and health support; which could indicate that the Millennium Development Goals did not achieve its objectives completely. For this reason, in September 2015, the General Assembly of the United Nations adopted a new international development project named the Sustainable Development Goals, with the aim of promoting the sustainable development of all the countries in the world and the deadline is 2030.The Sustainable Development Goals are wider than the Millennium Development Goals. For example, with the aim of promoting and achieving equality and justice for all the Sustainable Development Goals have allocated 17 goals, 169 targets and 230 indicators.

Master's Thesis from the year 2020 in the subject Sociology - Individual, Groups, Society, grade: B, Massey University, New Zealand, course: Master of International Development, language: English, abstract: This research report focuses on exploring how the media describes the level of poverty among Venezuelan refugees in Colombia.Very little research has been conducted on the poverty experienced by Venezuelan refugees in Colombia. Thus, the purpose of this research is to explore how the media (newspapers) describe the level of poverty and living conditions of Venezuelan refugees in Colombia. This study also aims to explore what the media report about the support given by Colombia to Venezuelan refugees. Furthermore, the research report investigates how the media describe the socio-economic situation of the Venezuelan refugees in Colombia and how poverty impacts their living conditions.The media analysed in this research report suggest that according to the media newly arrived Venezuelan refugees in Colombia face extreme poverty. But the media also suggest that over time these people can improve their living conditions. However, in the process of adaptation in Colombia, these refugees face the economic poverty of Colombia, unemployment, discrimination, health problems and violence experienced by Colombia for 60 years. The media describe these issues as factors that impact the living conditions of these people in Colombia.

Research Paper (postgraduate) from the year 2018 in the subject Sociology - Individual, Groups, Society, grade: B, Massey University, New Zealand, course: Master of International Development, language: English, abstract: This research is divided into two main parts. Part one aims to describe what research has been conducted about the current situation of refugees in the world. To achieve this aims the review explains why there are refugees in the world and where refugees came from. Moreover, address the following questions: What is the situation in refugee camps? What is the situation of refugees living in urban areas? What are the durable solutions offered to refugees by the United Nations High commissioner for Refugee? (UNHCR) Finally, part one concludes with a description of the situation of refugees in resettlement countries and a summary. Part two aims to explore the current situation of refugees in New Zealand. To accomplish this second objective, the review aims to address the next four questions: How refugees are prepared for resettlement in New Zealand? What are the challenges faced by refugees when resettling in New Zealand? What role does reconciliation play in the process of integration in New Zealand? And how do refugees resign themselves to integrate in New Zealand in order to rebuild their lives and survive? Finally, this research concludes with related findings and a summary.

Sistemas que se conectam através de múltiplas ligações de hidrogênio são de importância central em processos de reconhecimento molecular em biologia e estão cada vez mais sendo empregados em química supramolecular, especificamente em processos de auto-montagem molecular. No presente estudo, conduziu-se uma investigação dos efeitos causados por diferentes substituintes na estrutura eletrônica e, consequentemente, na magnitude das ligações de hidrogênio intermoleculares em sistemas tipo AAA-DDD. Os efeitos dos substituintes foram investigados empregando-se duas análises topológicas, a Função de Localização de Elétrons e a Teoria Quântica dos Átomos em Moléculas (ELF e QTAIM, respectivamente), e duas análises energéticas, uma baseada na decomposição da energia de interação intermolecular, Su-Li EDA, e a outra no formalismo dos Orbitais Naturais de Ligação, NBO, além da observação das variações em parâmetros geométricos das LHs ocasionados pela substituição. A análise e as correlações apontadas pelos diversos descritores utilizados possibilitaram uma compreensão muito profunda a respeito dos fenômenos quânticos envolvidos no estabelecimento dessas interações químicas.