Bücher von Andrew Barron

Basic oxygen steelmaking (BOS) dust and blast furnace (BF) dust from former and currently operating steelmaking facilities in the United Kingdom have been characterized by MP-AES, SEM-EDX, particle size analysis, TGA-DSC, combustion analysis, and powder XRD. As part of a circular economy these materials are a potentially valuable raw material source for ironmaking, but their contamination with zinc precludes their recycling via the conventional sinter plant/BF route. X-ray diffraction suggested some of the zinc present in the material is in the form of sub-stoichiometric zinc ferrites, making hydrometallurgical separation less effective. BF dust contains 40 wt.% levels of fixed carbon indicating it could be useful as an alternative reductant in rotary hearth furnace processes such as FASTMET. The rotary hearth furnace appears to be the most suited separation technique available due to its lack of sensitivity to zinc present in zinc ferrite compounds, and reintegration of the recovered iron into the steelmaking process. Benchmarking of material from Port Talbot material processed in laboratory furnace trials under conditions mimicking the RHF showed that while volatile metal removal and iron reduction performance is adequate for recycling at realistic RHF temperatures and hold times, the high sulfur and gangue content mean the produced DRI would not be valuable enough to offset production costs.

Leonardo da Vinci's quote that "simplicity is the ultimate sophistication" is possibly the most appropriate description of organometallic catalysis. Whereas organic chemistry is exemplified by hundreds of different reactions (many egotistically named after those who discovered them) transition metal inorganic and organometallic compounds only undergo eight metal centered reactions, of which, four are the reverse (equilibrium) reactions of four others, thus limiting further the possible reactions, that need to be considered in transition metal inorganic and organometallic chemistry, to just four: ligand association/ligand dissociation, ligand insertion/ligand elimination, oxidative addition/reductive elimination, and electron transfer (redox). This makes understanding and prediction of catalytic cycles simple, since any overall reaction must be a combination of these reactions. For added simplicity, electron transfer is a reaction more associated with metal containing biological catalyst pathways rather than organometallic catalysis. Given the limited potential reactions available to organometallic transition metal compounds it should be possible to develop a simple approach to the prediction and rationalization of any catalytic reaction in which they act as the catalysts or catalyst precursor (pro-catalyst).

The intention of this text is not to provide a comprehensive reference to all aspects of semiconductor device fabrication. After all there are myriad books already on that subject by authors more expert than I. Nor is it intended to be a review of 'research results' that, irrespective of their promise, have not been adopted into mainstream production. In this case there are enough academics touting their own results with promises of 'saving the planet'. Instead it is aimed to provide a useful reference for those interested in the chemical aspects of the electronics industry.

This Series intended as a survey of research techniques used in modern chemistry, materials science, and nanoscience. The topics are grouped into volumes, not be method per se, but with regard to the type of information that can be obtained. Thus, the Volumes are ordered as follows: 1) Elemental composition; 2) Physical and thermal analysis; 3) Chromatography; 4) Chemical speciation; 5) Molecular and solid state structure; 6) Surface morphology and structure at the nanoscale; 7) Device performance; 8) Applications of analytical methods.

This Series intended as a survey of research techniques used in modern chemistry, materials science, and nanoscience. The topics are grouped into volumes, not be method per se, but with regard to the type of information that can be obtained. Thus, the Volumes are ordered as follows: 1) Elemental composition; 2) Physical and thermal analysis; 3) Chromatography; 4) Chemical speciation; 5) Molecular and solid state structure; 6) Surface morphology and structure at the nanoscale; 7) Device performance; 8) Applications of analytical methods.

This Series intended as a survey of research techniques used in modern chemistry, materials science, and nanoscience. The topics are grouped into volumes, not be method per se, but with regard to the type of information that can be obtained. Thus, the Volumes are ordered as follows: 1) Elemental composition; 2) Physical and thermal analysis; 3) Chromatography; 4) Chemical speciation; 5) Molecular and solid state structure; 6) Surface morphology and structure at the nanoscale; 7) Device performance; 8) Applications of analytical methods.

This Series intended as a survey of research techniques used in modern chemistry, materials science, and nanoscience. The topics are grouped into volumes, not be method per se, but with regard to the type of information that can be obtained. Thus, the Volumes are ordered as follows: 1) Elemental composition; 2) Physical and thermal analysis; 3) Chromatography; 4) Chemical speciation; 5) Molecular and solid state structure; 6) Surface morphology and structure at the nanoscale; 7) Device performance; 8) Applications of analytical methods.

This Series intended as a survey of research techniques used in modern chemistry, materials science, and nanoscience. The topics are grouped into volumes, not be method per se, but with regard to the type of information that can be obtained. Thus, the Volumes are ordered as follows: 1) Elemental composition; 2) Physical and thermal analysis; 3) Chromatography; 4) Chemical speciation; 5) Molecular and solid state structure; 6) Surface morphology and structure at the nanoscale; 7) Device performance; 8) Applications of analytical methods.

This Series intended as a survey of research techniques used in modern chemistry, materials science, and nanoscience. The topics are grouped into volumes, not be method per se, but with regard to the type of information that can be obtained. Thus, the Volumes are ordered as follows: 1) Elemental composition; 2) Physical and thermal analysis; 3) Chromatography; 4) Chemical speciation; 5) Molecular and solid state structure; 6) Surface morphology and structure at the nanoscale; 7) Device performance; 8) Applications of analytical methods.

This Series intended as a survey of research techniques used in modern chemistry, materials science, and nanoscience. The topics are grouped into volumes, not be method per se, but with regard to the type of information that can be obtained. Thus, the Volumes are ordered as follows: 1) Elemental composition; 2) Physical and thermal analysis; 3) Chromatography; 4) Chemical speciation; 5) Molecular and solid state structure; 6) Surface morphology and structure at the nanoscale; 7) Device performance; 8) Applications of analytical methods.

This Series intended as a survey of research techniques used in modern chemistry, materials science, and nanoscience. The topics are grouped into volumes, not be method per se, but with regard to the type of information that can be obtained. Thus, the Volumes are ordered as follows: 1) Elemental composition; 2) Physical and thermal analysis; 3) Chromatography; 4) Chemical speciation; 5) Molecular and solid state structure; 6) Surface morphology and structure at the nanoscale; 7) Device performance; 8) Applications of analytical methods.

The main group elements represent the most prevalent elements in the Earth's crust, as well as most of the key elements of life, and have enormous industrial, economic, and environmental importance. In this regard an understanding of the chemistry of the main group elements is vital for students within science, engineering, and medicine; however, it is hoped that those who make political and economic decisions would make better ones (or at least more responsible ones) if they had a fraction of the knowledge of the world around them.