Bücher von Arne Meier

This LNCS conference volume constitutes the proceedings of the 13th International Symposium, FoIKS 2024, in Sheffield, UK, in April 2024. The 18 full papers together with 3 short papers included in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 42 submissions.The Symposium focuses on fundamental aspect of information and knowledge systems, including submissions that apply ideas, theories, or methods from specific disciplines to information and knowledge systems. Examples of such disciplines are discrete mathematics, logic and algebra, model theory, databases, information theory, complexity theory, algorithmics and computation, statistics, and optimization.

The automatic verification of computer programs is an important step in software engineering. In this regard temporal logics have been invented as an extension of modal logic which itself is an extension of propositional logic. Therefore, one may call them \emph{modal logic variants}.The first part of this thesis will investigate the two temporal logics CTL and CTL* with respect to their model-checking and satisfiability problem. We will analyze the complexity of fragments of these problems by means of operator and Boolean function restrictions. There we will see for the satisfiability problem, how the operator fragments form a trichotomy and the Boolean fragments form a quartering. The model-checking problem for CTL is divided into three types: monotone, atomic negation, and positive fragments. Surprisingly, we will see that these three fragments are computationally equivalent. Furthermore, several prominent extensions of CTL will be visited and classified with respect to their Boolean and operator fragments.In the second part we will concentrate on description logics which are modal logic extensions settled in the area of semantic web, databases, and artificial intelligence. These types of logics are used to express, and work on, large sets of data. Besides the usual satisfiability problems, we will work with some special kind of implication problem, which is called subsumption. We will see that these logics combine two very strong Boolean concepts, namely implication and conjunction, such that restricting large sets of Boolean functions do not reduce the complexity of the problems significantly.

Dieses Lehrbuch, entstanden aus einer Anfängervorlesung aus dem Informatik-Studiengang an der Leibniz Universität Hannover, bietet einen ersten Einstieg in den Bereich der Komplexitätstheorie.Der Leser wird mit den wichtigsten Begriffen und Resultaten aus diesem Bereich vertraut gemacht: Komplexitätsklassen, vollständige ("schwierigste") Probleme in einer Komplexitätsklasse - detailliert am Begriff der NP-Vollständigkeit und an vielen Beispielen ausgeführt - sowie Approximationsalgorithmen als Lösungsmöglichkeit für viele NP-vollständige Probleme.Außerdem enthält das Buch eine große Anzahl an Übungsaufgaben (mit vielen Lösungen) wie auch abschließend die Möglichkeit, sein erarbeitetes Wissen in zwei exemplarischen Klausuren zu prüfen.