Bücher von Augustus De Morgan

1910. Augustus De Morgan was an important innovator in the field of logic. In addition, he made many contributions to the field of mathematics and the chronicling of the history of mathematics. He writes in the Preface that his object has been to notice particularly several points in the principles of algebra and geometry, which have not obtained their due importance in our elementary works on these sciences. Contents: On Arithmetical Notation; Elementary Rules of Arithmetic; Arithmetical Fractions; Decimal Fractions; Algebraical Notation and Principles; Elementary Rules of Algebra; Equations of the First Degree; On the Negative Sign, etc.; Equations of the Second Degree; On Roots in General, and Logarithms; On the Study of Algebra; On the Definitions of Geometry; On Geometrical Reasoning; On Axioms; On Proportion; and Application of Algebra to the Measurement of Lines, Angles, Proportion of Figures and Surfaces. See other titles by this author available from Kessinger Publishing.

One of the key works on the development of logic, de Morgan's work forms the bridge between the researches of Hamilton and Boole. His greatest contribution to scientific knowledge undoubtedly lay in his logical researches; and the subsequent development of symbolic logic, with its powerful influences on both philosophy and technology, owes much to his fundamental work. Augustus de Morgan (1806 - 1871) was awarded the position of first Professor of Mathematics at University College in London in 1828. He founded the London Mathematical Society and was its first president.

From the end of antiquity to the middle of the nineteenth century it was generally believed that Aristotle had said all that there was to say concerning the rules of logic and inference. One of the ablest British mathematicians of his age, Augustus De Morgan (1806-71) played an important role in overturning that assumption with the publication of this book in 1847. He attempts to do several things with what we now see as varying degrees of success. The first is to treat logic as a branch of mathematics, more specifically as algebra. Here his contributions include his laws of complementation and the notion of a universe set. De Morgan also tries to tie together formal and probabilistic inference. Although he is never less than acute, the major advances in probability and statistics at the beginning of the twentieth century make this part of the book rather less prophetic.

In the preface to this work, mathematician Augustus De Morgan (1806-71) claims that 'The most worthless book of a bygone day is a record worthy of preservation.' His purpose in writing this catalogue, published in 1847, was to provide an accurate record of the early history of publishing on arithmetic, but describing only those books which he had examined himself. He surveyed the library of the Royal Society, works in the British Museum, the wares of specialist booksellers, and the private collections of himself and his friends to compile a chronological list of books from 1491 to 1846 (the final book being a work of his own), giving bibliographical details, a description of the contents, and sometimes comments on the mathematics on display. De Morgan's Formal Logic and a Memoir of Augustus De Morgan by his widow are also reissued in the Cambridge Library Collection.

An important figure in mathematical logic and abstract algebra, Augustus De Morgan (1806-71) also wrote wittily on paradoxical and illogical thinking through time. Edited by his widow and published in 1872, this entertaining work parades all varieties of crackpot, from circle-squarers to inventors of perpetual motion machines.