Bücher von Dieter Hoffmann

Am Ende des Zweiten Weltkriegs internierten alliierte Spezialkräfte im Rahmen der "Operation Epsilon" einige der wichtigsten Atomforscher Deutschlands auf einem Landsitz des britischen Geheimdienstes namens "Farm Hall" bei Cambridge. Dort wurden sie sechs Monate festgehalten und systematisch abgehört, um den deutschen Wissensstand zum Bau der Atombombe herauszufinden. Die nun erstmals vollständig in deutscher Sprache veröffentlichten Protokolle dieser Abhöraktion geben Aufschluss über den Stand der Kernforschung im Dritten Reich und erlauben einzigartige Einblicke in die Biografien der zehn prominenten Atomforscher, unter denen sich neben den beiden Nobelpreisträgern Werner Heisenberg und Max von Laue auch Walther Gerlach, Paul Harteck und Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker befanden. Bemerkenswert sind die Vorgänge um die Vergabe des Nobelpreises für Chemie an Otto Hahn im November 1945, der ebenfalls zu den zehn Internierten gehörte und sich dazu aus Gründen der Geheimhaltung nicht äußern durfte - erst ein Jahr später konnte er die Ehrung entgegennehmen. Das Protokoll zu den ersten Atombombenabwürfen vom 6. und 9. August 1945 zeigt den Erkenntnisstand der zehn "guests of His Majesty" zur Konstruktion und Funktionsweise einer Atombombe, vor allem aber ist es Dokument höchst ambivalenter Diskussionen über eine die Welt verändernde Innovation. Die Wissenschaft hatte damit endgültig ihre Unschuld verloren, wofür sich vor allem der Entdecker der Kernspaltung Otto Hahn mitverantwortlich fühlte. Diese bis in die heutige Zeit wirkende Debatte begann in Farm Hall und wird in den vorliegenden Protokollen detailliert dokumentiert.gnt-verlag.de/1111

This volume, occasioned by the centenary of the Fritz Haber Institute, formerly the Institute for Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, covers the institute's scientific and institutional history from its founding until the present. The institute was among the earliest established by the Kaiser Wilhelm Society, and its inauguration was one of the first steps in the development of Berlin-Dahlem into a center for scientific research. Its establishment was made possible by an endowment from Leopold Koppel, granted on the condition that Fritz Haber, well-known for his discovery of a method to synthesize ammonia from its elements, be made its director. The history of the institute has largely paralleled that of 20th-century Germany. It undertook controversial weapons research during World War I, followed by a "e;Golden Era"e; during the 1920s, in spite of financial hardships. Under the National Socialists it experienced a purge of its scientific staff and a diversion of its research into the service of the new regime, accompanied by a breakdown in its international relations. In the immediate aftermath of World War II it suffered crippling material losses, from which it recovered slowly in the post-war era. In 1953, shortly after taking the name of its founding director, the institute joined the fledgling Max Planck Society. During the 1950s and 60s, the institute supported diverse researches into the structure ofmatter and electron microscopy in a territorially insular and politically precarious West-Berlin. In subsequent decades, as both Berlin and the Max Planck Society underwent significant changes, the institute reorganized around a board of coequal scientific directors and a renewed focus on the investigation of elementary processes on surfaces and interfaces, topics of research that had been central to the work of Fritz Haber and the first "e;Golden Era"e; of the institute.

This volume, occasioned by the centenary of the Fritz Haber Institute, formerly the Institute for Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, covers the institute's scientific and institutional history from its founding until the present. The institute was among the earliest established by the Kaiser Wilhelm Society, and its inauguration was one of the first steps in the development of Berlin-Dahlem into a center for scientific research. Its establishment was made possible by an endowment from Leopold Koppel, granted on the condition that Fritz Haber, well-known for his discovery of a method to synthesize ammonia from its elements, be made its director. The history of the institute has largely paralleled that of 20th-century Germany. It undertook controversial weapons research during World War I, followed by a "e;Golden Era"e; during the 1920s, in spite of financial hardships. Under the National Socialists it experienced a purge of its scientific staff and a diversion of its research into the service of the new regime, accompanied by a breakdown in its international relations. In the immediate aftermath of World War II it suffered crippling material losses, from which it recovered slowly in the post-war era. In 1953, shortly after taking the name of its founding director, the institute joined the fledgling Max Planck Society. During the 1950s and 60s, the institute supported diverse researches into the structure of matter and electron microscopy in a territorially insular and politically precarious West-Berlin. In subsequent decades, as both Berlin and the Max Planck Society underwent significant changes, the institute reorganized around a board of coequal scientific directors and a renewed focus on the investigation of elementary processes on surfaces and interfaces, topics of research that had been central to the work of Fritz Haber and the first "e;Golden Era"e; of the institute.

This book offers a balanced presentation of Optimization, focusing on theory and including algorithms and real-world examples. Detailed examples and counter-examples are provided - with exercises, solutions and helpful hints, and Matlab/Maple supplements.