Bücher von Georgios Zekos

Arbitration began as an extrajudicial mechanism for resolving disputes. The functions of arbitration as a private, flexible, effective, and independent process fuelled its recognition.. Arbitrators represented unwanted competition for common-law judges, whose compensation was tied in part to court fees. Judges as a result had strong incentives to increase their jurisdiction. Arbitration has been emerged as an independent dispute mechanism but judges have managed to gain the first role in dispute settlement to the detriment of arbitration as a self-contained mechanism. The establishment of a National Authority Management Arbitration (NAMA) and an appellate arbitral tribunal for review of awards without any intervention from courts in ad hoc commercial/maritime and institutional arbitrations will create a fully independent, alternative and co-equal to courts dispute mechanism and consequently two parallel civil law dispute systems will exist keeping their own advantages. The present work is useful to Lawyers, Economists, Researchers and Graduate and Post-graduate Students.

The digital economy is central part of transformation based on the diligence of cyberspace-based technologies. MNEs play a crucial role in global economy, linking rich and poor economies, and transmitting capital, knowledge, ideas and value systems across borders and so interacting with institutions, organizations and individuals MNEs cause positive and negative spillovers for stakeholders in host countries. FDI is a source of private external finance to the host economy contributing to the state¿s capital formation in the form of corporate tax revenues, permitting transfer of technology and innovation and so tolerating the host economy to catch up with technological and managerial enhancements absorbed by the rest of the economy for fuller productivity influence. IPRs granted by patents, copyrights, trademarks, etc., perform a significant role in promoting innovation and sustaining economic growth by allowing their holders to keep out, for a limited amount of time, other parties from the remuneration arising from new knowledge and from the commercial use of innovative products and developments based on that new knowledge.

Gospodarka cyfrowa jest centralnym elementem transformacji opartej na staranno¿ci technologii opartych na cyberprzestrzeni. Przedsi¿biorstwa wielonarodowe odgrywaj¿ kluczow¿ rol¿ w gospodarce ¿wiatowej, ¿¿cz¿c bogate i biedne gospodarki i przekazuj¿c kapitä, wiedz¿, pomys¿y i systemy warto¿ci ponad granicami, a zatem wspó¿dziäanie z instytucjami, organizacjami i osobami fizycznymi powoduje pozytywne i negatywne skutki uboczne dla zainteresowanych stron w krajach przyjmuj¿cych. BIZ stanowi¿ ¿ród¿o prywatnego finansowania zewn¿trznego dla gospodarki kraju przyjmuj¿cego, przyczyniaj¿c si¿ do tworzenia kapitäu pästwa w formie dochodów z podatku dochodowego od osób prawnych, pozwalaj¿c na transfer technologii i innowacji, a tym samym pozwalaj¿c gospodarce kraju przyjmuj¿cego na dogonienie ulepsze¿ technologicznych i mened¿erskich wch¿oni¿tych przez reszt¿ gospodarki w celu uzyskania pe¿niejszego wp¿ywu na produktywno¿¿.