Bücher von Khalid Khan

The modern world is composed of multi-complex social dynamics. An individual of today has more pressure of adjustment to his environment than his predecessors. The task of an individual to be harmoniously adjusted with his society needs to establish a relationship with his environment based on not only personal fulfillment but also to be of certain benefit to his society. A socially developed person finds a real place of his worth in a society and in turn gives it back to it. A study made by Bilance (1997) defines social development as the promotion of a sustainable society which ensures human dignity by backing every segment of the society especially the vulnerable to develop, improve their social and economic status and be able to acquire their due position in that society. According to Monroe (1990) social development which helps in social adjustment is often used as synonym to adaptation and accommodation and it is a kind of state of equilibrium which can be affected by these processes of accommodation and adaptation.

Doctoral Thesis / Dissertation from the year 2017 in the subject Computer Science - Internet, New Technologies, grade: 1,3, PAF Karachi Institute of Economics and Technology, language: English, abstract: The work presented in this book focuses on the issue of task scheduling and resource allocation in desktop grid systems and presents concrete contributions.Desktop grid systems are one of the largest paradigms of distributed computing in the world. The idea is to use the idle and underutilized processing cycles and memory of the desktop machines to support large scale computation. The design issues in desktop grid systems are much more complex as compared to traditional grid environment because the hosts (desktop machines) participating in the computation do not work under one administrative control and can become unavailable at any point in time. The heterogeneity and volatility of computing resources, for example, diversity of memory, processors, and hardware architectures also play its role. To get fruitful results from such hostile environment, scheduling tasks to better hosts become one of the most important issues.The main contribution of this work is about minimizing the applications turnaround time on desktop grid systems that can only be achieved through knowledgeable task scheduling mechanism. A Group based Fault Tolerant Scheduling and Replication Mechanism (labeled as GFTSRM) is proposed that uses collective impact of CPU and RAM, task completion history and spot checking to populate available hosts in relevant groups to perform group based task scheduling.It is shown that grouping the hosts on the basis of computing strength and behavior is necessary for better performance. Relevant replication strategies are appended to each group in order to reduce the wastage of processing cycles. Simulations are performed by using GFTSRM, FCFS (First Come First Serve) and PRI-CR-Excl (host exclusion based on the fixed threshold of clock rate). GFTSRM is compared with FCFS because it is the most commonly used task scheduling mechanism. PRI-CR-Excl is used for comparison with the proposed group based scheduling mechanism that takes into account ¿collective impact of CPU and RAM¿ while on the contrary PRI-CR-Excl excludes hosts on the fixed threshold of clock rate.The simulation results show that GFTSRM reduces the application turnaround time by more than 35 per cent as compared to FCFS. The proposed group based scheduling mechanism also depicted improvement of more than 20 per cent on application completion time as compared to PRI-CR-Excl.

The book begins with a background reference to the importance and impact that both teaching and research activities have traditionally had on a university's status in terms of its reputation and standing. It focuses on the political changes in the United Kingdom and highlights how the shifts in political thinking in recent years has changed the demographics of students entering higher education. Higher education is funded and the shift from being state funded to the student-funded model has meant that focus has shifted for higher education institutes to one in which the student is now being viewed as a fee-paying customer seeking value for money. As a consequence, universities are expected to be held more accountable to the service they are providing. With the introduction of the Teaching Excellence Framework (TEF) in the United Kingdom, the importance and status of teaching is being raised by attempting to rebalance the dominance of research and the Research Excellence Framework (REF) which for so long has been the main focus of higher education Institutions. The book explores the potential controversy that has arisen around the assessment of teaching quality used as a metric from the TEF outcomes to allow higher education institutes to increase tuition fees for students. The book explores a range of student-centered approaches to teaching and learning that are proving to be very effective in enhancing the overall student teaching experience and also examines the argument that a one-size-fits-all model does not necessarily work well in higher education. With the ever more advances in digital technology, the book considers ways in which this technology can assist academics in helping to enhance the teaching and learning in the classroom as well as in cases of emergency scenarios such as the shutdown of education institutions in March 2020 due to COVID-19.

This study investigates the relationship between the producer price index (PPI) and consumer price index (CPI) in the Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries. The rolling window test, wavelet analysis and bootstrap panel Granger causality and System Generalized Method of Moment Regression (SGMM) methods used for estimation. The neoclassical profit-maximizing model, moderate inflation theory and expenditure switching model provide the theoretical base for this study. We find the bidirectional causality at the various sub-samples as well as causality at time and frequency domain. Similarly, the panel study concludes that various macroeconomic variables have a significant role in the formation of the causal link between the PPI and CPI. The results are useful for future policy formulation as both CPI and PPI are essential contributors to price stability and macroeconomic policies. The mutual relationship is influenced by various internal and external factors so to get precise and predicted inflation targeted policies by these economies need to have information at all stages of the value creation chain.