Bücher von Manasi Sinha

Research Paper (undergraduate) from the year 2013 in the subject Sociology - Relationships and Family, Jawaharlal Nehru University (School of International Studies), course: Ph.D, language: English, abstract: The socially constructed gender roles which rooted in Indiäs socio structural set upinternalizes further the sense of gender inequality or gender bias and accepted it as¿Norm¿. This gender inequality manifests across social, economic and political domainof Indian society in form of preference of boy child over a girl child, falling sex ratio,lack of participation of women in decision making process, lack of control of womenover power structure in society. This further results in to domestic violence, sexualharassment, rape, molestation and may more crimes.There have been many gender equality measures taken place at policy level in order toreduce gender discrimination since independence. However, even after 65 years ofindependence India is still burning with gender discrimination at all levels. The reasonbehind this gender bias has been the fact that the gender equality measures are mostlyoriented towards women and sought to achieve gender equality through positive actionor economic opportunity for women only.This paper therefore, attempts to analyze the new gender equality measure namely thegender-mainstreaming strategy as a way to reduce this gender discrimination. Thepaper dwells into addressing three questions: How gender-mainstreaming strategycould be a better way to eliminate this gender bias? How is it different from othergender equality measures? and What results it could yield in the process of itsimplementation? Therefore the objective of the paper is to study how the sociallyconstructed gender roles result into gender discrimination in society and how thisdiscrimination can be removed through bringing changes in mindset of people andsociety at large with the help of gender-mainstreaming strategy.

Research Paper (postgraduate) from the year 2013 in the subject Sociology - Relationships and Family, grade: A, Jawaharlal Nehru University (School of International Studies), course: Ph.D, language: English, abstract: The formation of gender identity and consequent gender differences is instilled in thesocial fabric, reinforced in daily life and is practiced and perpetuated through theprocess of socialization. This leads to asymmetry and consequent inequality which in away sanctions male hegemony over gender hierarchy and allows for a male gazethrough which women are viewed as an object of gratification; a vulnerable group; avoice less gender; and traditional care-givers. This narrow gaze vis a vis womenconsequently put the lives of women in jeopardy and expose them to various sexualviolence and discrimination in private and public domain.However, enforcement of law has not sufficiently reduced the crisis of sexual violence.The reason behind this being legal consciousness having a narrow value laden gaze inwhich sexual violence is defined through the same larger framework of patriarchaldiscourse which considers it to as crime only. This escapes the root cause of sexualviolence and intensifies the problem of gender inequality and gender violence in society.This paper therefore, attempts to analyze the ways through which women are viewedthrough a social gaze which objectify them as modest, tender, and weak and thusjustifies their vulnerability in public spaces. It also analyses how the legalconsciousness has been influenced by the patriarchal gender discourse and reinforcesthis social gaze.Therefore, this paper seeks to investigate into new ways which helps in reversing thissocial gaze by triggering a change in the social mindset at larger level so as to delimitthe scope of this social gaze on women. This, the paper holds that the solution lies inreversing and widening the social gaze with respect to gendered space, gender role performance, and conceptual domain of sexual violence so that a woman could receiveher freedom, liberty and rights not being a woman only but as an equal gender.