Bücher von Manjeet Singh

The main objective of this book is to analyze the performance of spectrum decision schemes. In this book probability-based spectrum decision and sensing based spectrum decision schemes are compared in term of the overall system time spent by secondary user in the system. The preemptive resume priority (PRP) M/G/1 queuing model is implemented in both approaches for balancing the incoming traffic in the spectrum. Each channel in the spectrum maintains two queues one for primary user and other for low priority secondary user. The optimal number of candidate channels are calculated from the long-term observation according to the time taken by CR to find out the idle channel. The effects of sensing errors like false alarm and missed detection on overall system time also considered. This analysis shows that the effect of missed detection is more severe than the false alarm, because due to missed detection the primary user has to resend its data and it will take more time.

The movement of heavenly bodies have fascinated peoples since time immemorial. What causes these movements and who governed all the laws of nature? Since the birth of humanity we are exploring nature but haven't attained perfection yet.The nature has done its job so perfectly that we are not yet been capable of solving its mysteries. The only thing which we can do is to predict its evolution. Our universe is mysterious and it is stuffed up with mysterious things that attract us to explore it. It is still unresolved that why we are here on earth and about our evolution. Attraction towards deep and dark space by us has always lead towards exploration and analysis but due to it's immeasurability haven't achieved much. Still we are working and have attained new concepts, Gravitational current is one of them. It shows how universe gave birth to new forces and helped us to visualize the universe at large distances. From a quantum size electron to our whole universe, everything is moving with respect to other and due to all this motion, new forces exist like M'n'K force, which plays a great role in binding the universe. In this book we have discussed about them.