Bücher von Santosh Marahatta

S¿abe przyj¿cie genotypu wynika z niew¿äciwego poziomu zrozumienia wymaganych cech uwalniania odmian, a jedynie po¿o¿enie du¿ego nacisku na plon ziarna i kilka innych cech zorientowanych na klienta alternatywnego podej¿cia do konwencjonalnej hodowli ro¿lin, poniewä program hodowlany jest ukierunkowany na zaspokojenie specyficznych potrzeb rolników. Ch¿¿ przyj¿cia odmian COB jest w znacznym stopniu determinowana przez krzewienie, mniejsze zapotrzebowanie na nawadnianie, ¿atwe m¿ócenie i jako¿¿ od¿ywiania. ¿agodzenie procesów degradacji i przywracanie produktywno¿ci gleby jest priorytetem w odniesieniu do osi¿gni¿cia zarówno bezpiecze¿stwa ¿ywno¿ciowego, jak i redukcji ubóstwa. Dlatego te¿ k¿adzie si¿ nacisk na zintegrowane i zrównowäone stosowanie organicznych, nieorganicznych nawozów i nawozów. Dopasowanie podäy N do popytu na uprawy optymalizuje efektywno¿¿ wykorzystania N i zmniejsza straty N. Kluczowe wnioski z tych badä wskazuj¿, ¿e metody partycypacyjnego rozwoju i upowszechniania odmian wydaj¿ si¿ by¿ skuteczne w zwi¿kszaniu ró¿norodno¿ci genotypów i stopnia ich zast¿powalno¿ci w zwyczajowym zarz¿dzaniu przez rolników. Dalsze ustalenia i sugestie zostäy wymienione w niniejszej ksi¿¿ce.

Fertilizer recommendation in Nepal, even for rice cultivation, is presently too generalized and insufficiently related to the site-specific yield potential and soil fertility status. Site Specific Nutrient Management (SSNM) strategies include site and season specific knowledge of crop nutrient requirements and indigenous nutrient supplies that increase rice yield over farmers¿ practice of fertility management and recommended dose of fertilizer application along with higher nutrient uptake and better N use efficiency. The underlying principles of SSNM need to be carefully identified and evaluated for each macro nutrient for each specific agro-ecology. A major challenge is to simplify the approach for wider scale dissemination and adaptation to farming communities without losing components that are crucial to its success.

Improper plant density and N management particularly with continued soil nutrient mining are major factors contributing to low crop yield which is not economical to farmers in the maize based system in Himalayan country Nepal. To feed ever burgeoning population, there is a need to increase production and productivity of the crop. Hybrid maize may lead to substantial increase in total maize production at the same time small farmers had constrained to get seed. At this situation the ultimate option for increasing the productivity through population and nitrogen level management. Winter maize has higher production potential than the rainy season maize due to favorable biotic and abiotic conditions along with higher fertilizer use efficiency. Due this factcommercial cultivation of winter maize started mainly in plain inner terai and valleys of the country. Maintaining the plant population of 66 thousand with 200 kg N was found effective in sandy silt loam soil of inner terai of Nepal.

Poor adoption of genotype is due to the improper level of understanding for required features of varieties release, and only putting major focus on grain yield and few other characteristics client oriented an alternative approach to conventional plant breeding as it targets the breeding program to meet the specific needs of farmers. Willingness to adopt the COB varieties is significantly determined by tillering, less irrigation requirement, easy threshing and eating quality. Mitigation of degradation processes and restoration of soil productivity is a priority concerned in respect to achieving both food security and poverty reduction. So the application of organic, inorganic manures and fertilizers in an integrated and balance way have been emphasized. Matching N supply with crop demand optimizes N use efficiency and reduce N losses. The key findings of this studies concluded that the participatory methods of varieties development and dissemination seem the effectiveness of increasing diversity of genotypes and replacement rates under farmers'' customary management. Further findings and suggestions are mentions in this book.