Bücher von Syed Rahman

Wylesianie na wy¿ynach wschodniego Bangladeszu osi¿gn¿¿o w ostatnich latach alarmuj¿ce tempo z powodu ró¿nych nacisków zwi¿zanych z rosn¿c¿ liczb¿ ludno¿ci, oczyszczaniem gruntów na potrzeby rolnictwa, nielegalnym wyr¿bem, interwencjami na rzecz rozwoju, lukami w polityce i prawodawstwie oraz sprzecznymi mandatami instytucjonalnymi. Powierzchnia lasów w Bangladeszu jest jedn¿ z najni¿szych, a wskänik wylesiania jest najwy¿szy spo¿ród wszystkich krajów na ¿wiecie. W po¿¿czeniu z procesem wylesiania, wadliwe programy zalesiania powänie narazi¿y Bangladesz na podatno¿¿ na zagro¿enia ¿rodowiskowe. Uprawa na zmian¿, która jest nadal powszechna na tym obszarze, w znacznym stopniu przyczynia si¿ do utraty lasów i jest g¿ówn¿ przyczyn¿ degradacji gruntów. Agrole¿nictwo jest obiecuj¿c¿ alternatyw¿, która mo¿e w zrównowäony sposób zarz¿dzä pozostäymi zasobami le¿nymi. Przynosi ona dobre zyski ekonomiczne, a dochody z niej pozwalaj¿ na zaspokojenie podstawowych potrzeb rolników, natomiast uprawy drzew w agrole¿nictwie s¿ cennym ¿ród¿em drewna opäowego, co znacznie zmniejsza ubóstwo na wsi.

Deforestation in the uplands of Eastern Bangladesh, has reached an alarming rate in recent years due to the various pressures of a growing population, land clearances for agriculture, illegal felling, development interventions, gaps in policy and legislation, and conflicting institutional mandates. The forest coverage of Bangladesh is one of the lowest and the deforestation rate is the highest of any country in the world. Coupled with the process of deforestation, flawed afforestration programmes have seriously exposed Bangladesh to environmental vulnerability. Shifting cultivation, which is still prevalent in the area, contributes significantly to forest loss and is the main cause of land degradation. Agroforestry is a promising alternative that can sustainably manage the remaining forest resources. It has good economic returns, and the income also maintains farmers basic needs, whereas the agroforestry tree crops are a valuable source of fuelwood thus reduce rural poverty significantly.

Traditional agriculture in Northern Bangladesh is unsustainable and keeps farmers in a vicious circle of poverty. Agroforestry is a promising alternative, which is considered as one of the very few options to lift people out of the poverty trap and to protect the existing forest as well as improving environmental sustainability. Agroforestry may not only be good for (agro)biodiversity and sustainability, but also has a good economic rate of return. This research identifies the potential role of agroforestry on rural household development and assesses benefit-cost of agroforestry compared to traditional agriculture. Both quantitative, semi-quantitative and qualitative methods are used for analyzing data. The quantitative-economic parts of the study used descriptive statistics and econometric techniques combined with micro-economic models, especially cost-benefit analysis of agroforestry and traditional agriculture combinations at the household level.