Bücher von Toby Walsh

Computational social choice is an expanding field that merges classical topics like economics and voting theory with more modern topics like artificial intelligence, multiagent systems, and computational complexity. This book provides a concise introduction to the main research lines in this field, covering aspects such as preference modelling, uncertainty reasoning, social choice, stable matching, and computational aspects of preference aggregation and manipulation. The book is centered around the notion of preference reasoning, both in the single-agent and the multi-agent setting. It presents the main approaches to modeling and reasoning with preferences, with particular attention to two popular and powerful formalisms, soft constraints and CP-nets. The authors consider preference elicitation and various forms of uncertainty in soft constraints. They review the most relevant results in voting, with special attention to computational social choice. Finally, the book considers preferences in matching problems. The book is intended for students and researchers who may be interested in an introduction to preference reasoning and multi-agent preference aggregation, and who want to know the basic notions and results in computational social choice. Table of Contents: Introduction / Preference Modeling and Reasoning / Uncertainty in Preference Reasoning / Aggregating Preferences / Stable Marriage Problems

The 8th International Conference on Theory and Applications of Satis?ability Testing(SAT2005)providedaninternationalforumforthemostrecentresearch on the satis?ablity problem (SAT). SAT is the classic problem of determining whether or not a propositional formula has a satisfying truth assignment. It was the ?rst problem shown by Cook to be NP-complete. Despite its seemingly specialized nature, satis?ability testing has proved to extremely useful in a wide range of di?erent disciplines, both from a practical as well as from a theoretical point of view. For example, work on SAT continues to provide insight into various fundamental problems in computation, and SAT solving technology has advanced to the point where it has become the most e?ective way of solving a number of practical problems. The SAT series of conferences are multidisciplinary conferences intended to bring together researchers from various disciplines who are interested in SAT. Topics of interest include, but are not limited to: proof systems and proof c- plexity; search algorithms and heuristics; analysis of algorithms; theories beyond the propositional; hard instances and random formulae; problem encodings; - dustrial applications; solvers and other tools. This volume contains the papers accepted for presentation at SAT 2005. The conference attracted a record number of 73 submissions. Of these, 26 papers were accepted for presentation in the technical programme. In addition, 16 - pers were accepted as shorter papers and were presented as posters during the technicalprogramme.Theacceptedpapersandposterpaperscoverthefullrange of topics listed in the call for papers.

Haben Sie sich auch schon einmal gefragt, ob Maschinen wirklich denken konnen und ob sie vielleicht sogar intelligenter sind als wir?Der australische Informatiker Toby Walsh nimmt uns mit auf eine unterhaltsame und inspirierende Reise durch die Welt der Knstlichen Intelligenz. Er erzhlt, wie KI entstand, wie sie unsere Gesellschaft, Wirtschaft und sogar uns selbst bereits verndert hat und was sie fr unsere Zukunft bedeutet. Denn denkende Maschinen sind lngst keine Science-Fiction mehr: Ohne sie knnte keine Suchmaschine sekundenschnell Antworten liefern, ohne sie wren selbstfahrende Autos undenkbar und unsere Smartphones nur Telefone. Auch wenn KI unser Leben bequemer macht, frchten sich viele nicht umsonst vor der Macht der Maschinen. Walsh nimmt diese ngste ernst: Werden denkende Maschinen uns in Zukunft die Jobs wegnehmen? Und wenden sie sich womglich letztlich gegen die Menschheit selbst?Walsh hilft auch den Nicht-Experten unter uns herauszufinden, was Knstliche Intelligenz kann, was sie wohl nie knnen wird und wie viel Kopfzerbrechen uns ihre Weiterentwicklung in Zukunft bereiten sollte. Eine Richtschnur sind dabei seine zehn erstaunlichen Vorhersagen ber unser Leben mit Knstlicher Intelligenz im Jahr 2050: Denn die Zukunft hat lngst begonnen!