Politik

As cannabis legalization reforms are underway, there is some concern that non-profit, 'middle ground' options may remain under-researched and thus less visible. This book offers an in-depth account of one of the possible 'middle ground' models for the supply of cannabis: the Cannabis Social Club. Cannabis Social Clubs (CSCs) are typically formal, non-profit associations of adult cannabis users who produce and distribute that substance close to or at cost price among themselves. They constitute an user-driven model for the supply of cannabis. In most jurisdictions, CSCs remain a grass roots, unregulated initiative of groups of users, but the model has been legalized in Uruguay and Malta, and it has featured recent debates and legislative proposals in other countries. This book brings together contributions from internationally respected scholars, drawing on case studies, empirical findings and policy reflections, from a range of countries (such as Belgium, Canada, New Zealand, Spain, Uruguay, USA), and a consideration of the CSC model from different disciplinary backgrounds. Part one provides detailed analysis of where and how CSCs have been operating, and a critical analysis of their key features and relationship with institutional actors. Part two discusses several policy outcomes and proposes a design of a regulatory market, as well as considering whether the CSC model might be suited for adaptation to the supply of other substances. The Cannabis Social Club is important reading for academics in the fields of drug policy analysis, criminology, economics, policy studies and anthropology. It will also be of interest to policy makers, journalists, law-enforcement personnel.

Using a variety of theoretical reflections and empirically grounded case studies, this book examines how certain kinds of imagination - political, artistic, historical, philosophical - help us tackle the challenge of comprehending and responding to various forms of political violence.Understanding political violence is a complex task, which involves a variety of operations, from examining the social macro-structures within which actors engage in violence, to investigating the motives and drives of individual perpetrators. This book focuses on the faculty of imagination and its role in facilitating our normative and critical engagement with political violence. It interrogates how the imagination can help us deal with past as well as ongoing instances of political violence. Several questions, which have thus far received too little attention from political theorists, motivate this project: Can certain forms of imagination - artistic, historical, philosophical - help us tackle the challenge of comprehending and responding to unprecedented forms of violence? What is the ethical and political value of artworks depicting human rights violations in the aftermath of conflicts? What about the use of thought experiments in justifying policy measures with regard to violence? What forms of political imagination can foster solidarity and catalyse political action? This book opens up a forum for an inclusive and reflexive debate on the role that the imagination can play in unpacking complex issues of political violence. The chapters in this book were originally published in a special issue of the journal, Critical Review of International Social and Political Philosophy.

The Crown and Constitutional Reform is an innovative, interdisciplinary exchange between experts in law, anthropology and politics about the Crown, constitutional monarchy and the potential for constitutional reform in Commonwealth common law countries. The constitutional foundation of many Commonwealth countries is the Crown, an icon of ultimate authority, at once familiar yet curiously enigmatic. Is it a conceptual placeholder for the state, a symbol of sovereignty or does its ambiguity make it a shapeshifter, a legal fiction that can be deployed as an expedient mask for executive power and convenient instrument for undermining democratic accountability? This volume offers a novel, interdisciplinary exchange: the contributors analyse how the Crown operates in the United Kingdom and the postcolonial settler societies of Canada, Australia, and New Zealand. In doing so, they examine fundamental theoretical questions about statehood, sovereignty, constitutionalism and postcolonial reconciliation. As Queen Elizabeth II's long reign approaches its end, questions about the Crown's future, its changing forms and meanings, the continuing value of constitutional monarchy and its potential for reform, gain fresh urgency.The chapters in this book were originally published in a special issue of The Round Table: The Commonwealth Journal of International Affairs.

Elections around the world are plagued with the problem of unequal levels of participation. This can have profound consequences for election results, representation and policies. This book focuses on the interventions that can be used to redress the turnout gap and other inequalities within the electoral process. The book defines the concept of inclusive voting practices to refer to policy instruments which can reduce turnout inequality between groups and mitigate other inequalities within the electoral process. Studies from around the world then examine how policies can affect inclusivity on election day. This includes research on enfranchising felons and migrant communities; compulsory voting; voter ID requirements; voter registration practices; investment in electoral management; gendered electoral violence; accessible voting practices; and overseas voting. As a result, this book will be of interest to scholars of democracy, democratic theory and elections, as well as having major policy implications worldwide.The chapters in this book were originally published as a special issue of the journal Policy Studies.

This book offers a fresh look at the role of coalitions in contentious politics in North Africa and the Middle East, based on conceptual reflexions and empirical case studies by researchers who have conducted extensive fieldwork in the region.Coalitions of actors that have traditionally not been allies have become a key feature of the protest movements that have emerged across North Africa and the Middle East since 2011. But what happens when Islamists ally with Leftists, workers with student unions and young engineers with local tribesmen? How do coalitions form across ideological, generational, professional, ethnic and class divides? Are such collaborations transformative? The authors seek to show that it is important to go beyond analyses that focus mainly on identifying the factors that led to a coalition's success or failure: coalitions are moments of transformative encounter that can lead to changes affecting relations with political authorities, ideological learnings, repertoires of action and understandings of the notion of right. Instead of analyzing coalitions and social divides as two opposite processes, this book further argues that studying the alliance of social groups goes hand in hand with exploring processes of differentiation that are engineered by both political regimes and social actors.Focusing on the role of coalitions in contentious politics, before and after the Arab uprisings, this book proposes a sociology of coalitions in the Middle East based on key empirical examples, to analyze the transformations that emerged out of such alliances at the levels of repertoires of action, forms of organization, relations to political authorities and ideological learnings.The chapters in this book were originally published as a special issue of the journal, Mediterranean Politics.

Ideologies in Action: Morphological Adaptation and Political Ideas explores how political ideas move across geographical, social and chronological boundaries. Focusing on North American and European case studies ranging from populist tax revolts through parenting advice manuals to online learning environments, the contributors propose new methods for understanding how political entrepreneurs, intellectuals and ordinary citizens deploy and redefine ideologies. All of these groups are consumers of ideology, drawing on pre-existing, transnational ideological concepts and narratives in order to make sense of the world. They are also all producers of ideology, adapting and reconfiguring ideological material to support their own political aims, desires and policy objectives. In doing so, they combine common conceptual elements - interpretations of freedom, order, national identity, democracy, community or equality - with sentiments and imaginations deeply embedded in cultural and social practice. To render these ideological practices intelligible, the contributors to this volume blend conceptual morphology, which emphasizes how meaning emerges in and through connections between political ideas, with close readings of the vernacular and experiential dimensions of ideologies in action. This book offers new insights into how ideologies in varied social and political settings can be decoded, and challenges hierarchical distinctions between ideological 'producers' and 'consumers'. The chapters in this book were originally published as a special issue of the Journal of Political Ideologies.

The Routledge Companion to Music and Human Rights is a collection of case studies spanning a wide range of concerns about music and human rights in response to intensifying challenges to the well-being of individuals, peoples, and the planet. It brings forward the expertise of academic researchers, lawyers, human rights practitioners, and performing musicians who offer critical reflection on how their work might identify, inform, or advance mutual interests in their respective fields. The book is comprised of 28 chapters, interspersed with 23 'voices' - portraits that focus on individuals' intimate experiences with music in the defence or advancement of human rights - and explores the following four themes: 1) Fundamentals on music and human rights; 2) Music in pursuit of human rights; 3) Music as a means of violating human rights; 4) Human rights and music: intrinsic resonances.

This book demonstrates that, in many cases, counter terrorism policies relating to preventive detention, targeted killing and measures relating to returning foreign terrorist fighters have failed to respect human rights, and this encourages vulnerable people to be drawn towards supporting or committing acts of terrorism.

The key lessons we drew in the two earlier books in this series, Religion, Politics and Society (RPS 2022) and Religion, Eugenics, Science and Mathematics (RESM 2023), were: Historically, religions have supported and opposed injustice. No religion is more holy than any other. Conflict between religions is driven more by social, political and economic factors than scriptural differences. Morality can exist without religious belief, but science or secularism does not guarantee morality. The basic philosophy and approach of religion and science differ, yet they need not be socially antagonistic forces. Religion and secularism can coexist peacefully. Religions, secularism, and science can cooperate to counter the damage wrought on our planet by profit- driven neoliberal capitalism and hyper-consumerism. RPS (2022) also presents a schema to promote joint, morally ennobling engagement between the varied faith traditions and between religions and secular forces. Its tenets are:Declaration of spiritual equality, demarcation of common ethical principles, separation of religion and state, demarcation of the roles of religion and science in education, freedom of dress, fostering principled tolerance, acceptance of faith-based conversions, promotion of gender equality, non-discrimination over sexual preference, and regular joint celebrations and interfaith prayers. (RPS 2022).These tenets were augmented in RESM (2023) by asserting the fundamental right of religions and science to exist and freely propagate themselves. Yet, at the same time, I suggested that scientists should be free to criticize religion and that people of faith should be free to criticize science. Religion should not intrude into public policy and education. Scientific and Aa. People of science, religion, and secularism should abide by the highest standards of morality to promote human flourishing and planetary welfare. Only the combined force of common people, religious and secular, stretching across nations and firmly committed to social and economic justice, promises the hope of attaining a humane, tolerant social order. (RESM 2023). The coronavirus pandemic dramatically transformed people-to-people interactions in families, communities, work, and educational places. Public social gatherings were curtailed, relatives did not visit one another, teachers kept a distance from their students, classes were held online, employees worked from home, recreational travel plummeted, supermarkets opened on a restricted entry basis, and so on. Washing hands, social distancing, and mask-wearing became the norm in public venues. International relationships and religious practices were affected drastically as well.The main objective of this book is to examine how religions and people of faith were affected by the coronavirus pandemic and how their reactions altered its course. We also assess the validity of the above-noted conclusions drawn in RPS (2022) and RESM (2023) for the coronavirus pandemic. In particular, we ponder on the following queries:Question 1: How did the coronavirus pandemic evolve in selected nations? Question 2: Was religious belief an obstacle or a positive factor in understanding the scientific basis of the coronavirus pandemic? Question 3: Did religious institutions, leaders and laity facilitate or block the implementation of the official pandemic control measures? Question 4:Was the role played by religion in the coronavirus pandemic affected by historical, social, economic, and political factors? Question 5: How did secularism operate in the coronavirus pandemic? Question 6: Did the coronavirus pandemic enhance or undermine religiosity? We explore these queries in relation to the four major faiths (Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism), some minor religions, and secularism.

This book interrogates how identities are politicized, transformed, and mobilized throughout the African continent to demonstrate alternatives for nation building. It examines ways of transforming identity and provides concrete options where institutions and technology mobilize for education and empowerment around issues of African identities.

China and America's Tech War from AI to 5G examines how Sino-U.S. geopolitical competition has increasingly centered on the performances of the two countries' technology sectors and their ability to dominate development of critical next generation technologies. It analyzes and compares the strengths of China and the U.S., ranging from the ability to produce and attract talent, to the degree of government support and the scale and funding for technological research. Abrams reviews and weighs important technology areas such as green energy, artificial intelligence, Quantum Computing, and 5G will likely have, the means both parties have exercised to gain advantages, and the consequences of leadership for the county who attains it.

This book provides an introduction to the key arguments in decolonial feminism, particularly, the coloniality of gender, the critique of white and Eurocentric feminisms, the imbrication between gender, race, and colonialism, feminicides, and the coloniality of democracy and public institutions.

This book will explore the moral dimensions of love from the standpoint of political philosophy, psychology, and neuroscience.

Rethinking Post Cold-War Russian-Latin American Relations offers the first interdisciplinary study of Russian-Latin American relations after the end of the Cold War.

This volume presents an essential but underestimated role that Dionysus played in Greek and Roman political thought. Written by an interdisciplinary team of scholars, the volume covers the period from archaic Greece to the late Roman Empire.

This book argues for an inherent connection between Critical Discourse Studies and Communication Studies.The volume begins with a comprehensive introduction that documents the shift towards Critical Discourse Studies in the study of socio-discursive phenomena, as well as its implications in terms of theories, methodologies, and objects of study within and beyond Communication. The diverse selection of case studies further demonstrates the possibilities located at the intersection of Communication and Critical Discourse Studies, ultimately providing solid ground for a firmer cross-fertilization between the two. The chapters as a whole provide an insightful state of the art of the kinds of research that emerge when we consider the traversing trajectories of Critical Discourse Studies and Communication, advancing our understanding of self-reflexivity, journalism production and social media, discourses of neurodiversity, the environment, autism advocacy, and national memory. They also provide promising emergent venues that speak to the value and the need of interdisciplinary theory building.This book was originally published as a special issue of the journal, Review of Communication.

This book sets up a much-needed dialogue between a rethought Marxian praxis of the political and a rethought experience of spirituality. The chapters in this book were originally published in, Rethinking Marxism ¿ A Journal of Economics, Culture and Society.

In the face of limited time and escalating impacts, some scientists and politicians are talking about attempting "grand technological interventions" into the Earth's basic physical and biological systems ("geoengineering") to combat global warming. Early ideas include spraying particles into the stratosphere to block some incoming sunlight, or "enhancing" natural biological systems to withdraw carbon dioxide from the atmosphere at a higher rate. Such technologies are highly speculative and scientific development of them has barely begun.Nevertheless, it is widely recognized that geoengineering raises critical questions about who will control planetary interventions, and what responsibilities they will have. Central to these questions are issues of justice and political legitimacy. For instance, while some claim that climate risks are so severe that geoengineering must be attempted, others insist that the current global order is so unjust that interventions are highly likely to be illegitimate and exacerbate injustice. Such concerns are rarely discussed in the policy arena in any depth, or with academic rigor. Hence, this book gathers contributions from leading voices and rising stars in political philosophy to respond. It is essential reading for anyone puzzled about how geoengineering might promote or thwart the ends of justice in a dramatically changing world.The chapters in this book were originally published in the journals: Ethics, Policy & the Environment and Critical Review of International Social and Political Philosophy.

Le 22 janvier 1963, l¿Allemagne et la France signent le traité de l¿Elisée sur la coopération franco-allemande. Le traité marque un moment symbolique qui annonce l¿aire de l¿institutionnalisation des relations bilatérales. Le traité d¿Aix-la-Chapelle (22 janvier 2019 à Aix-la-Chapelle) reprend le traité de l¿Elisée et plaide pour un approfondissement de l¿ancrage et de la solidarité européenne ainsi que pour le renforcement la coopération transfrontalière.Ce livre examine les défis spécifiques auxquels ont été confrontés les décideurs politiques et la société civile en France et en Allemagne depuis 1963 en raison de toute une série d¿instabilités politiques, sécuritaires, économiques, sociales, mondiales. L¿objectif sera de décrypter les principaux Enjeux géostratégiques en Europe du point de vue français et allemand à l¿aide d¿études de cas ciblés. Nous évaluons également le décalage entre les « représentations » et les politiques des deux pays en termes d¿intérêts géopolitiques, les nouvelles orientations stratégiques, ainsi que la diplomatie féministe récente.

Gabriel Tarde (1843-1904) était un sociologue et criminologue français, souvent associé à la tradition de la sociologie criminelle et à la théorie des interactions sociales. Il a écrit plusieurs ouvrages influents, dont "Études pénales et sociales".Dans "Études pénales et sociales", Tarde explore des thèmes liés à la criminologie et à la société, en mettant l'accent sur la compréhension des causes du comportement criminel, les réponses sociales à la criminalité et les dynamiques sociales sous-jacentes aux actes déviants.Le travail de Tarde a influencé le développement de la sociologie criminelle et de la théorie sociale, en particulier ses idées sur l'imitation sociale et la diffusion des comportements criminels au sein de la société. Il a également contribué à l'analyse des processus sociaux, influençant des penseurs ultérieurs tels que Émile Durkheim et d'autres théoriciens de la sociologie.

Si l'on veut glacer tous les esprits, il suffit de prononcer le mot de métaphysique. Cette science, affectée à l'étude de l'âme, est un objet d'effroi pour quiconque possède une âme ; elle figure dans le monde savant comme la ronce dans un bouquet. Bien différents de Midas qui changeait le cuivre en or, les métaphysiciens ont eu l'art de changer l'or en cuivre, et de reléguer au dernier rang leur science qui devait tenir le sceptre du monde scientifique. C'était à eux de dissiper les charlataneries de la superstition, de la politique et de la morale, qui prétendent diriger les affaires sociales ; c'était à eux de censurer les opérations de Dieu, déterminer les devoirs de Dieu envers nous et ses plans sur l'ordre des sociétés humaines. Mais à quoi la métaphysique s'est-elle arrêtée ? À des arguties sur les sensations, les abstractions et les perceptions, Cette broutille méritait-elle d'occuper la science chargée de résoudre le grand problème des destinées, le problème de l'harmonie universelle ?

"De quelques formes primitives de classification" est un article écrit par Émile Durkheim et Marcel Mauss. Cet article a été publié en 1903 dans la revue "L'Année sociologique", une revue fondée par Durkheim pour promouvoir la sociologie en tant que discipline académique.Dans cet article, Durkheim et Mauss explorent les formes élémentaires de classification que l'on trouve dans différentes sociétés, en mettant particulièrement l'accent sur les sociétés "primitives". Ils examinent comment les sociétés classent et catégorisent leur environnement, que ce soit les objets, les personnes ou les concepts.Les deux auteurs s'inspirent des méthodes de la sociologie et de l'anthropologie pour étudier les systèmes de classification dans le but de comprendre comment ces systèmes reflètent la manière dont les sociétés perçoivent le monde qui les entoure. L'article peut également être interprété comme une tentative d'appliquer les principes de la sociologie durkheimienne aux domaines de l'anthropologie et de l'étude des cultures.Cet article, bien que relativement court, est significatif dans le cadre des contributions de Durkheim et Mauss à la sociologie et à l'anthropologie. Il illustre leur intérêt commun pour l'étude des formes de pensée et des institutions sociales dans différentes cultures.

"Fondements de la métaphysique des m¿urs" d'Emmanuel Kant, publié en 1785, est une ¿uvre majeure de la philosophie morale. Dans cet ouvrage, Kant expose son éthique déontologique en développant des concepts tels que l'impératif catégorique, l'autonomie de la volonté, le devoir moral, la loi morale et la dignité humaine. Il souligne l'importance de l'action conforme à des principes autonomes plutôt qu'à des inclinations particulières, mettant en avant la dignité intrinsèque de chaque être humain en tant que fin en soi. Cette ¿uvre a eu une influence considérable sur la philosophie morale ultérieure.