Bücher der Reihe Archimedes

Historical accounts of successful laboratories often consist primarily of reminiscences by their directors and the eminent people who studied or worked in these laboratories. The second, The Cavendish Laboratory, 1874-1974, was published in 1974 to commemorate the one hundredth anniversary of the Cavendish.

Examines particular cases of 'reception' in ways that emphasize pressing historiographical and methodological issues. This book discusses the transfer of scientific ideas, the mechanisms of their introduction, and the processes of their appropriation at the periphery.

All technologies differ from one another. Jay David Bolter argues in Turing's Man that certain technologies in certain ages have had the power not only to transform society but also to shape the way in which people understand their relationship with the physical world.

Viewed as a flashpoint of the Scientific Revolution, early modern astronomy witnessed a virtual explosion of ideas about the nature and structure of the world.

Presents a fresh and comprehensive picture of David Hilbert's intense, original, and influential involvement with physics, that spanned his career and that constituted a main focus of interest in his scientific horizon. This book is of interest to historians of physics and of mathematics, and to historically-minded physicists and mathematicians.

Eclipses have long been seen as important celestial phenomena, whether as omens affecting the future of kingdoms, or as useful astronomical events to help in deriving essential parameters for theories of the motion of the moon and sun.

This book explores the interconnections and differentiations between artisanal workshops and alchemical laboratories and between the arts and alchemy from Antiquity to the eighteenth century.

Although the development of ideas about the motion and trajectory of comets has been investigated piecemeal, we lack a comprehensive and detailed survey of ph- ical theories of comets.

This book explores the 18th century natural philosopher Henry Cavendish, best known for his work in chemistry and physics. It traces aspects of his personality, views and interpretations of him, and explores notions of eccentricity and autism.

This book offers a novel approach to the life and work of Vittorino Rambaldoni da Feltre (c. 1378 - 1446), teacher of princes and educationalist of Italian Renaissance humanism. The authors examine perspectives created by his students and contemporaries.

This book provides a detailed biography of Qutb al-Din Shirazi, a leading scientist of the 13th century, and clarifies the relationship between his three well-known, but little studied, medieval works on astronomy.

The distinction between the contexts of discovery and justification has left a turbulent wake in the philosophy of science. This book recognizes the need to re-open the debate about the nature, development, and significance of the context distinction, about its merits and flaws.

An American Scientist on the Research Frontier is the first scholarly study of the nineteenth-century American scientist Edward Williams Morley.

This book includes most of the contributions presented at a conference on ¿Univ- sities and Science in the Early Modern Period¿ held in 1999 in Valencia, Spain. The conference was part of the ¿Five Centuries of the Life of the University of Valenciä (Cinc Segles) celebrations, and from the outset we had the generous support of the ¿Patronato¿ (Foundation) overseeing the events. In recent decades, as a result of a renewed attention to the institutional, political, social, and cultural context of scienti?c activity, we have witnessed a reappraisal of the role of the universities in the construction and development of early modern science. In essence, the following conclusions have been reached: (1) the attitudes regarding scienti?c progress or novelty differed from country to country and follow differenttrajectoriesinthecourseoftheearlymodernperiod;(2)institutionsofhigher learning were the main centers of education for most scientists; (3) although the universities were sometimes slow to assimilate new scienti?c knowledge, when they didsoithelpednotonlytoremovethesuspicionthatthenewsciencewasintellectually subversivebutalsotomakesciencearespectableandevenprestigiousactivity;(4)the universities gave the scienti?c movement considerable material support in the form of research facilities such as anatomical theaters, botanical gardens, and expensive instruments; (5) the universities provided professional employment and a means of support to many scientists; and (6) although the relations among the universities and the academies or scienti?c societies were sometimes antagonistic, the two types of institutionsoftenworkedtogetherinharmony,performingcomplementaryratherthan competing functions; moreover, individuals moved from one institution to another, asdid knowledge, methods, and scienti?c practices.

As Huygens applied his mathematical proficiency to practical issues pertaining to telescopes - including trying to design a perfect telescope by means of mathematical theory - his dioptrics is significant for our understanding of seventeenth-century relations between theory and practice.

This volume makes an important contribution toward a nuanced appreciation of the Jesuits' interaction with "modernity", and a greater recognition of their contribution to the mathematization of natural philosophy and experimental science.

This book presents essays by eminent scholars from across the history of medicine, early science and European history, including those expert on the history of the book. Those with an interest in the history of science, the history of medicine and all related fields will find this work a stimulating and rewarding read.

Describes the development and the ultimate demise of the practice of mathematics in sixteenth century Antwerp. The book touches on all aspects of practical mathematics from teaching and instrument making to the practice of building fortifications of the practice of navigation.

New essays in science history ranging across the entire field and related in most instance to the works of Charles Gillispie, one of the field's founders.

This monograph provides a historically detailed and philosophical study of Newton's scientific methodology. The text illustrates how Newton carefully distinguished between the physico-mathematical treatment and the physical treatment of force, and that the former should always precede the latter.

The volume of his work, reaching from medicine to physiology to physics and epis- mology, his impact on the development of the sciences far beyond German borders, and the contribution he made to the organization and popularization of research, all established Helmholtz's prominence both in the academic world and in public cultural life.

This book represents a first considered attempt to study the factors that conditioned industrial chemistry for war in 1914-18. Taking a comparative perspective, it reflects on the experience of France, Germany, Austria, Russia, Britain, Italy and Russia, and points to significant similarities and differences.

This book examines the Lysenko controversy. It covers the interwar eugenics movement, the Scopes Trial, the popularity of Lamarckism as a theory of heredity prior to the synthesis of genetics and Natural Selection, and the Cold War.

Through recent volumes of the scientific letters and mathematical papers series of the Academy Edition scholars have obtained a much richer textual basis on which to conduct their studies - material which allows readers to see interconnections between his philosophical and mathematical ideas which have not previously been manifested.

Famed among physicists and astronomers for his anticipation of black holes, John Michell lived a double life-as a clergyman and an experimenting scientist. This, his first full biography, tells his story and includes a complete edition of his known letters.

John Roche's brief essay (1987), in which he sketched the broad outlines of the history of this concept, was particularly helpful, and led us to conclude that the subject was worthy of monographic treatment.