The Trouble with the Congo suggests a new explanation for international peacebuilding failures in civil wars. Drawing from more than 330 interviews and a year and a half of field research, it develops a case study of the international intervention during the Democratic Republic of the Congo's unsuccessful transition from war to peace and democracy (2003-6). Grassroots rivalries over land, resources, and political power motivated widespread violence. However, a dominant peacebuilding culture shaped the intervention strategy in a way that precluded action on local conflicts, ultimately dooming the international efforts to end the deadliest conflict since World War II. Most international actors interpreted continued fighting as the consequence of national and regional tensions alone. UN staff and diplomats viewed intervention at the macro levels as their only legitimate responsibility. The dominant culture constructed local peacebuilding as such an unimportant, unfamiliar, and unmanageable task that neither shocking events nor resistance from select individuals could convince international actors to reevaluate their understanding of violence and intervention.
The Wealth of States is the first sustained analysis of the overlap between historical sociology and international relations.
Today's maps are filled with uniform states separated by linear boundaries. This book examines the important but overlooked role of cartography in shaping the development of modern states. It explores how maps have altered concepts of political space, organization and authority, and transformed practices of internal rule and international interaction.
Turkey, Japan and Russia were all once competitors of the West, but have had to adapt to Western norms following defeats at the hands of the West. This book examines how a sense of stigma has shaped the foreign policies of states torn between the East and the West.
What are international orders, how are they destroyed, and how can they be defended in the face of violent challenges? Advancing an innovative realist-constructivist account of international order, Andrew Phillips addresses each of these questions in War, Religion and Empire. Phillips argues that international orders rely equally on shared visions of the good and accepted practices of organized violence to cultivate cooperation and manage conflict between political communities. Considering medieval Christendom's collapse and the East Asian Sinosphere's destruction as primary cases, he further argues that international orders are destroyed as a result of legitimation crises punctuated by the disintegration of prevailing social imaginaries, the break-up of empires, and the rise of disruptive military innovations. He concludes by considering contemporary threats to world order, and the responses that must be taken in the coming decades if a broadly liberal international order is to survive.
Cecilia Albin argues that principles of justice and fairness play an important part in international negotiations. Her book draws on cases in four areas - the environment, international trade, ethnic conflict, and arms control - and relates the abstract debate over international ethics to the realities of international relations.
Victimization of ethnic and religious minorities has been used by rulers throughout history to assert their own control and legitimacy over communities brought together against alleged 'outsiders'. Rae demonstrates how these practices predate nationalism and how they prompted the development of international norms for legitimate state behaviour.
Challenging conventional views in the field, Rathbun argues that trust is fundamental to international cooperation, international organizations and American multilateralism. Arguing that liberals and conservatives trust to different degrees, he suggests that this difference explains domestic political debates over foreign policy in US politics.
This 1991 book examines a largely neglected phenomenon in the field of international relations - the concept of the isolated state. Deon Geldenhuys begins by discussing how he measures both voluntary and enforced international isolation and then presents a number of case studies of self-isolation.
Why do countries give foreign aid? Although many countries have official development assistance programs, this book argues that no two of them see the purpose of these programmes in the same way. Moreover, the way countries frame that purpose has shaped aid policy choices past and present. The author examines how Belgium long gave aid out of a sense of obligation to its former colonies, The Netherlands was more interested in pursuing international influence, Italy has focused on the reputational payoffs of aid flows and Norwegian aid has had strong humanitarian motivations since the beginning. But at no time has a single frame shaped any one country's aid policy exclusively. Instead, analysing half a century of legislative debates on aid in these four countries, this book presents a unique picture both of cross-national and over time patterns in the salience of different aid frames and of varying aid programmes that resulted.
This book brings together leading scholars in fields from international law and humanitarianism to nuclear deterrence and the UN to explore a novel research programme in international relations. It crystallizes the authors' research into a common effort to show how world politics is structured by manifold practices.
This book brings together leading scholars in fields from international law and humanitarianism to nuclear deterrence and the UN to explore a novel research programme in international relations. It crystallizes the authors' research into a common effort to show how world politics is structured by manifold practices.
In this 1994 book Bradley Klein draws upon debates in international relations theory to raise important questions about the nature of strategic studies and nuclear deterrence. The book will be of interest to students of international relations theory, strategic studies, peace studies, and US foreign policy.
State sovereignty is an inherently social construct. The modern state system is not based on some timeless principle of sovereignty, but on a conception that uniquely links authority, territory, population (society, nation), and recognition, in a particular place (the state). This book describes the practices that have produced various sovereign ideals and resistances to them.
This book shows how peace movements affected US decisions to enter nuclear arms control talks during the Cold War. Most scholarship assumes that state policies on pursuing international cooperation are set by national leaders, in response either to international conditions, or to their own interests and ideas. Jeffrey Knopf shows how state preferences in this can also be shaped from below.
Analyses the relationship between the end of the Cold War and the resurgence of geopolitical thought in Europe. This book contributes to the analysis of the role of identity in foreign policy and its comparative approach allows for a broad assessment of some of the fundamental dynamics of European security.
How do influential social ideas contribute to global governance? This book takes an original approach to international relations by looking at the way social ideas help to portray the world in a particular way. Jonathan Joseph begins by analysing the role of important concepts such as globalisation, global civil society, social capital, networks and risk; then examines the role these concepts play in the discourse of international organisations. Using the concept of governmentality, he argues that contemporary social theories help justify contemporary forms of governance. By comparing organisations like the EU and the World Bank, Joseph investigates the extent to which these ideas are influential in theory and in practice.
Technology is represented as either the solution to or the cause of modern security problems. This book assesses how these two views collide in debates over the promotion of ballistic missile defence, a complex, costly and controversial system intended to defend the United States from nuclear missile attacks.
The Persistent Power of Human Rights provides an important contribution to the world's emerging human rights agenda, tackling key questions, including why some established democracies continue to engage in proscribed behaviours such as torture. Using a unique blend of qualitative and quantitative research, it will engage academics, policymakers and practitioners.
The Persistent Power of Human Rights provides an important contribution to the world's emerging human rights agenda, tackling key questions, including why some established democracies continue to engage in proscribed behaviours such as torture. Using a unique blend of qualitative and quantitative research, it will engage academics, policymakers and practitioners.
Analyses the relationship between the end of the Cold War and the resurgence of geopolitical thought in Europe. This book contributes to the analysis of the role of identity in foreign policy and its comparative approach allows for a broad assessment of some of the fundamental dynamics of European security.
Every year a staggering number of corporate service providers mask perpetrators of terrorist financing, corruption and illegal arms trades, but the degree to which firms flout global identification standards remains unknown. This book sheds new light on the sordid world of anonymous shell corporations through a series of field experiments.
Karp argues that non-state actors, including transnational corporations, can sometimes be public enough to have 'responsibility for human rights'. His book shows how this approach is superior to the main alternative perspectives, and gives readers an original combination of theory and empirical grounding in the world of practice.
Why are democracies pursuing more military conflicts, but achieving worse results? Examining modern militaries and the average voter's incentives, this book explains why Britain's empire swelled as its suffrage expanded, why the US pursued a lengthy but flawed strategy in Vietnam, and why we are entering an age of democratic militarism.
Friedrich Kratochwil's book explores the key discourses surrounding the role of law in the international arena. Providing an overview of the debates in legal theory, philosophy, international law and international organizations, Kratochwil reflects on the need to break down disciplinary boundaries.
Diplomacy can help explain key dimensions of world politics, including international law, war, international organizations, humanitarianism, and economic governance. Examining contemporary changes in diplomacy through social theoretical frameworks, this book sheds new light on how the evolution of diplomacy is integral to the making and remaking of world politics.
Diplomacy can help explain key dimensions of world politics, including international law, war, international organizations, humanitarianism, and economic governance. Examining contemporary changes in diplomacy through social theoretical frameworks, this book sheds new light on how the evolution of diplomacy is integral to the making and remaking of world politics.
Based on an innovative theory of international law, Janina Dill's book investigates the effectiveness of international humanitarian law (IHL) in regulating the conduct of warfare. Through a comprehensive examination of the IHL defining a legitimate target of attack, Dill reveals a controversy among legal and military professionals about the 'logic' according to which belligerents ought to balance humanitarian and military imperatives: the logics of sufficiency or efficiency. Law prescribes the former, but increased recourse to international law in US air warfare has led to targeting in accordance with the logic of efficiency. The logic of sufficiency is morally less problematic, yet neither logic satisfies contemporary expectations of effective IHL or legitimate warfare. Those expectations demand that hostilities follow a logic of liability, which proves impracticable. This book proposes changes to international law, but concludes that according to widely shared normative beliefs, on the twenty-first-century battlefield there are no truly legitimate targets.
The 'long nineteenth century' (1776-1914) was a period of political, economic, military and cultural revolutions that re-forged both domestic and international societies. Neither existing international histories nor international relations texts sufficiently register the scale and impact of this 'global transformation', yet it is the consequences of these multiple revolutions that provide the material and ideational foundations of modern international relations. Global modernity reconstituted the mode of power that underpinned international order and opened a power gap between those who harnessed the revolutions of modernity and those who were denied access to them. This gap dominated international relations for two centuries and is only now being closed. By taking the global transformation as the starting point for international relations, this book repositions the roots of the discipline and establishes a new way of both understanding and teaching the relationship between world history and international relations.
Drawing on original qualitative and quantitative evidence, this book demonstrates how the rules of the game influence the cooperative or coercive nature of the strategies adopted by all states in a negotiation. It provides a rich understanding of the nuances of states' behavior in international bargaining processes.
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