Bücher der Reihe Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology

It is worth noting that while addressing the hypothesis of the role of class II major histocompatibility glycoproteins in autoimmune diabetes (insulin-dependent diabetes, IDDM) a number of investigators established animal models in which class II molecules were expressed under the control of the rat insulin promoter.

The purpose of this volume is to highlight some current areas of poxvirus research which are likely to be particularly fruitful in the upcoming few years.

The first volume, CTMI 156, (see page VI for contents) provided data on the animal models and experimental approaches currently employed to evaluate both the autoimmune and virologic factors contributing to the causation and patho genesis of diabetes.

Nerve growth factor (NGF) was the first such factor to be characterized (LEVI MONTALCINI and HAMBURGER 1953) and has served as the model against which all similar factors are compared. These include: three structurally related factors, NGF itself (SCOTT et al. acidic and basic fibroblast growth factors (aFGF, bFGF) (ABRAHAM et al.

Almost 30 years ago RITOSSA described a new puffing pattern in salivary gland chromosomes of Drosophila following heat shock.

Pioneering work on hepatitis B virus and hepatitis delta virus, and the discovery of hepatitis B-like virus in animals during the 1970's has been followed, over the past ten years, by an explosion of interest in how these viruses replicate, maintain chronic infections, and cause liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma.

There has been no literature up to now treating the Bunyaviridae in general as a family. The book demonstrates how they are maintained in nature and how they replicate and sometimes cause disease.

Understanding the mechanisms involved in intracellular movement and localization of proteins is a central issue in cell biology. In several chapters, particular attention is given to studies with viruses that are assembled by budding at specific membrane sites within the cell or at the cell surface;

An integrated retrovirus effectively becomes part of the cellular genome, but with the difference that the virus to a large extent retains control over its own expression through nontranslated sequences in the long terminal repeat (L TR).

Transmission between humans was originally reco gnized in the unique epidemiology of kuru in New Guinea tribesmen, and concern about transmission from animals to humans has re-emerged as a result of the current epidemic of bovine spongiform encephalopathy in dairy cattle in Great Britain.

Stem cells are now derived not only from bone marrow but also from peripheral blood, cord blood, and fetal liver, greatly increasing their availability for human transplantation and in some cases (fetal tissues) obliterating the need to match donors and hosts.

ADP-ribosylating toxins have been the focus of intensive research for more than 30 years. Toxins which ADP-ribosylate heterotrimeric G-proteins involved in trans membrane signal transduction are the subject of the next two chapters.

Many RNA viruses have been known for decades to be genetically and biologically quite variable. This hypermutability of RNA replicons provides great biological adaptability for RNA virus genomes.

In this volume a comprehensive review of membrane proteinsthat regulate complement and perforin-mediated cytolysis ispresented.

A few months ago, at least 500 people developed shigellosis in northern France in an outbreak of Shigella sonnei infection due to accidental contamination of an urban water delivery system.

Although upstaged by the tragic appearance of the human immunodeficiency virus, herpes simplex viruses (HSV) types 1 and 2 continue to be major human pathogens against which we lack acceptable vaccines or other means of immunological control.

The aspects covered in this volume have been selected to provide an overview of subject areas that either have recently become much better understood or hold the promise of new levels of understanding as they are developed in the future.

Understanding neutralization is particularly relevant to an appreciation of the interaction between a virus and its antibody-synthesizing host since it is likely that viruses and the antibody system have evolved in response to reciprocally imposed selective pressures.

Cell adhesion is one of the most dynamic fields of biological research and presented in this book is the current knowledge on the structure and function of the major families of cell adhesion molecules-the integrins, the selectins, the immunoglobulin superfamily, and CD44.

RAMIG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MCCRAE . . . . . . . . . . . 31 . . PATTON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107 . . .

Measles, also called the greatest killer of children in history, still annually affects about 50 million individuals and causes close to a million deaths primarily in developing countries.

The last decade has seen an explosion in our understanding of how bacterial pathogens trick, cajole, usurp and parasitize their various hosts. The purpose of this volume is to introduce recent advances in understanding selected systems chosen from both plant and animal hosts of bacterial pathogens.

In recent years several different gene silencing phenomena have been discovered in plants. By providing a comparative update on gene silencing effects in different eukaryotes, this book should stimulate communication among scientists working in diverse areas of eukaryotic gene regulation.