Bücher der Reihe De Gruyter Textbook

This text offers a unique balance of theory and a variety of standard and new applications along with solved technology-aided problems. The book includes the fundamental mathematical theory, as well as a wide range of applications, numerical methods, projects, and technology-assisted problems and solutions in Maple, Mathematica, and MATLAB. Some of the applications are new, some are unique, and some are discussed in an essay. There is a variety of exercises which include True/False questions, questions that require proofs, and questions that require computations. The goal is to provide the student with is a solid foundation of the mathematical theory and an appreciation of some of the important real-life applications. Emphasis is given on geometry, matrix transformations, orthogonality, and least-squares. Designed for maximum flexibility, it is written for a one-semester/two semester course at the sophomore or junior level for students of mathematics or science.

This book is an introduction to machine learning, with a strong focus on the mathematics behind the standard algorithms and techniques in the field, aimed at senior undergraduates and early graduate students of Mathematics. There is a focus on well-known supervised machine learning algorithms, detailing the existing theory to provide some theoretical guarantees, featuring intuitive proofs and exposition of the material in a concise and precise manner. A broad set of topics is covered, giving an overview of the field. A summary of the topics covered is: statistical learning theory, approximation theory, linear models, kernel methods, Gaussian processes, deep neural networks, ensemble methods and unsupervised learning techniques, such as clustering and dimensionality reduction. This book is suited for students who are interested in entering the field, by preparing them to master the standard tools in Machine Learning. The reader will be equipped to understand the main theoretical questions of the current research and to engage with the field.

Organic Chemistry: 25 Must-Know Classes of Organic Compounds covers the main organic compounds. It includes aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, halide, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur-containing compounds. It presents heterocyclic compounds and common organic mechanisms and describes carbonyl compounds, organic polymers and organic molecules with applications in medicinal chemistry.

Water chemistry, water sources, water pollutants, and microbiological contaminants are all covered in the book. The basic concepts of water chemistry are well taught. Along with stormwater management and green infrastructure, the book also examines the theoretical underpinnings of a number of water treatment and analysis procedures. Graduate and advanced undergraduate students, environmental researchers, chemists, and lab technicians who work in water and environmental laboratories could all benefi t from this book. Chemical engineers and operators are the primary target audience for the majority of books on the market, thus both technicians and chemists can gain a lot from this book.

This book treats the elements of discrete mathematics that have important applications in computer science, thus providing the necessary tools for the reader to come to a competent mathematical judgement of modern developments in the age of information. Almost all assertions are shown with full proofs. Exercises are provided, with solutions presented in full detail.

This book is a basic textbook of comprehensive thermal science and energy utilization technologies, which is divided into two parts: Engineering Thermodynamics and Heat Transfer. Engineering Thermodynamics mainly introduces the basic concepts and laws of thermodynamics, thermophysical properties of commonly used working medium, analysis of typical thermal processes and cycles and ways to improve the cycle efficiency. Heat Transfer mainly introduces the basic laws of heat conduction, convection and radiation, together with the solving methods and technical measures to control the heat transfer process, and design and check methods for heat exchangers. This book absorbs the experience and advantages of similar textbooks, enriches the discussion of basic concepts and laws, and expands the scope of knowledge of thermal engineering. Whether the readers are students embarking on their academic journey or seasoned engineers seeking to enhance their understanding of thermal phenomena, "Thermal Engineering: Engineering Thermodynamics and Heat Transfer" is an indispensable resource that bridges theory with practice, offering invaluable insights into the complexities of thermal systems and their relevance to modern engineering challenges.

This textbook provides ample opportunities for practice and real experimental demonstrations. Conceptual understanding and mastering key techniques are enhanced by rigorous derivations, numerous worked examples, more than 300 exercises, about 150 problems and 16 computer codes. The preface summarizes all of the key concepts and formulas, along with a detailed schedule for teaching. The first three chapters introduce the quantum idea, wave-particle duality, operators and measurement. The Noether theorem is invoked to introduce the Schrödinger equation, followed by applications to infinite and finite quantum wells, quantum tunneling, harmonic oscillators, Heisenberg equation of motion, uncertainty principle, blackbody radiation and photoelectric effect. Chapters 4 and 5 are on angular momentum, the hydrogen atom and time-independent approximate methods. Chapters 6 and 7 are on spin and time-dependent perturbation theory. Chapters 8, 9 and 10 are on molecular orbitals, energy bands, quantum transport, scanning tunneling microscopy, lattice vibrations, Berry phase and quantum computing. The book is intended for a one-semester or one-year course and is also appropriate for researchers in related fields.

Micro and nano devices are an integral part of modern technology. To address the requirements of the state-of-the-art technology, topics are selected from both chip-based and flexible electronics. A wide range of carbon materials including graphene, carbon nanotube, glass-like carbon, porous carbon, carbon black, graphite, carbon nanofiber, laser-patterned carbon and heteroatom containing carbon are covered. This goal is to elucidate fundamental carbon material science along with compatible micro- and nanofabrication techniques. Real-life example of sensors, energy storage and generation devices, MEMS, NEMS and implantable bioelectronics enable visualization of the outcome of described processes. Students will also benefit from the attractive aspects of carbon science explained in simple terms. Hybridization, allotrope classification and microstructural models are presented with a whole new outlook. Discussions on less-studied, hypothetical and undiscovered carbon forms render the contents futuristic and highly appealing.

When the author began working on phosphors based on rare-earth elements, he lacked an introductory textbook that explained the fundamental chemistry, basic optical properties, and magnetic characteristics of lanthanide elements. This book provides a concise overview of the rare-earth elements and is divided into two parts. In the first part, the reader receives an overview of solid-state chemistry and fundamental physical properties of these elements. Key topics of the first part include the separation chemistry of lanthanides, their chemical behaviour and physical properties. Then relevant compound classes are illustrated, crystal structures are systematically explained. The second part focuses on the optical and magnetic properties on relevant examples, also discussing many applications. Students and researchers new to the topic of "Rare-Earth Elements" receive a comprehensive introduction to understand basic optical and magnetic properties and incentives for deeper studies.

This book provides an excellent platform for understanding the chemical processes involved in food transformation. Starting with the examination of major food components, such as water, carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and minerals, the author further introduces the biochemistry of digestion and energy metabolism of food ingredients. The last section of the book is devoted to modern food technologies and their future perspectives.

This book is an introduction to financial mathematics. It is intended for graduate students in mathematics and for researchers working in academia and industry. The focus on stochastic models in discrete time has two immediate benefits. First, the probabilistic machinery is simpler, and one can discuss right away some of the key problems in the theory of pricing and hedging of financial derivatives. Second, the paradigm of a complete financial market, where all derivatives admit a perfect hedge, becomes the exception rather than the rule. Thus, the need to confront the intrinsic risks arising from market incomleteness appears at a very early stage. The first part of the book contains a study of a simple one-period model, which also serves as a building block for later developments. Topics include the characterization of arbitrage-free markets, preferences on asset profiles, an introduction to equilibrium analysis, and monetary measures of financial risk. In the second part, the idea of dynamic hedging of contingent claims is developed in a multiperiod framework. Topics include martingale measures, pricing formulas for derivatives, American options, superhedging, and hedging strategies with minimal shortfall risk. This third revised and extended edition now contains more than one hundred exercises. It also includes new material on risk measures and the related issue of model uncertainty, in particular a new chapter on dynamic risk measures and new sections on robust utility maximization and on efficient hedging with convex risk measures.

Progress in low-dimensional topology has been very quick in the last three decades, leading to the solutions of many difficult problems. Among the earlier highlights of this period was Casson's I -invariant that was instrumental in proving the vanishing of the Rohlin invariant of homotopy 3-spheres. The proof of the three-dimensional Poincare conjecture has rendered this application moot but hardly made Casson's contribution less relevant: in fact, a lot of modern day topology, including a multitude of Floer homology theories, can be traced back to his I -invariant. The principal goal of this book, now in its second revised edition, remains providing an introduction to the low-dimensional topology and Casson's theory; it also reaches out, when appropriate, to more recent research topics. The book covers some classical material, such as Heegaard splittings, Dehn surgery, and invariants of knots and links. It then proceeds through the Kirby calculus and Rohlin's theorem to Casson's invariant and its applications, and concludes with a brief overview of recent developments. The book will be accessible to graduate students in mathematics and theoretical physics familiar with some elementary algebraic and differential topology, including the fundamental group, basic homology theory, transversality, and Poincare duality on manifolds.

Many nonlinear systems around us can generate a very complex and counter-intuitive dynamics that contrasts with their simplicity, but their understanding requires concepts that are outside the basic training of most science students. This textbook, which is the fruit of graduate courses that the authors have taught at their respective universities, provides a richly illustrated introduction to nonlinear dynamical systems and chaos and a solid foundation for this fascinating subject. It will satisfy those who want discover this field, including at the undergraduate level, but also those who need a compact and consistent overview, gathering the concepts essential to nonlinear scientists.The first and second chapters describe the essential concepts needed to describe nonlinear dynamical systems as well as their stability. The third chapter introduces the concept of bifurcation, where the qualitative dynamical behavior of a system changes. The fourth chapter deals with oscillations, from their birth to their destabilization, and how they respond to external driving. The fifth and sixth chapters discuss complex behaviors that only occur in state spaces of dimension three and higher: quasi-periodicity and chaos, from their general properties to quantitative methods of characterization. All chapters are supplemented by exercises ranging from direct applications of the notions introduced in the corresponding chapter to elaborate problems involving concepts from different chapters, as well as numerical explorations.

Industrial Chemistry examines the chemical processes performed in industry and looks at how they affect our livesby discussing the by-products, pollution/ waste generation, and attempts at making processes more ecologically friendly, or "greener". The author establishes connections between basic chemistry and the chemical processes that are used in real life. This 2nd Edition includes expanded and revised chapters, e.g. on fuel production.

This book may serve as a basis for students and teachers. The text should provide the reader with a quick overview of the basics for Optimal Control and the link with some important conceptes of applied mathematical, where an agent controls underlying dynamics to find the strategy optimizing some quantity. There are broad applications for optimal control across the natural and social sciences, and the finale to this text is an invitation to read current research on one such application. The balance of the text will prepare the reader to gain a solid understanding of the current research they read.

Introduces students to appropriate use of computer programming within the scientific disciplines using Python. Discusses several common applications of programming and implementation using real world examples and hands on programming exercises. Students learn how to model situations such as image recognition, medical diagnosis, spread of disease, and others. The text could be used by students and lecturers for courses in Python, Numerical Methods, or as a first course in Data Science.

In the two-volume set 'A Selection of Highlights' we present basics of mathematics in an exciting and pedagogically sound way. This volume examines fundamental results in Algebra and Number Theory along with their proofs and their history. In the second edition, we include additional material on perfect and triangular numbers. We also added new sections on elementary Group Theory, p-adic numbers, and Galois Theory. A true collection of mathematical gems in Algebra and Number Theory, including the integers, the reals, and the complex numbers, along with beautiful results from Galois Theory and associated geometric applications. Valuable for lecturers, teachers and students of mathematics as well as for all who are mathematically interested.

Basic Process Engineering Control is based on the extensive experience of theauthors in the field of industry, teaching and writing. The textbook showcasesmethods, problems, and tools used in this well-established fi eld of chemical engineering and goes beyond traditional process engineering by applying the same principles to biomedical processes, energy production, and management of environmental issues. Starting from the behavior of processes, Basic Process Engineering Control explains all determinations in "e;chemical systems"e; or "e;process systems"e;, such as the intricate inter dependency of the process stages, analyzing the hardware components of a control system, and the design of an appropriate control system for a process parameter or a whole process. Although mainly aimed at students and graduates, the book is equally interesting to chemical or process engineers in all industries or research and development centers. Readers will notice the similarity in approach from the system and control point of view between different fields, which might otherwise seem far from each other but share the same control philosophy.

The definitive guide to the game-theoretic and probabilistic underpinning for Bitcoin's security model. The book begins with an overview of probability and game theory. Nakamoto Consensus is discussed in both practical and theoretical terms. This volume: Describes attacks and exploits with mathematical justifications, including selfish mining. Identifies common assumptions such as the Market Fragility Hypothesis, establishing a framework for analyzing incentives to attack. Outlines the block reward schedule and economics of ASIC mining. Discusses how adoption by institutions would fundamentally change the security model. Analyzes incentives for double-spend and sabotage attacks via stock-flow models. Overviews coalitional game theory with applications to majority takeover attacks Presents Nash bargaining with application to unregulated environments This book is intended for students or researchers wanting to engage in a serious conversation about the future viability of Bitcoin as a decentralized, censorship-resistant, peer-to-peer electronic cash system.

The fully up-dated edition of the two-volume work covers both the theoretical foundation as well as the practical aspects. Presenting the complete insight into driving a chemical reaction provides a deep understanding for new potential technologies. Updated overview on devices and new key concepts of experimental procedures. Vol. 2: Applications.

This textbook introduces the elementary basics of hydrochemistry with special focus on reaction equilibria in aquatic systems and their mathematical description. Topics discussed in this textbook include: structure and properties of water, concentration measures and activities, colligative properties, basics of chemical equilibria, gas-water partitioning, acid/base reactions, precipitation/dissolution, calco-carbonic equilibrium, redox reactions, complex formation, and sorption. Examples within the text as well as problems to be solved by the reader support the acquisition of knowledge. Complete and detailed solutions to the problems are given in a separate chapter.

The fifth edition of this textbook has been completely revised and significantly extended in order to reflect the revolution of geodetic technologies, methods and applications during the last decade. The Global Geodetic Observing System established by the IAG utilizes a variety of techniques to determine the geometric shape of the earth and its kinematics, the variations of earth rotation, and the earth's gravity field. The societal importance of geodetic products was highlighted by the UN resolution on the Global Geodetic Reference Frame. In this context, both space and terrestrial techniques play a fundamental role. Recent space missions are monitoring climate-relevant processes such as mass transport in the Earth system and sea level changes. The analysis of the time variation of the geodetic products provides the link to neighboring geosciences and contributes to proper modelling of geodynamic processes. New satellite mission concepts and novel technologies such as quantum gravimetry and optical clocks show great potential to further improve the geodetic observing system in the future. The book especially addresses graduate students in the fields of geodesy, geophysics, surveying engineering, geomatics, and space navigation. It should also serve as a reference for geoscientists and engineers facing geodetic problems in their professional work. The book follows the principal directions of geodesy, providing the theoretical background as well as the principles of measurement and evaluation methods, which is enriched with numerous figures. An extensive reference list supports further studies.

The extensive use of little known electronic principles provides something like the Science of Electronics supplementing the Art of Electronics without involvement of too much theory. Whereas art can only be acquired by doing, the knowledge provided by science can be acquired from books. The ready availability of integrated circuits for practically any application reduces the art of electronics to the art of interfacing these integrated components. The practical knowledge required for that art can only be acquired by doing and not by reading. However, it takes a lot of knowledge to select the best integrated component for achieving a specific goal. Such knowledge is provided in this book. By using a holistic approach in the understanding of the various circuits and by taking ample advantage of the duality between the electrical quantities voltage and current, the understanding of the properties of electronic circuits is made easier. Besides, this approach reduces the amount of mathematics needed for a deeper understanding. Thus, this book is appropriate for scholars at the advanced undergraduate level. In particular, the important aspects of positive and negative feedback in circuits are presented in a compact way by introducing the reverse closed-loop-gain. It is quite clear that a single book cannot cover all aspects of both analog and digital electronics, the latter comprising all circuits needed for data manipulation in digital computers- which is a field in itself.

Nuclear chemistry represents a vital field of basic and applied research. In the 1st volume an introduction to the field is given including relevant parameters, modes of radioactivity, detection methods, and more. In the 2nd volume, modern applications are covered including analytical technologies, pharmaceutical and medical applications, and nuclear energy. The new editions have updated literature references and new material throughout.

understanding the mechanisms involved in liver regeneration is of crucial importance for clinical medicine, not only regarding carcinogenesis and diabetes treatment, but also for the use of stem cells for cell therapy and liver surgery. This graduate-level text provides an overview of the current state of knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of liver regeneration. Hepatic stem cells are introduced and the important players involved in regeneration such as oval cells, bone marrow and stellate cells are reviewed. The cell signaling pathways that initiate liver regeneration and regulate the switch between proliferation and apoptosis are presented and the role of liver stem cells in tumorigenesis is discussed. The book also treats the epigenetic regulation of liver stem cells and the roles of inflammation and angiogenesis in liver regeneration. This compact overview of the fascinating regenerative capacity of the liver will be of interest to graduate students and post-docs in molecular biology, biochemistry and medicine¿. istry and medicine¿.

Polymer Surface Characterization provides a comprehensive approach to the surface analysis of polymers of technological interest by means of modern analytical techniques. Basic principles, operative conditions, applications, performance, and limiting features are supplied, together with current advances in instrumental apparatus. Each chapter is devoted to one technique and is self-consistent; the end-of-chapter references would allow the reader a quick access to more detailed information.After an introductory chapter, techniques that can interrogate the very shallow depth of a polymer surface, spanning from the top few angstroms in secondary ions mass spectrometry to 2-10 nm in X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy are discussed, followed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and chapters on characterization by scanning probe microscopy, electron microscopies, wettability and spectroscopic ellipsometry.