Bücher der Reihe Oklahoma Notes

Updated, revised and organized, the new Second Editions in the Clinical Sciences Series reflect the format of the USMLE Step 2. You will also learn time-honored tricks of the trade,as well as the latest advances in clinical medicine: new diagnostic tools, new therapeutic interventions, and new pharmacologic options.

The information selected for inclusion in this volume of the Oklahoma Notes series remains true to the goal of the whole series-incorporating only that material vital in both the general clinical practice of medicine and to answer questions on the all-important United States Medical Licensing Examination.

Since 1975, the Oklahoma Notes have been among the most widely used reviews for medical students preparing for Step 1 of the United States Medical Licensing Examination. Completely revised and updated, these new editions of the Notes feature: More self- assessment questions, geared to the current USMLE format;

Updated, revised, and reorganized, the Second Editions in the Clinical Sciences reflect the format of the USMLE Step 2. You will also learn time-honored tricks of the trade, as well as the latest advances in clinical medicine: new diagnostic tools, new therapeutic interventions, and new pharmacologic options.

Since 1975, when the University of Oklahoma faculty created their review course for second-year medical students, the Oklahoma Notes have been among the most trusted and widely used reviews for the National Boards.

Each Oklahoma Notes book presents the core information of one segment of the medical school curriculum. Written by some of the most effective medical educators in the U.S., and now thoroughly updated and revised, the Oklahoma Notes feature: Concise text presented in outline format for rapid review;

Roberts Preface The following notes, originally known as Neuroanatomical Notations, were pre pared for the purpose of providing a quick review of some of the pertinent points that should be considered in refreshing your memory of Neuroanatomy.

Since 1975, the Oklahoma Notes have been among the most widely used reviews for medical students preparing for Step 1 of the United States Medical Licensing Examination. OKN: Anatomy takes a unified approach to the subject, covering Embryology, Neuroanatomy, Histology, and Gross Anatomy.

This guide aims to provide techniques that aid medical students in their understanding, analysis and recollection of study material. Topics discussed include taking notes, time management, problem-solving, stress management, organization, working in study groups and preparing for exams.

Chapter three presents patient management in detail so that in the later chapters, as disorders are being pre sented, the student can have the management strategies clearly in mind. Chapter fourteen focuses on special issues in the practice of psychiatry such as sleep issues, forensic psychiatry, AIDS, etc.

This review covers the major systems of human physiology. "single best answer" questions, for which you choose the single best answer, and "multiple correct answer" questions, for which you choose the one or more correct alternatives.

This book was prepared to present an integrated review of selected topics in Human Embryology. It is designed specifically for students who completed stan- dard courses in the various anatomical disciplines and who wish to review the developmental history of the major organ systems. This book will provide medical students with a highly suitable review for Step 1 of the United States Medical Licensing Exam (USMLE, Step 1). R. E. Coalson J. J. Tomasek Acknowledgments We wish to acknowledge the invaluable assistance provided by our colleagues at the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center during preparation of this review. In particular, we would like to thank Ms. Nancy Halliday for proofread- ing, Mr. Shawn Schlinke for preparation of the illustrations, Mr. Melville Vaughan for assistance with mounting the illustrations, and Ms. Trenda Tanner for assis- tance with the typing. Contents Preface to the Oklahoma Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viii 1. Gametogenesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2. Female Reproductive Cycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 3. Fertilization and Pregnancy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 4. Implantation and Formation of the Deciduae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 5. Formation of the Placenta . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 6. Fetal Membranes and Umbilical Cord . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 7. Early Development of the Conceptus 26 8. Development of General Body Form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 9. Nervous System. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 10. Musculoskeletal System . . . . . . . . . . . :. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 11. Integumentary System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 12. Oral Cavity and Development of the Branchial Apparatus . . . . . . . . 62 13. Differentiation of the Branchial Apparatus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 14. Face and Palate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 15. Digestive System and Mesenteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 16. Diaphragm and Body Cavities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 17. Respiratory System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .