Bücher der Reihe Philosophical Studies Series

The author develops an account of what moral principles are sound, how we can apply them to complex situations, and what makes it reasonable to treat individuals in accordance with particular moral principles. Most such authors state some general principles, but say little about why these principles should be accepted.

In Cooperation, A Philosophical Study, Tuomela offers the first comprehensive philosophical theory of cooperation. It also shows some of the drawbacks of the standard game-theoretical treatments of cooperation and presents a survey of cooperation research in neighbouring fields.

One of the most basic themes in the philosophy of language is referential uptake, viz., the question of what counts as properly `understanding' a referring act in communication.

As usual, the Proceedings of the International Colloquium on Cognitive Science include leading-edge work by outstanding researchers in the field.

Philosophical theories of emotions, and to an extent some theories of scientific psychology, represent attempts to capture the essence of emotions basically as they are conceived in common sense psychology. It is incumbent on a theory of emotions to provide an account of two salient facts about emotions as conceived in common sense psychology.

I: BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH OF REID Thomas Reid (1710-96) was born at Strachan in Kincardineshire, Scotland, not far from Aberdeen. Reid entered Marischal College, Aberdeen, at the age of twelve after the usual spell in Aberdeen Grammar School.

Proceedings of the Fourth International Colloquium on Cognitive Science (ICCS-95)

Proceedings of the Second International Colloquium on Cognitive Science

Aristotle's Idea of the Soul considers the nature of the soul within Aristotle's psychology and natural philosophy. It is argued that Aristotle comes by this idea of the soul because his hylomorphism casts the soul as a property and his causal doctrine presents it as a causal agent and thereby as a thing.

Emotion in Aesthetics is the first book on aesthetics to provide an extensive theory of emotion; a well-developed naturalistic theory of ethics as applied to aesthetics and emotion. As a result there is still much confusion in aesthetics about aesthetic emotion and related concepts, such as the expression theory of emotion.

The final chapters explore in detail the implications of Moore's theory for individual moral conduct -- in particular, his denial of self-evident moral rules; and his account of what moral agents should do in situations where such rules apply and in situations where they do not.

In the cognitive area, an original epistemic argument is presented which implies that certain haecceities can be grasped by a person: his own, those of certain of his mental states, and those of various abstracta, but not those of external things.

Philosophy of Probability provides a comprehensive introduction to theoretical issues that occupy a central position in disciplines ranging from philosophy of mind and epistemology to cognitive science, decision theory and artificial intelligence.

This essay is the product of years of distaste for, and dissatisfaction with, the efforts of moral philosophers. Generally speaking, philosophy, and, in particular, moral philosophy, is too hard fot philosophers.

Moreover, it seems we have good reasons to believe that the content of our beliefs and desires derives its normative import qua normative import from the objects of our beliefs and desires.

When we ask whether something exists, we expect a yes or no answer, not a further query about what kind of existence, how much of it, whether we mean existence for you or existence for me, or whether we are asking about some property which it might have.

According to those theologians, man's actions are determined but man retains the power to act otherwise and therefore is responsible for his actions. Savage challenges the dogma that Leibniz's metaphysical principles entail that individuals are powerless to act otherwise and that God cannot conceive of them acting otherwise.

This sharply focused monograph thus has a dual aim: coping with a crucial problem that turns out to be a lot tougher than is generally supposed, and presenting a precise and rigorous demonstration of an unfamiliar and exciting philosophical approach.

The fathers of analytic philosophy - Moore and Russell - were in no doubt that ontology or metaphysics as well as the topics oflanguage, truth and logic constituted the core subject-matter of their "analytic realism", 1 for the task of metaphysics as they conceived things was the description of 2 the world.

Topics addressed include: the place of a priori inquiry in philosophy of mind, moral psychology, consciousness, social dimensions of intentionality, the relation of logic to philosophical psychology, objectivity and the mind, and privileged access.

Gottlob Frege's UEber Sinn und Bedeutung (`On Sense and Reference'), has come to be seen, in the century since its publication in 1892, as one of the seminal texts of analytic philosophy.

Introductory remarks 1 Plato, but not Socrates, concluded that the Forms are substances. With his defense of Socrates's method of intellectual inquiry, and the development of his Theory of Forms, Plato caused a now familiar cluster of metaphysical and epistemological issues to become central to philosophy.

It goes on to offer a new way to group the dialogues, based on important facts in the lives and philosophical practices of Socrates - the main speaker in most of Plato's dialogues - and of Plato himself.

The conference succeeded in bringing together a wide range of essays that dealt with most of the central questions of moral philosophy today, in both normative ethics and meta-ethics, theoretical and applied ethics, and especially in moral psychology.

According to truth-conditional semantics, to explain the meaning of a statement is to specify the conditions necessary and sufficient for its truth. in attitudinal semantics the object of inquiry is a propositional attitude such as "Speaker so-and-so thinks grass is green".

In the following chapters, I offer an evolutionary account of morality and from that extrapolate a version of contractarianism I call consent theory.

Including 18 contributions, this volume deals with central questions of environmental ethics, bioethics and medical ethics, professional and business ethics, social, political, and legal ethics as well as with the aims and foundations of applied ethics in general.