Bücher der Reihe Routledge Research in EU Law

This book offers a comparative study of the structure of the local government in the countries within the European Union from a public law perspective. The book provides a detailed analysis of the state of local government in fifteen Member States: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Finland, France, Greece, Germany, Hungary, Italy, The Netherlands, Poland, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, and UK.In presenting such a wide-ranging survey, the book draws out the main trends of local government in Europe and outlines the elements of convergence and divergence between the Member States. The book also evaluates the impact of the European integration on the structure of the local government at national level, and argues that it is possible to view local government as the `fourth level¿ of the EU multi-layered constitution.

The existence of a structured enforcement system is an inherent feature of national legal orders and one of the core elements of State sovereignty. The very limited power to issue sanctions has often been deemed a gap in the EC legal order. Over the years, the situation has progressively changed. The Union's institutional setting is growing in complexity and a variety of agencies has been or is expected to be endowed with law enforcement responsibilities. In addition, the so-called competence creep has led the EU to play an increasingly prominent role in several areas of EU law enforcement, including the issuing of sanctions.This book examines these developments, focusing on both the general features of the EU legal order and the analysis of key-substantive areas, such as banking and monetary union, environmental law, and data protection. The work thus presents a general framework for understanding EU sanctioning based on structural features and general legal principles. Part I develops an analytical framework, tracking the most significant evolutive patterns of EU sanctioning powers. Part II adopts a more practical approach focusing on specific issues and policy areas. The book bridges a gap in existing literature and sheds new light on the relationship between the exercise of jus puniendi and the evolution of EU integration.

This book presents a collection of essays on key topics and new perspectives on the EU¿s Area of Freedom, Security and Justice (AFSJ).As the AFSJ becomes more and more intertwined with `mainstream¿ EU law, this edited collection provides a timely analysis of the merger between the two. Showcasing a selection of work from key thinkers in this field, the book is organised around the major AFSJ themes of crime, security, border control, civil law cooperation and important `metä issues of governance and constitutional law.

This book presents a collection of essays on key topics and new perspectives on the EU¿s Area of Freedom, Security and Justice (AFSJ).As the AFSJ becomes more and more intertwined with `mainstream¿ EU law, this edited collection provides a timely analysis of the merger between the two. Showcasing a selection of work from key thinkers in this field, the book is organised around the major AFSJ themes of crime, security, border control, civil law cooperation and important `metä issues of governance and constitutional law.

This book offers a review of the significance of EU criminal law and crime policy as a rapidly emerging phenomenon in European law and governance. Bringing together an international set of contributors, the book questions the nature, role and objectives of 'criminal law', its relationship with other areas of EU policy and law, and the established rules of criminal law and criminal justice at the Member State level.

This book analyses the Habitats Directive; one of the most prominent piece of EU environmental legislation of the past decades. In light of the limited success and the contested nature of the Habitats Directive so far this book examines the successes and failures of the Habitats Directive from a legal and political angle. The book brings together international experts to consider the application, implementation and future of the Habitats Directive in order to assess whether the Habitats Directive is resilient enough to tackle biodiversity loss in the twenty- first century.

This book provides a range of perspectives from some of the leading environmental academics and practitioners active in Europe today on some of the most pressing contemporary challenges in EU environmental law and governance. The book considers issues such as climate change, the challenge of integrating environmental considerations into other policy areas, and improving environmental enforcement within the EU. The book contains contributions from experts in the field including Mary Robinson, Alan Boyle, Ludwig Kramer and Liam Cashman, and will be of interest to academics, students and practitioners of EU environmental law.

This book offers a comparative study of the structure of the local government in the countries within the European Union from a public law perspective. The book provides a detailed analysis of the state of local government in fifteen Member States: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Finland, France, Greece, Germany, Hungary, Italy, The Netherlands, Poland, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, and UK.In presenting such a wide-ranging survey, the book draws out the main trends of local government in Europe and outlines the elements of convergence and divergence between the Member States. The book also evaluates the impact of the European integration on the structure of the local government at national level, and argues that it is possible to view local government as the `fourth level¿ of the EU multi-layered constitution.

The book explores the phenomenon of application of EU law beyond the EU borders. It considers the legal and institutional foundations of the extraterritorial application of EU law in third countries. It also analyses the results of legal approximation and regulatory convergence with regard to the EU¿s eastern neighbours, the countries of the Eastern Partnership and Russia. The conclusions reached are highly informative as to the effectiveness of present and future EU external regional policies aimed at the promotion of EU common values and EU legislation into the legal orders of third countries.

Turkey's accession to the European Union is one of the Union's most contested potential enlargements. The narrative that dominates the debate surrounding this issue primarily relates to problems such as a lack of respect for fundamental human rights in Turkey, and the stalemate concerning northern Cyprus. This book looks at these issues.

Examines the European Strategy for Employment (EES) and its implementation through the Open Method of Coordination. This book explores what the EES reveals about developments in EU social governance, offering various insights and fresh perspectives into the operation of New Governance and its relationship with law and constitutionalism.

Takes stock of the development of criminal law in the context of the EC and the EU. This book examines whether this has led to a European criminal policy, and interrogates the legal effects that European-level initiatives in the field have on national criminal law and on suspects.

Article 226 EC is the central mechanism of enforcement in the EC Treaty. This book examines Article 226 in the light of contemporary debates including concepts such as democracy, legitimacy, good administration and good governance in the EU.

Examines the development and the role of human rights in the European Union, arguing that human rights have become an important component of the foreign policy of the European Union. This book analyses the EU's policy on minorities, as a particular example of human rights.

Takes a fresh look at the Common Foreign and Security Policy of the EU. Looking at the Euro-Mediterranean Partnership and migration, this book explores how the CFSP contributes to a system of governance in the EU, and is a means by which the EU's goals can be articulated and met.

This book examines different legal systems and analyses how the judge in each of them performs a meaningful review of the proportional use of discretionary powers by public bodies.

The relationship between environmentally sustainable development and company and business law has emerged in recent years as a matter of major concern for many scholars, policy-makers, businesses and nongovernmental organisations. This book offers a conceptual analysis of the principles of sustainable development and environmental integration in the EU legal system. It particularly focuses on Article 11 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU), which states that EU activities must integrate environmental protection requirements and emphasise the promotion of sustainable development.

Based in part on the author's thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Birmingham, 2010.