Bücher der Reihe Schriften zum Öffentlichen Recht

»Publicity of Municipal Sessions and its Exceptions. Need for Justification or Privacy as a General Rule«: In her work, the author analyzes origin, role, reach, and limitations of the constitutional prinicpal of publicity of sessions for meetings of municipal councils. Considering differences between the German states, organizational requirements of such sessions are examined. Based on a definition of publicity of session, it is analyzed whether there is a violation against it, and what could be legal consequences.

»The Civil Service of the Direct Federal Administration in the Budget Cycle. A Budgetary Law Study with Special Consideration of the Civil Servant Relationships and the Employment Relationships of the Federation«: The thesis contains a systematic jurisprudential analysis of where and how the public service gains importance in the budget cycle and which budgetary law implications arise for civil servant and employment relationships. To this end, the individual phases of the cycle - the preparation, execution and control of the budget - are examined one after the other. This is preceded by a brief overview of the civil service, which lays the foundations for the following analysis.

»The Organizational and Procedural Law of the German Chamber of Industry and Commerce. An Interdisciplinary Study with Insights of Organizational Sociology«: This study was prompted by evidence of indifference among CCI members in Germany. It suggested a dysfunctional understanding of the judicial system as well as persisting social problems. When examining the relationship between CCI's central administrative task and its organizational design questioned the positive reputation of CCI. The problems of a lack of oversight and competence, especially pronounced in compulsory associations, has yet to be recognized as a critical factor in organizing.

»Duties of Protection and Rights of Defence by the Example of Nitrogen Dioxide Immissions in Road Traffic. A Constitutional Doctrine Analysis«: Limit values for nitrogen dioxide due to road traffic have been exceeded for years. This exceedance increases the risks to people's health in big cities. Marlon Geise deals with the field of tension between rights of liberty and needs for protection in German constitutional law. In conclusion, he ascertains the violation of defence rights by the state in 2020.

»Foreign telecommunications surveillance by the German Federal Intelligence Service«: The German Federal Intelligence Service surveils foreign telecommunications by analyzing content and metadata on a mass scale. The study points out that the Basic Law also protects foreigners not residing on German territory. Furthermore, it discusses how the strategic surveillance that is not based on specific grounds and only limited by the purpose pursued can by justified in the light of Art. 10 of the Basic Law protecting the confidentiality of individual communications and Art. 8 ECHR.

»Animal Welfare Versus Commercial Animal Use. Commercial Use of Animals Outside Agriculture«: The forms of commercial animal use beyond agriculture are diverse. This includes, for example, circuses and working with film animals. However, the associated animal welfare problems have so far not been discussed in great detail. The authorities work mainly with non-binding expert opinions instead of legal regulations. The various instruments of the executive branch in this area will be dealt with, as well as possible new perspectives for animal protection law - and its limits.

»The Social Reference of Freedom of Property. A Consideration of the Federal Constitutional Court's Interpretation of Fundamental Rights in the Face of the Statutory Coal Phaseout«: The social reference is a central argumentation figure within the Federal Constitutional Court's jurisprudence on the property guarantee of Article 14 GG. The thesis defines the concept of social reference on the basis of a case law analysis, analyzes its legal implications for the protection of property, and illustrates it by means of an example using the Coal-fired Power Generation Termination Act.

»Positive And Negative Freedom Of Fundamental Rights«: The terms positive and negative freedom are usually used to summarize the basic legal protection of actions and omissions. Negative freedom is regularly understood as a mirror image of positive freedom. This thesis examines the basic legal protection of behavior understood by these terms, in particular the symmetry of positive and negative freedom. To this end, she analyzes the fundamental rights theoretical premises and fundamental rights dogmatic dimensions of this teaching.

»The Joint Committee in the Constitutional System of Separation of Powers. A Classification of the Special Constitutional Body in the Constitutional Dogmatics of the Separation of Powers under Article 20 para. 2 sentence 2 GG«: The thesis deals with the 48-member Joint Committee, which replaces the Bundestag and Bundesrat in the defense case, and with the question of whether it satisfies the constitutional requirements of the separation of powers. In this sense, the work develops a standard of separation of powers and creates an understanding of the tensions between separation and intertwining of powers and between control and effectiveness, in which the Joint Committee acts as a compromise solution.

»Right, Capacity and Selection. Constitutional Issues Regarding Admission to Public Universities. A Contribution to the Freedom-Based Understanding of the Right to Participate under Article 12 (1) Sentence 1 Alternative 3 of the German Constitution«: This thesis examines the field of tension between the often conflicting rights and other values of constitutional rank with regard to university admissions. In particular, the possibilities and limits for government actions are shown. Since the legal doctrine established by the Federal Constitutional Court of the Federal Republic of Germany shows flaws in several aspects, the author devises a coherent legal doctrine regarding this matter.

»The Federal Constitutional Court as a Super Appellate Court in Child Law? At the same Time, a Contribution to the Discussion about the Control Competence over Specialized Courts«: The dissertation examines the control activities of the Federal Constitutional Court in constitutional complaints in child law cases. Based on the dogmatic models of control competence represented in the literature, the work examines the actual decision-making behavior of the court and then devotes itself to the determination of control limits with recourse to functional-legal arguments.

»The Guiding Principle of Group Sovereignty Pursued by >Gender Parity Election Proposal Regulation< in the Light of the Constitutional Principle of Democracy«: Gender parity election proposal regulations continue to be the (not only) legal-political means of choice to achieve the goal of equal representation of women and men in representative bodies. The thesis closes an existing gap in this context. It concentrates on the questions of democratic theory raised by such laws and fathoms out the reference point of democratic representation in light of the independent significance of the constitutional principle of democracy as well as its political idea of freedom and equality.

»Universal Institute >Building encumbrance A Normative Examination with Reference to the Heritable Building Right«: Urbanization, shortage of building land, housing shortage - a development that confronts us with the question of optimized use of land. In order to make legal provisions in the area of building law more flexible, the German model building code allows the use of a building encumbrance under public law, comparable to an easement. In principle, the land owner assumes the encumbrance. But what influence does a heritable building right have in this matter? The lack of regulation creates a need for action.

»Administrative Automation under the Act to Modernise the Taxation Procedure. Definition, Legal Nature and Delimitation of Fully Automated Administrative Acts within the Terms of §§ 35a VwVfG, 31a SGB X and 155 para. 4 AO, as well as Constitutional, Procedural and EU Law Assessment of Fully Automated Administrative Procedures, Taking into Account Administrative Discretionary Powers«: The study examines fully automated administrative acts in the AO, VwVfG and SGB X. In addition to a definition and delimitation of the legal institution, a legal framework of automation under constitutional, procedural and EU law is elaborated and specific implementation requirements are formulated. At the same time, differentiated criteria are developed with regard to the permissible use of self-learning algorithms and the exercise of administrative discretionary powers by algorithms.

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»The Supervisory Board in Fully or Partially State-Owned Corporations«: If the state holds shares in a company, conflicts may arise between corporate law and public law, in particular constitutional law. This paper examines the questions that arise from these conflicts with regard to the formation and composition of the supervisory board and the legal status of the members of the supervisory board in fully or partially state-owned companies.

»Rent Regulation and Constitutional Law. Especially Regarding the Question of the Admissibility of a Rental Stop«: The thesis analyses the legislative competence for public rental control especially based on the rent cap introduced in Berlin. The ruling of the Federal Constitutional Court on the rent cap in Berlin is analysed and reviewed in a critical way. The thesis also investigates the compatibility of a rental stop with basic rights, particularly the limits which result from Art. 14 of the German Constitution. Finally the thesis presents a proposal how to introduce a rental stop.

»Subjectivity to Fundamental Rights within the State Body«: The discourse on fundamental rights of state-supported legal entities gathers momentum again in the light of German nuclear- and coal-based energy exit plans. The thesis takes this as an opportunity to critically assess the Federal Constitutional Court's case law. It argues for a reorientation of the interpretation of Article 19 (3) of the German Constitution on the basis of the typical risk situation of state-supported entities, which ensures connectivity in the European multi-level system.

»Constitutional Legitimacy, Competency Limitations and Limits imposed by the Separation of Powers with Regard to Administrative Agreements in a Federal State. Derivation and Contouring of a Limited Sovereignty for Gubernative Cooperation«: Intra-federal cooperation between the Federation and the Laender has been common for decades, but at the same time it is very problematic from a legal point of view. The thesis identifies a right to cooperation rooted in the executive power of the governments of the Federation and the Laender. On this basis, the thesis develops three groups of administrative agreements in order to show the limits in terms of competences and, in particular, in terms of the division of powers.

»The Fundamental Rights-Creating Power. Proposal for a Methodology for the Examination of the Creation of New Fundamental Rights by the Constitutional Courts«: The creation of new fundamental rights by the >fundamental rights-creating power< raises important problems and challenges for doctrine. So far, the dogmatic has not addressed these problems, although they are of great importance not only in theory, but also in practice. In order to avoid a disproportionate expansion of the catalog of fundamental rights and the establishment of unnecessary or practically ineffective fundamental rights, constitutional courts must have a specific methodology.

»Third-Party Protection in Party Financing Law. An Examination of the Origins, Possibilities, Opportunities and Consequences of Third-Party Protection of Simple-Law Regulations in the Area of State Party Financing as a Legal Instrument for Resolving Conflicts Between Political Parties and the State«: This paper answers the question of whether political parties have the subjective right to take legal action to have the Bundestag administration sanction other competing parties under the Political Parties Act or to have the state party funding subsequently corrected to their detriment. To this end, the legal criterion of so-called third-party protection is elaborated from party financing law norms, tested procedurally and examined for legal and actual limits.

»The Commissioner as a Legal Figure. Development, Analysis and Reorganization of the Federal Government Commissioners and Federal Commissioners«: Commissioners are found in both legal and, increasingly, non-legal areas. This paper analyses the role of Federal Government Commissioners and Federal Commissioners. It focuses on their tasks, powers, independence and organisational structures as well as the legal basis for their appointment. It also describes the problems for the democratic rule of law that result from the creation of the Commissioners. The main aim of this thesis is to find out whether the legal basis of the Commissioner should be reformed.

»Advice as an Instrument of Municipal Supervision«: Municipal supervision usually takes place through informal consultation. In this way, the supervisory authorities can provide precautionary support or subsequently encourage self-correction and thus avoid the use of formal, repressive means of supervision. The treatise states, among other things: clarified whether there is a right to advice and how far this may extend. Taking into account the results of an empirical social study, recommendations for action for municipal practitioners are developed.