Bücher der Reihe Schriften zum Wirtschaftsrecht

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»Criminal Asset Recovery as a Template for Antitrust Law«: The author examines current antitrust civil and civil procedural law and comes to the conclusion that the existing instruments are not suitable for meeting the expectations placed on antitrust damages proceedings. He therefore advocates adopting the 2017 reform of criminal law confiscation of proceeds of crime into antitrust law. This would result in more effective and efficient compensation for injured parties.

»Shareholder Loans in the Context of Private Equity Transactions«: The granting of shareholder loans plays an important role in the context of leveraged private equity transactions and becomes particularly significant in the event of the company's insolvency. On the basis of the systematics of shareholder loan law and the statutory level of creditor protection, the paper explores the limits of any special treatment of shareholder loans in leveraged private equity transactions under insolvency law, taking a look at the typical practical constellations.

»Investment Control in Foreign Trade Law«: Investment control has experienced a considerable increase in importance in M&A transactions, as it has been constantly adapted to real economic conditions and successively tightened. The result is a partially inconsistent review regime that contains value contradictions and creates legal uncertainties. In a comprehensive approach, this doctoral thesis analyzes the problems of the current investment control regime and states concrete reform proposals.

»The Continuation of the Insolvent Airline under German Insolvency Law«: Insolvencies of airlines have caused quite a stir in recent years. But why do crises occur in an industry that, apart from global pandemics, should actually promise profitability and performance? Can the continuation and reorganisation of the company under German insolvency law succeed in a meaningful way, and if so, how? This thesis examines these questions at the interface between insolvency and aviation law.

»Post-Contractual Non-Compete Covenants for Shareholder Managing Directors of German Limited Liability Companies from an Employment-Law and Corporate-Law Perspective. Analysis of Applicable Legal Frameworks and Statutory Limitations with a Focus on Compensation Obligations and Maximum Permissible Term«: Companies and individuals face legal ambiguities under German law when drafting post-contractual non-compete covenants for directors of limited liability companies. The author aims to reduce these ambiguities by examining the dogmatic background of the applicable law. Focussing on the maximum duration of post-contractual non-compete covenants as well as compensation obligations, the dissertation applies principles of civil and constitutional law and deduces specific requirements.

Der Autor beschäftigt sich schwerpunktmäßig mit Empfehlungen von privaten Standesorganisationen sowie deren Vereinbarkeit mit dem deutschen und europäischen Kartellrecht. Andreas J. Boos zeigt, dass viele berufsrechtliche Wettbewerbsbeschränkungen gegen das bislang kaum beachtete Empfehlungsverbot des § 22 GWB verstoßen.Auch wenn nach Auffassung des Verfassers die Grenzen zwischen staatlich noch legitimierten Wettbewerbsbeschränkungen und Verstößen gegen kartellrechtliche Verbote sehr eng zu ziehen sind, so wird damit keinesfalls das gesamte Standeswesen in Frage gestellt. Dies gilt auch in Hinblick auf den von vielen Standesvertretern gefürchteten zunehmenden Einfluss der Europäischen Kommission als Hüterin eines wettbewerbsorientierten Binnenmarktes. Es kann allerdings nicht ausgeschlossen werden, dass auf das eine oder andere Standesprivileg in Zukunft verzichtet werden muss.Neben allgemeinen Ausführungen zum Spannungsverhältnis zwischen dem Standesrecht der Freien Berufe und dem Kartellrecht werden zwei konkrete Beispiele aus der privatärztlichen Gebührenliquidation untersucht: Beinahe jeder Arzt verlangt von seinen Privatpatienten eine um den Faktor 2,3 erhöhte Vergütung (sog. Schwellenwert) für die im Gebührenverzeichnis der GOÄ enthaltenen Leistungen. Auch im Bereich der sog. Analogbewertungen für Leistungen, die (noch) nicht in die veraltete Gebührenordnung aufgenommen wurden, ist ein weit verbreitetes gleichförmiges Abrechungsverhalten der Ärzte zu beobachten. Dabei kommt Andreas J. Boos zu dem Ergebnis, dass viele der bei zahlreichen ärztlichen Berufsverbänden recherchierten Abrechnungsempfehlungen mit einheitlichen Schwellenwerten und Analogziffern gegen das kartellrechtliche Empfehlungsverbot verstoßen.

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»Indirect Shareholdings in Merger Control. On the Assumption of Economic Risk in the Field of Tension Between Merger and Pre-Merger Control Using the Example of Warehousing«On the basis of the current decision practice of the European Commission on so-called warehousing, this dissertation examines the scope of the standstill obligation of European merger control. In doing so this thesis focusses on the question whether the European Merger Regulation (EUMR), like the German merger control regime, is designed to cover the preparation of an acquisition of control and what consequences arise from such a »pre-merger control« for the practice of company acquisitions.

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»Admissibility of a Reduction of the Consequence of Nullity under Antitrust law that Preserves the Validity of the Agreement«: The author approaches the question of the compatibility of a validity-preserving reduction with the consequence of nullity under antitrust law from various perspectives, which both reflect the interplay between European and national antitrust prohibition and include general civil law, damages and fine law considerations. In doing so, the author draws on classical legal methods of interpretation, comparative law, and legal economic considerations.

»Abusive Conduct on Digital Markets«: In the recent past, digital business models have increasingly become the focus of antitrust control. This has revealed that antitrust law, which is influenced by the understanding of bilateral business relationships, is confronted with various challenges. Following the classical differentiation between exploitative and exclusionary conduct, the author examines whether the provisions on abuse under German and European antitrust law are capable of dealing with the economic findings on multi-sided markets as well as with the features that characterize digital markets in general, and how conduct on digital markets that raises competition concerns can be integrated into the casuistic classification of conduct. A special focus is placed on the misuse of conditions, tying and refusal to deal; special attention is also paid to the problem of leveraging prevalent on digital markets.

»Applicability of Arbitration Agreements to Antitrust Damages Claims«: When arbitrating competition law disputes, party-appointed arbitrators rule on a legal right that protects the market and therefore serves the public interest and is relevant to society as a whole. The study examines from a comparative law perspective how the tension between private autonomy and the requirements of the rule of law for the arbitral enforcement of competition law can be resolved, taking German law, EU law and US law into account.

»Protection Against Imitation under Unfair Competition Law after Expiry of Patent Protection«: If the patent protection of a product expires, competitors of the original manufacturer can imitate it - if it were not for the protection of imitation under unfair competition law. The book discusses the contradiction of the temporal succession of the patent and protection under Sec. 4 No. 3 UWG, which was the basis of the BGH decisions »Exzenterzähne« and »Bodendübel«. The author includes a comparison with the US protection of trade dress as well as a legal economic analysis in the discussion.

»The assumption of responsibility of the managing director of a GmbH for the insolvency risk of the creditors through the claim in the regular insolvency proceedings«: The thesis deals with the question to what extent the liability risk of the managing director in the insolvency of a GmbH serves or should serve to reduce the insolvency risk of the unsecured creditors. The study shows that the regulations on the assumption of risk in German corporate and insolvency law, in particular § 64 GmbHG a.F. and § 15a InsO, must be harmonized so that the managing director is only liable for the insolvency risk of the unsecured creditors for which he is responsible.

»Data Protection and Competition Law«: The book examines the overlaps between antitrust law and data protection concerns. The focus is on the Facebook proceedings of the German Federal Cartel Office, which considers data protection violations to be prosecutable by means of antitrust law. It is difficult to draw the line between the two areas of law. Fabian Uebele examines their interplay and shows synergies between the two areas of law. He thus makes a contribution to the law on the regulation of online platforms.

»The Contestation Privilege According to Section 142 of the German Insolvency Code under the New Contestation Law«: The Act to Improve Legal Certainty in Respect of Insolvency Contestation of March 29, 2017 made selective adjustments to the contestation law. The legislator has only partially met its goal of eliminating previously existing questions of doubt and creating legal certainty. With his work, the author attempts to address remaining and newly emerged uncertainties, particularly with regard to the »Bargeschäft«-privilege pursuant to Section 142 InsO.

»The Obligations of Pursuing an Economic Activity in the Event of Private Insolvency«: The German insolvency act grants a right to debt relief only to debtors who have acted in good faith. This requires that the debtor pursues an appropriate economic activity or seeks work This raises the question what does »appropriate« mean and when is a debtor's effort to find a job sufficient? The thesis systematizes the obligations of pursuing an economic actity in the event of an individual's insolvency, elaborates their dogmatic foundations and solves specific practical problems.

»The Use of Automatic and Intelligent Agents in the Financial Services Sector. A Regulatory and Civil Law Assessment Based on the Example of so-called Robo-Advisors«The financial sector is particularly affected by digitalization. Many financial services providers are using automated and intelligent agents. The thesis uses the example of so-called robo-advisors, i.e. digital investment advisors and asset managers, to address problems that arise in the areas of civil and regulatory law and offers possible solutions both on the basis of existing law and by way of proposed reforms.