Bücher der Reihe Springer Proceedings in Physics

The Conference also included both theoretical ideas on optical computer archit.ecture and intrinsic OB circuit elements such as as full adder as well as t.he first demonstration of an intrinsic optical circuit in the form of a cas cadable loop with bufferd st.ores.

String theories seem to have created a breakthrough in theoretical physics. This, according to theorist Stephen Hawking, will mark the end of theoretical physics as we have known it, since we will then have a single consistent theory within which to explain all natural phenomena from elementary particles to galactic superclusters.

These proceedings, of the 1997 workshop, comprise three parts that deal with new algorithms, methods of analysis, and conceptual developments. The second of the proceedings is devoted to invited papers on quantum systems, including new results for strongly correlated electron and quantum spin models.

This status report features the most recent developments in the field, spanning a wide range of topical areas in the computer simulation of condensed matter/materials physics.

More than a decade ago, because of the phenomenal growth in the power of computer simulations, The University of Georgia formed the first institutional unit devoted to the use of simulations in research and teaching: The Center for Simulational Physics.

The first section contains invited papers that deal with simulational studies of classical systems. The second section of the proceedings is devoted to invited papers on quantum systems, including new results for strongly correlated electron and quantum spin models.

The 3rd International Conference on Ion Formation from Organic Solids (IFOS III) was held at the University of Munster, September 16-18, 1985. Some emphasis was placed on recent developments in time-of-flight and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and its impact on the mass spectrometry of involatile materials.

The contributionsto this volume clearly summarize, in terms of the standardmodel of elementary particles, the present understanding ofhigh-energy physics and present an outlook how to go beyondthis standard model.

Membranes composed of amphiphilic molecules are highlyflexible surfaces that determine the architecture ofbiological systems and provide a basic structural elementfor complex fluids such as microemulsions.

The work contained in this volume is representative of the presentations made by the participants at the Fifth International Conference on Time-Resolved Vibra tional Spectroscopy, which was held at Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan, from June 3 to 7, 1991.

In the past three decades there has been enormous progressin identifying the essential role that nonlinearity playsin physical systems, including supporting soliton-likesolutions and self-trapped sxcitations such as polarons.

The contents bear witness to the great success in the development of general approaches to synergetic systems as well as remarkable progress in the more tra ditional fields of synergetics such as lasers and nonlinear optics, hydrodynamics, condensed matter physics, biology, and sociology. . . . . . . . . . . . 42 .

Silicon carbide and other group IV-IV materials in theiramorphous, microcrystalline, and crystalline forms have awide variety of applications.The contributions to thisvolume report recent developments and trends in the field.

A separate section of the proceedings is devoted to invited papers on quantum systems including new results for strongly correlated electron and quantum spin models believed to be important for the description of high-T c superconductors.

Surface science has existed as a recognized discipline for more than 20 years. On the other hand, surface science has been applied to an increasing number of areas of technology, such as catalysis, semicon ductor processing, new materials development, corrosion prevention, adhesion and tribology.

This book contains the most recent advances in nonlinear physics in various fields including astrophysics, gravitation, particle physics, quantum optics, fluid dynamics and the mathematics underlying the phenomena of chaos and nonlinear waves.

The nine review articles and roughly 30 contributed papers contained in this volume survey the present understanding of the molecular motion of polymers in concentrated solutions, melts and the amorphous state.

For newcomers to the field it provides an up-to-date review of technological developments in SiC and related materials, while specialists will find here recent references and new insights into materials for high-temperature, high-power, and high-speed circuit applications.

The Institut Max-von-Laue-Paul Langevin (ILL) in Grenoble regularly organ ises workshops that deal with the various applications of neutrons in physics, chemistry, biology and also in nuclear physics.

Papers from the Second International Workshop on the Magnetic Properties of Low-dimensional Systems.

As the format has evolved, the number of participants, in cluding the number from overseas, has grown steadily, and this year a poster session was included for the first time, enabling a far greater range of topics to be discussed than was possible in the limited lecture time available.

les Houches This Winter School on "The Physics and Fabrication of Microstructures" originated with a European industrial decision to investigate in some detail the potential of custom-designed microstructures for new devices.

7 Les Houches The purpose of this workshop was to bring together, for the first time, active scientists from very different fields, such as physics, chemistry, physiology and the behavioural sciences, all having a common interest: The interac tion of static magnetic fields with biological and macromolecular matter.

Since 1981 there has been an attempt in Europe to organize a series of small meetings/workshops/tavole rotonde with the aim of bringing together physi cists and chemists interested in problems concerning atoms or molecules in teracting with external photons where the continua are investigated.

The Sixth International Symposium on Gas Flow and Chemical Lasers (GCL) was held in Jerusalem, Israel, on September 8-12, 1986. This discussion is presented as recorded in order to re tain the flavour of spontaneous presentation at the risk - or advantage - of presenting some venturous ideas, and the danger of misquoting.

The possibil of altering the optical properties of a material by electric fields or by ity optical waves is of great importance for both pure science and for practical applications such as optical signal processing, telecommunications and opti cal display devices.

Fi nally, the development of high resolution neutron scattering techniques like neutron backscattering led to direct spectroscopic observation of the tunnel split ground state. Sessions on translational tunneling of light interstitials in metals as well as on tunneling phenomena in amorphous substances provide bridges to adjacent fields.

(ii) Fine characterization down to the atomic scale using recently devel oped, powerful techniques such as scanning tunneling microscopy, high reso lution transmission electron microscopy, glancing incidence x-ray diffraction, x-ray standing waves, surface extended x-ray absorption fine structure and surface extended energy-loss fine structure.