Bücher der Reihe Springer Series in Social Psychology

It is the outcome of a process that begins with an event having negative consequences, involves judgments about causality, personal responsibility, and possible mitigation.

It was just over 12 years ago that we first sat down together to talk about psychological traps.

Most of our interactions with others occur within the framework of recurring social situations, and the language choices we make are intimately tied to situational features.

"Individuals who live in groups hold common beliefs which define their reality, not only as persons, but also as group members.

I discuss background research and theoretical approaches in the first half of the book, beginning with research concerned with the psychological effects of unemployment during the Great Depression and continuing through to a dis cussion of more recent contributions.

Intuitive Judgments of Change represents the first systematic attempt to understand how people perceive change. The author develops an hypothesis together with supporting evidence which suggests that change judgments are unique, ubiquitious, and pose no particular problem for people's cognitive apparatus.

This book is about the relationship between social psychology and the body. Or is it because social psychology is well advised to steer clear of problems that draw us back from the social toward what are seen as the biological and the prehistory of our discipline?

Personality and Roles: Sources of Regularities in Social Behavior For behavioral scientists, whether they identify primarily with the science of psychology or with that of sociology, there may be no challenge greater than that of discovering regularities and consistencies in social behavior.

The second chapter, by Daniel Perlman and Beverley Fehr, provides a summary and conceptual critique of social psychological theories of social attraction that are relevant to the study of friendship.

In other words, the questions that nonverbal communication researchers address when considering gender bring new directions to gender-related research and a like effect can be expected when the questions raised in gender studies are applied to research in nonverbal behavior.

" Alfred North Whitehead "It will become all too clear that an ability to see patterns in behavior, an ability that some might feel proud of, can lead more easily to a wrong description than a right one. That is, specific observations are weighed differently from each other whenever a theoretical account is abstracted from raw experiences.

Yet, not all anger is aggressive, nor can all aggression be attributed to anger. Stated somewhat differently, anger is here being used as a paradigm case for the study of emotion, not for the study of aggression.

Social scientists are unprepared for many of the ethical problems that arise in their research, and for criticisms of their ethics that seem to ignore such cherished scientific values as objectivity and freedom of inquiry.

Social scientists are unprepared for many of the ethical problems that arise in their research, and for criticisms of their ethics that seem to ignore such cherished scientific values as objectivity and freedom of inquiry.

This century has been characterized by a strong and pervasive belief in "certainty through science. One now senses a profound alteration taking place in both the concept of knowledge and of science-an alteration that may prove to be as significant as the Copernican revolution, the emergence of Darwinism, or the development of Freudian theory.

The study of stereotyping and prejudice is a study of human nature, group mem bership, and intergroup relationships.

The area of intergroup relations and social conflict has once again become a major focus of social psychological theorizing and research. The areas discussed include industrial conflicts, interethnic conflicts and intergroup conflicts.

Person perception is of great importance in everyday life and human science. The field of per son perception deals with questions of how impression formation proceeds, what characteristics and intentions are attributed to other people, and how preformed schemata and stereotypes influence people's first impressions.

Approaches as different as S-O-R behaviorism,social learning theory, consistency theories,and expectancy value theories of motivation and decision making have one thing in common: they all assume that "thought (or any other type of cognition) can move any thing," that there is a direct path from cognition to behavior.

Despite the central place that the study of attitudes has long held in social psycho logical research, the last decade or so has been relatively quiet as far as the de velopment of attitude theory has been concerned.

The obsession with conspiracy has spread to such an extent that it continuously crops up at all levels of society. The fol lowing paradox must be striking to anyone: In the past, society was governed by a small number of men, at times by one individual, who, within traditional limits, imposed his will on the multitude.

If we have not learned it before, we are reminded by Soviet scholars that social psychological events must, for meaningful interpretation, be examined in their temporaVsocial context. To the extent that publication of a book on Soviet social psychology can be looked upon as an event, such an examination must be ventured here.

Research on the interactions of social psychological and physiological processes has become a major focus of interest among psychologists in the past two decades.

The study of nonverbal behavior has substantially grown in importance in social psychology during the past twenty years. Other lines of research, in contrast to evolutionary-based models, have focused on the importance of human developmental and social contexts in determining behaviors associated with power and dominance.

This volume grew out of a discussion between the editors at the Society for Experimental Social Psychology meeting in Nashville in 1981. This tradition presumed that there were "brute facts" to be discovered about human interaction, with little consideration of the social processes through which "factuality" is established.

Several years ago, two of my colleagues and I had the opportunity to interview Fritz Heider-perhaps the most influential theorist in the field of social psychology (Harvey, Ickes, & Kidd, 1976).

We enjoyed arguing with each other at our initial meeting in 1973 and have sub sequently become best friends, but neither of us suspected at the time that we would or could actively maintain a research collaboration over the next decade, or that we would now find ourselves in a position to write this monograph.

For a long time I have had the gnawing desire to convey the broad motivational sig nificance of the attributional conception that I have espoused and to present fully the argument that this framework has earned a rightful place alongside other leading theories of motivation.