Bücher der Reihe SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology

This book presents a broad design purview within the framework of ¿pre-design, design, and post-design¿ by focusing on the ¿motive of design,¿ which implies an underlying reason for the design of a product. The chapters are comprised of papers based on discussions at the ¿Design Research Leading Workshop¿ held in Nara, Japan, in 2013. This book encourages readers to enhance and expand their thinking within a widened design perspective.

A number of metrics for assessing human thermal response to climatic conditions have been proposed in scientific literature over the last decades. They aim at describing human thermal perception of the thermal environment to which an individual or a group of people is exposed. More recently, a new type of "discomfort index" has been proposed for describing, in a synthetic way, long-term phenomena. Starting from a systematic review of a number of long-term global discomfort indices, they are then contrasted and compared on a reference case study in order to identify their similarities and differences and strengths and weaknesses. Based on this analysis, a new short-term local discomfort index is proposed for the American Adaptive comfort model. Finally, a new and reliable long-term general discomfort index is presented. It is delivered in three versions and each of them is suitable to be respectively coupled with the Fanger, the European Adaptive and the American Adaptive comfort models.

High Performance Grinding and Advanced Cutting Tools discusses the fundamentals and advances in high performance grinding processes, and provides a complete overview of newly-developing areas in the field. Topics covered are grinding tool formulation and structure, grinding wheel design and conditioning and applications using high performance grinding wheels. Also included are heat treatment strategies for grinding tools, using grinding tools for high speed applications, laser-based and diamond dressing techniques, high-efficiency deep grinding, VIPER grinding, and new grinding wheels.

Environment-Friendly Machining provides an in-depth overview of environmentally-friendly machining processes, covering numerous different types of machining in order to identify which practice is the most environmentally sustainable. The book discusses three systems at length: machining with minimal cutting fluid, air-cooled machining and dry machining. Also covered is a way to conserve energy during machining processes, along with useful data and detailed descriptions for developing and utilizing the most efficient modern machining tools. Researchers and engineers looking for sustainable machining solutions will find Environment-Friendly Machining to be a useful volume.

This book presents a comprehensive survey of fault current limiters (FCLs) and their applications in power system to cope with the fault current.

This book describes the utilization of different soft computing techniques and their optimization for providing an accurate and efficient medical diagnosis. The proposed method provides a precise and timely diagnosis of the risk that a person has to develop a particular disease, but it can be adaptable to provide the diagnosis of different diseases. This book reflects the experimentation that was carried out, based on the different optimizations using bio-inspired algorithms (such as bird swarm algorithm, flower pollination algorithms, and others). In particular, the optimizations were carried out to design the fuzzy classifiers of the nocturnal blood pressure profile and heart rate level. In addition, to obtain the architecture that provides the best result, the neurons and the number of neurons per layers of the artificial neural networks used in the model are optimized. Furthermore, different tests were carried out with the complete optimized model. Another work that is presented in this book is the dynamic parameter adaptation of the bird swarm algorithm using fuzzy inference systems, with the aim of improving its performance. For this, different experiments are carried out, where mathematical functions and a monolithic neural network are optimized to compare the results obtained with the original algorithm. The book will be of interest for graduate students of engineering and medicine, as well as researchers and professors aiming at proposing and developing new intelligent models for medical diagnosis. In addition, it also will be of interest for people working on metaheuristic algorithms and their applications on medicine.

This book presents a genetic algorithm that optimizes a grid template pattern detector to find the best point to trade in the SP 500.

The intelligent sports analysis of a soccer ball (also known as football, football ball, or association football ball) requires accurately simulating its motion and finding the best design parameters.

Besides, the significance of various industrial wastes as partial replacements with concrete ingredients such as cement and aggregates are discussed. This book discusses a few examples on studies of using various industry wastes as partial replacement of cement in concrete

This book presents an innovative approach for piercing materials and shows how the application of computer software and correct setting of technological parameters in production are important tools for achieving the required production quality.

This book gives a rigorous and up-to-date study of the various AI and machine learning algorithms for resolving environmental challenges associated with blasting. A small amount of explosive energy is only used during blasting to fracture rock in order to achieve the appropriate fragmentation, throw, and development of muck pile.

This book highlights a timely and accurate insight at the endeavour of the bioinformatics and genomics clinicians from industry and academia to address the societal needs. The contents of the book unearth the lacuna between the medication and treatment in the current preventive medicinal and pharmaceutical system. It contains chapters prepared by experts in life sciences along with data scientists for examining the circumstances of health care system for the next decade. It also highlights the automated processes for analyzing data in clinical trial research, specifically for drug development. Additionally, the data science solutions provided in this book help pharmaceutical companies to improve on what had historically been manual, costly and laborious process for cross-referencing research in clinical trials on drug development, while laying the groundwork for use with a full range of other drugs for the conditions ranging from tuberculosis, to diabetes, to heart attacks and many others.

This open access book presents thirteen outstanding doctoral dissertations in Information Technology from the Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Italy.

This book reports a comprehensive study on the Industry 4.0 technologies focused on the aerospace sector, presenting a blueprint of the sector and the background of the key technologies. The author describes the adoption of some of these technologies by some of the major aerospace companies and organizations.

This book provides a synthesis for using IoT for indoor air quality assessment. Indoor air quality assessment is one of the most important applications of IoT which helps in the development of smart and healthy living spaces.

This book reviews the building renovation process by systematizing the phases of analysis and prior knowledge through a project that not only considers energy savings but also thoroughly examines complex issues, such as defining the correct new functions and answers to new needs.

It also helps find ways in which we can measure possible consequences and societal impacts by taking the following factors into account: open public health issues and common AI solutions (with multiple case studies, such as TB and SARS: COVID-19), AI in sustainable health care, AI in precision medicine and data privacy issues.

This book conducts effective research on data-driven Structural Health Monitoring (SHM), and accordingly presents many novel feature extraction methods by time series analysis and signal processing, to extract reliable damage sensitive features from vibration responses.

It presents key performance indicators as well as human performance parameters that can be used in future evaluation of team performance and players.

A morphological analysis of necrotic changes in the myocardial tissue of patients that died due to heart attack, coronary heart disease and acute coronary insufficiency was carried out and the data and histological sections of the myocardium inspected utilizing Mueller-matrix mapping of tissue samples with polarized light.

This book covers the tunnel boring machine (TBM) performance classifications, empirical models, statistical and intelligent-based techniques which have been applied and introduced by the researchers in this field. The introduced models are accurate enough and they can be used for prediction of TBM performance in practice before designing TBMs.

The objective of the book is to extend the use of the neural partial differentiation method to the multi-input multi-output aircraft system for the online estimation of aircraft parameters from an established neural model.

This book explores the single components that commonly constitute luminaires for interiors, describing their operating principles, families, strengths and weaknesses. The description focuses on the most recent technologies to allow the reader to consider a product design capable of confronting future lighting scenarios.

This open access book summarizes research being pursued within the FENIX project, funded by the EU community under the H2020 programme, the goal of which is to design a new product service paradigm able to promote innovative business models, to open added value to the vessels and to create new market segments.

This brief presents methods for anti-windup control in the presence of saturating sensors, arbitrary external reference inputs, and constant or step-like disturbance inputs.

The book explores how architectural, engineering and construction (AEC) firms have been adapting and changing to effectively address key environmental challenges, focusing on Life Cycle Thinking and related methodologies (Life Cycle Assessments and Life Cycle Costing).

This book presents the methodology of environmental and financial performance evaluation in 3D printing processes using the MFCA and LCA.