Bücher der Reihe SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology

Natural Convective Heat Transfer from Short Inclined Cylinders examines a heat transfer situation of significant, practical importance not adequately dealt with in existing textbooks or in any widely available review papers.

This book focuses on sustainable solid waste management in an urban context and gives an example of how a modern city can work with waste management for increased sustainability in close cooperation with the academy.

This book deals with one of the most novel advances in natural computing, namely, in the field of tactile sense analysis. The target audience is not limited to researchers who are interested in natural computing but also includes those working in ergonomic design, biomedical engineering, Kansei engineering, and cognitive science.

The modification of interface shear stresses between flow boiling and flow condensation in case of annular flow structure may be considered through incorporation of the so called blowing parameter, which differentiates between these two modes of heat transfer.

This book explains and examines the theoretical underpinnings of the Complex Variable Boundary Element Method (CVBEM) as applied to higher dimensions, providing the reader with the tools for extending and using the CVBEM in various applications.

The aim of this book is to investigate critical economic aspects and price risks along international pellet supply chains and to offer new insights into the interconnections between the sector, the various supply risks within the market and guidelines for de-risking biomass supply chains.

This book considers the pollutants formed by the combustion of solid biomass fuels. Data is given of NOx, particulates and other pollutant arising from combustion of different fuels in fixed bed combustion, fluidized bed combustion and pulverised biomass combustion and co-firing.

This brief book systematically discusses all subjects that affect the pullout strength of pedicle screws. The holding strength of the pedicle screw is vital since loosening of the pedicle screws can cause revision surgeries.

Practical optimization problems are often hard to solve, in particular when they are black boxes and no further information about the problem is available except via function evaluations. This work introduces a collection of heuristics and algorithms for black box optimization with evolutionary algorithms in continuous solution spaces.

This book is an effort to explore the technical aspects associated with bird flight and migration on wings. After a short introduction on the birds migration, the book reviews the aerodynamics and Energetics of Flight and presents the calculation of the Migration Range.

This book explains how lightweight materials and structures can be deployed in buildings to meet high environmental and aesthetic standards and emphasizes how the concept of lightness in building technology and design dovetails with the desire to enhance landscape.

This Brief describes six basic models of buoyancy-driven convection in a fluid layer: three configurations of internally heated convection and three configurations of Rayleigh-Benard convection.

Whenfuzzy logic is used it make it easy to performed the simulations, these fuzzysystems help to model the behavior of a real systems, using the fuzzysystems fuzzy rules are generated and with this can generate the behavior ofany variable depending on the inputs and linguistic value.

This book presents a simplified approach to earthquake engineering by developing the fragility curve for regular and irregular moment-resisting frames based on different types of structural material, height, and ground motion records.

This book addresses synchronization in networks of coupled systems. The book then moves on to advanced topics in synchronization of complex networks by examining forms of synchronization in which not all the units share the same trajectory, namely chimera states, clustering synchronization, and relay and remote synchronization.

This volume demonstrates the use of FORTRAN for numerical computing in the context of the finite element method. Thus, this volume gives a simple introduction to programming of elasto-plastic material behavior, which is, for example, the prerequisite for implementing new constitutive laws into a commercial finite element program.

This book highlights the applications of soft computing techniques in medical bioinformatics. It reflects the state-of-the-art research in soft computing and bioinformatics, including theory, algorithms, numerical simulations, and error and uncertainty analysis.

This book showcases different processes of fabrication and processing applied to shape memory alloys. It provides details and collective information on working principles, process mechanisms, salient features, novel aspects, process capabilities, properties of material and unique applications of shape memory alloys.

A combination of several technological, healthcare and financial factors are driving this trend to create a new healthcare model that stresses preventative 'health-care' rather than 'sick-care', and a shift from volume to value.

To construct approximate solutions, a variational method is employed as the basis for computational procedures where the Finite Element Method is applied. To avoid artificial stiffening effects, various integration types are applied, and the solutions generated are subsequently verified with closed-form solutions for monolithic limiting cases.

This book examines the intelligent random walk algorithms based on learning automata: these versions of random walk algorithms gradually obtain required information from the nature of the application to improve their efficiency.

This book offers a comprehensive overview of current space exploration in terms of geopolitical and commercial aspects.

This Brief deals with externally finned tubes, their geometric parameters, Reynolds number, dimensionless variables, friction factor, plain plate fins on round tubes, the effect of fin spacing, correlations, pain individually finned tubes, circular fins with staggered tubes, low integral fin tubes, wavy fin, enhanced plate  fin geometries with round tubes, Offset Strip Fins, convex louver fins, louvered fin, perforated fin, mesh fin, vortex generator, enhanced circular fin geometries, spine or segmented fin, wire loop fin, flat extruded tubes with internal membranes, plate and fin automotive radiators, performance comparison, numerical simulation, advanced fin geometries, hydrophilic coatings, internally finned tubes and annuli, spirally fluted and  indented tube, advanced internal fin geometries, and finned annuli. The book is ideal for professionals and researchers dealing with thermal management in devices.

This Brief concerns heat transfer and pressure drop in heat transfer enhancement for boiling and condensation. The authors divide their topic into six areas: abrasive treatment and coatings, combined structured and porous surfaces, basic principles of boiling mechanism, vapor space condensation, convective vaporization, and forced condensation inside tubes. Within this framework, the book examines range of specific phenomena including abrasive treatment, open grooves, 3D cavities, etched surfaces, electroplating, pierced 3D cover sheets, attached wire and screen promoters, non-wetting coatings, oxide and ceramic coatings, porous surfaces, structured surfaces (integral roughness), combined structured and porous surfaces, composite surfaces, single-tube pool boiling tests, theoretical fundamentals like liquid superheat, effect of cavity shape and contact angle on superheat, entrapment of vapor in cavities, nucleation at a surface cavity, effect of dissolved gases, bubble departure diameter, bubble dynamics, boiling hysteresis and orientation effects, basic principles of boiling mechanism, visualization and mechanism of boiling in subsurface tunnels, and Chien and Webb parametric boiling studies.

This book focuses on the most well-regarded and recent nature-inspired algorithms capable of solving optimization problems with multiple objectives. Firstly, it provides preliminaries and essential definitions in multi-objective problems and different paradigms to solve them. It then presents an in-depth explanations of the theory, literature review, and applications of several widely-used algorithms, such as Multi-objective Particle Swarm Optimizer, Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm and Multi-objective GreyWolf Optimizer Due to the simplicity of the techniques and flexibility, readers from any field of study can employ them for solving multi-objective optimization problem. The book provides the source codes for all the proposed algorithms on a dedicated webpage.

The knowledge of moisture migration inside building materials and construction building components is decisive for the way they behave when in use.

This open access book presents nine outstanding doctoral dissertations in Information Technology from the Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Italy.