Bücher der Reihe SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology

In this book, the authors present a comprehensive study of the effects of operating parameters (load, amplitude, frequency) on dry gross fretting of rough surfaces. It helps the reader to efficient surface preparations in order to monitor and reduce damage caused by fretting.

The derivation and understanding of Partial Differential Equations relies heavily on the fundamental knowledge of the first years of scientific education, i.e., higher mathematics, physics, materials science, applied mechanics, design, and programming skills.

This book presents the potential applications of hard materials as well as the latest trends and challenges in machining hard materials. maximize: material removal rate, roundness and minimize: surface roughness, dimensional ovality, co axiality, tool wear) in machining for industry personal is solved using advanced optimization tools.

This book focuses on the fields of fuzzy logic and metaheuristic algorithms, particularly the harmony search algorithm and fuzzy control. There are currently several types of metaheuristics used to solve a range of real-world of problems, and these metaheuristics contain parameters that are usually fixed throughout the iterations. However, a number of techniques are also available that dynamically adjust the parameters of an algorithm, such as probabilistic fuzzy logic.This book proposes a method of addressing the problem of parameter adaptation in the original harmony search algorithm using type-1, interval type-2 and generalized type-2 fuzzy logic. The authors applied this methodology to the resolution of problems of classical benchmark mathematical functions, CEC 2015, CEC2017 functions and to the optimization of various fuzzy logic control cases, and tested the method using six benchmark control problems ¿ four of the Mamdani type: the problem of filling a water tank, theproblem of controlling the temperature of a shower, the problem of controlling the trajectory of an autonomous mobile robot and the problem of controlling the speed of an engine; and two of the Sugeno type: the problem of controlling the balance of a bar and ball, and the problem of controlling control the balance of an inverted pendulum. When the interval type-2 fuzzy logic system is used to model the behavior of the systems, the results show better stabilization because the uncertainty analysis is better. As such, the authors conclude that the proposed method, based on fuzzy systems, fuzzy controllers and the harmony search optimization algorithm, improves the behavior of complex control plants.

This book examines the various ways in which co-production can contribute to the creation, design, and delivery of public services, namely by engaging the expertise of users and their networks, by promoting public services that are better targeted and more responsive to users, by cutting costs against the background of austerity in public finance, by creating a synergy between government and civil society that will impact positively on social capital, and by addressing the challenges resulting from growing democratic and citizenship deficits. Particular attention is paid to local government and the health and social care sector. After definition of the concept of co-production, the critical issues which arise when public services are co-produced are discussed. Various experiences of co-production are presented and analyzed with a view to highlighting why, how, and with what effect public service co-production may be implemented. Individual chapters focus on the impact of co-productionin making cities smarter and the use of ICT in supporting co-production of public services. The book will be of relevance to a wide readership, from students to academics and professionals interested or engaged in public service management.

Three conceptual models that offer different perspectives on public and civic participation in complex urban planning processes are presented and reviewed: the consensual model, which conceives of planning as a collective decision-making practice geared toward consensus building and conflict resolution;

In this book a neural network learning method with type-2 fuzzy weight adjustment is proposed. The mathematical analysis of the proposed learning method architecture and the adaptation of type-2 fuzzy weights are presented. The proposed method is based on research of recent methods that handle weight adaptation and especially fuzzy weights.The internal operation of the neuron is changed to work with two internal calculations for the activation function to obtain two results as outputs of the proposed method. Simulation results and a comparative study among monolithic neural networks, neural network with type-1 fuzzy weights and neural network with type-2 fuzzy weights are presented to illustrate the advantages of the proposed method.The proposed approach is based on recent methods that handle adaptation of weights using fuzzy logic of type-1 and type-2. The proposed approach is applied to a cases of prediction for the Mackey-Glass (for ├┤=17) and Dow-Jones time series, and recognition of person with iris biometric measure. In some experiments, noise was applied in different levels to the test data of the Mackey-Glass time series for showing that the type-2 fuzzy backpropagation approach obtains better behavior and tolerance to noise than the other methods.The optimization algorithms that were used are the genetic algorithm and the particle swarm optimization algorithm and the purpose of applying these methods was to find the optimal type-2 fuzzy inference systems for the neural network with type-2 fuzzy weights that permit to obtain the lowest prediction error.

The major aspects to be considered when designing a signal acquisition module for a brain-computer interaction system are the human brain, types and applications of brain-computer systems, and the basics of EEG (electroencephalogram) recording.

This book presents a detailed study on the vibration analysis of functionally graded piezoelectric actuators excited under the shear effect. The methodology reported and the numerical results presented will be useful for the design of devices utilizing functionally graded piezoelectric actuators under the influence of shear.

This book explores the current challenges with regard to uncertainty and risk in water management, as well as the interlinkages between drought and water management.

"Micromagnetics and Recording Materials" is a book trying to give a systematic theory of computational applied magnetism, based on Maxwell equations of fields and Landau-Lifshitz equations of magnetic moments.

This brief provides guidance for the application of cohesive models to determine damage and fracture in materials and structural components. Although the brief addresses structural behaviour, the methods described herein may also be applied to any deformation induced material damage and failure, e.g.

Offering a key resource and research tool for all those involved in improving the energy efficiency of industrial processes, this book assesses conventional approaches, and explains and outlines new methods to achieve even greater energy saving potential.

This book will be particularly useful to those interested in multibody simulation (MBS) and the formulation for the dynamics of spatial multibody systems.

The book identifies the performance challenges concerning Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) and Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) and analyzes their impact on the performance of routing protocols.

The objective of this Brief is to provide a solution to the unsolved technical problem in segmentation for the automated bone age assessment system. It is followed by a novel fuzzy quadruple division scheme to optimize the central segmentation algorithm, and then an additional quality assurance scheme.

Through the results of a developed case study of information system for low temperature geothermal energy, GIS to Support Cost-effective Decisions on Renewable Sources addresses the issue of the use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in evaluating cost-effectiveness of renewable resource exploitation on a regional scale.

Managing safety in a professional environment requires constant negotiation with other competitive dimensions of risk management (finances, market and political drivers, manpower and social crisis).

This book studies methods for a robust design of rotors against self-excited vibrations. This book discusses the question on how to design a structure such that unwanted self-excited vibrations do not occur.

Maximizing readers' insights into urban and architectural environmental planning with consideration for the thermal environment, this work highlights how various urban heat-island strategies have been developed and their effectiveness in urban areas.

The brief also presents a design of discrete-time reduced order observer using the duality to discrete-time sliding surface design. First, the duality between the coefficients of the discrete-time reduced order observer and the sliding surface design is established and then, the design method for the observer using Riccati equation is explained.

This book presents a detailed discussion of the models that were developed to simulate the collapse and post-collapse behavior of steel pipes. The finite element method offers to engineers the possibility of developing models to simulate the collapse behavior of casings inside oil wells and the collapse behavior of deepwater pipelines.

This is the first book to focus on the topological index, the Harary index, of a graph, including its mathematical properties, chemical applications and some related and attractive open problems.

This book presents a new and direct computational method for transient heat transfer. The approach uses the well-known dimensionless Biot number and a second dimensionless number introduced by the author. The methodology allows for a transient heat transfer calculations without using finite difference programs.

Its uses two fundamentally different approaches of investigation: 1) to get results for two-dimensional and one-dimensional problems from results of the corresponding three-dimensional problems and 2) to investigate directly governing degenerate and singular systems of 2D and 1D problems.

This Brief highlights Informatics and related techniques to Computer Science Professionals, Engineers, Medical Doctors, Bioinformatics researchers and other interdisciplinary researchers.

This book showcases the application of carbon nanotubes as nanodelivery systems for copper atoms, using molecular dynamics simulations as a means of investigation.