Führung & Strategie

"The third book in the timeless Great Mental Models series. Time and time again, great thinkers such as Charlie Munger and Warren Buffett have credited their success to mental models-representations of how something works that can scale onto other fields. Mastering a small number of mental models enables you to rapidly grasp new information, identify patterns others miss, and avoid the common mistakes that hold people back. Volume 3 of The Great Mental Models series focuses on systems and mathematics, simplifying more than twenty-four key concepts from these technical fields into easy-to-understand terms. It provides insights into the unseen mechanisms that influence our environment and teaches you how to apply these principles to benefit your life. Some of the mental models covered in this book include: Margin of Safety: Engineers design for extremes, not averages. To create a robust system, ensure a meaningful gap between what the system is capable of handling and what it is required to handle. Compounding: The most powerful force in the universe can work in domains other than money. The law of diminishing returns: Inputs to a system lead to more output, up until a point where each further unit of input will lead to a decreasing amount of output. Regression to the mean: Above- or below- average performance tends to correct towards the average over the long term. The Great Mental Models series demystifies once elusive concepts and illuminates rich knowledge that traditional education overlooks. This series is the most comprehensive and accessible guide on using mental models to better understand our world, solve problems, and gain an advantage"--

"First published in hardcover by Latticework Publishing, Inc., Ottawa, in 2020"--Title page verso.

Research in the area of intellectual property (IP) is increasingly relevant to the rapidly growing artificial intelligence (AI) and robotics industries, affecting the legal, business, manufacturing, and healthcare sectors. This contributed volume aims to develop our understanding of the legal and ethical challenges posed by artificial intelligence and robotics technologies and the appropriate intellectual property based legal and regulatory responses. It provides a philosophical and legal framework for considering concepts and principles that relate to the development and use of such technologies at the international, regional, and national levels. The legal discourse in IP concerns the ever-growing AI sector and how businesses can protect their IP and incorporate AI. Moral sentiments often take a back seat to market sentiments, even in shaping the direction of ethical business strategy. This anomaly persists despite growing interest in ethics and IP. Taking an interdisciplinary and diverse perspective, this book enriches the evolving definition and scope of IP literature by focusing on actors, products and regulation that shape the business sector. Considering the gap between theory and practice, this book bridges academic and professional knowledge in unpacking legal, ethical and governance issues in the intellectual property industry. In an effort to include as many viewpoints as possible, contributions have been gathered from diverse fields, including business, ethics, governance, law, philosophy and technology studies. This book will appeal to academics in the field of intellectual property, business ethics, AI, emerging technologies and strategic innovation, as well as practitioners and policy makers.

Generative AI and the remote-work revolution show us every day that we are in a new era. The rules and norms have changed--and so must leadership.And yet, coercive bureaucracy, hierarchy, and control--old ways of thinking and working--are still with us, a deep and powerful legacy. We are living through a profound transition from an old, industrial era to a new one that is digital, transparent, and complex. In this transition, leadership is changing--and it needs to change.In this important new book by former dean of Harvard Business School Kim Clark, written with his business school professor son, Jonathan, and Deloitte consultant daughter, Erin, the dynamic struggle between two competing paradigms of leadership is compellingly illustrated: an old paradigm that involves control and power over people versus a new one that enables and inspires power through people.With rich examples and stories, the authors show how deeply ingrained the legacy model of leadership remains, and how destructive it is, causing waste and loss of human potential, stifling innovation, and ultimately resulting in what the authors call "organizational darkness." They go on to articulate a new, positive model, one that consciously seeks to do good and to make things better for the long term; that cares for people, helping them to thrive; and that mobilizes people to solve tough problems. These three elements, they argue, are the soul, heart, and mind of leadership, and activating them requires careful attention to both the personal and the organizational dimensions of leadership.The narrative is interwoven with probing analysis and reflection, and the authors speak clearly and frankly about the moral aspects and impact of leadership. They also provide a concrete frame and approach for scaling the new model and creating a vibrant leadership system.Leading Through is a deep and essential account of the evolution of our leadership thinking and practice that is both timely and timeless.

Sales leadership essentials for an era of rapidly advancing digital technology.Effective sales management--and running an effective sales organization--is the key to revenue generation, customer satisfaction, and business results. Whether you are a sales manager or a sales executive, your role is complex, and it is increasingly challenging to balance today's demands with leading the digital sales transformation that will position your team for future success.In the HBR Sales Management Handbook, Prabhakant Sinha, Arun Shastri, and Sally Lorimer provide the resources you need to build value for your company, your customers, and your sales teams. The book lays out hundreds of actionable ideas to manage your sales force better and drive digital success in your sales organization.With case studies from many industries worldwide, this comprehensive guide explores the fundamentals every sales manager needs to know, complete through today's most challenging issues around digital: Bringing value to customers while managing the businessHiring, onboarding, and retaining the best sales talentManaging sales in the remote, multichannel worldUsing AI and analytics to make crucial decisionsBuilding the next generation of sales information hubsNavigating sales force change with continuous improvementYour job is vast and dynamic. The HBR Sales Management Handbook is a collection of comprehensive and forward-looking ideas to help you win by helping your salespeople and customers win.HBR Handbooks provide ambitious professionals with the frameworks, advice, and tools they need to excel in their careers. With step-by-step guidance, time-honed best practices, and real-life stories, each comprehensive volume helps you to stand out from the pack--whatever your role.

With disruptive technologies on the horizon, traditional employment models are becoming outdated. How will your organization adapt to the evolving landscape of work?Business is on the cusp of an inevitable and profound transformation. Conventional work paradigms are failing to adapt to the evolving needs and expectations of the modern workforce. Simultaneously, the emergence of disruptive technologies such as artificial intelligence, coupled with Web3 innovations including the metaverse, blockchain, and decentralized work models, is unlocking a whole new realm of work. It raises a pivotal question: Is the era of traditional employment over?The tools of tomorrow will amplify human potential, from collaborating in virtual spaces through digital avatars, to managing transactions transparently on the blockchain. Those who embrace these technologies--and the manner in which people want to work--will unleash unprecedented levels of productivity and innovation. Conversely, those who remain tethered to outdated work patterns risk losing out on the best talent, and even becoming obsolete.Employment Is Dead ventures into unexplored territories to reveal how these innovations can transform work into more democratic, human-centric, and empowering work experiences. Deborah Perry Piscione and Josh Drean bring to life the seismic shifts occurring in the workforce, propelled by employees' growing demand for autonomy, flexibility, and a sense of purpose in their work. The authors challenge leaders to embrace these changes, offering vital insights into navigating this new landscape. With compelling case studies and cutting-edge examples, this book is an essential read for those aiming to stay ahead in a rapidly evolving digital environment and harness disruptive technologies to redefine the future of work.

A first-of-its-kind look at the outrage being directed at organizations across the globe--and how leaders can respond to it.Outrage is everywhere--on the left and on the right--and many companies are finding themselves in the crosshairs. Go Fund Me was pressured to cut off funding to protesting truckers in Ottawa. Disney's CEO was dragged down for mishandling both sides of Florida's "Don't Say Gay" law. Facebook and other tech companies have been accused of manipulating elections in many countries and by many parties. People are angry with the world--in some cases, rightfully so--and now view companies as they do governments: as targets of their ire and potential forces for social change. Managing outrage has moved from being an occasional leadership challenge, such as handling a PR crisis, to a necessary and critical leadership capability, like strategic thinking or financial acumen.Based on his popular Oxford leadership program and deep-dive case studies on organizations such as IKEA, Nestlé, the London Metropolitan Police, the Vatican, and others, Karthik Ramanna offers a set of practices for leaders to navigate this age of polarization--steps leaders can take to make sense of the outrage they encounter, work with relevant stakeholders to progress through it, and emerge stronger for it. Ramanna's practical framework, developed through years of experience with organizations, helps leaders "turn down the temperature," analyze root causes, develop and implement distinctive organizational responses that are mission consistent, and build individual and organizational resilience.Just as governments have systems for managing regular adverse-weather events such as hurricanes, organizations and their leaders now need an equivalent for managing the stakeholder hostilities that contextualize nearly all their decisions. This book is the essential guide for managing in the age of outrage.

"Project Management Essentials: A Handbook for Business Owners" by Paul Omugbe is a comprehensive guide designed to empower business owners with the essential skills and knowledge needed to successfully navigate the dynamic landscape of project management. Drawing upon years of practical experience and a keen understanding of the challenges faced by entrepreneurs, Omugbe provides a user-friendly roadmap for initiating, planning, executing, and closing projects with precision. This handbook goes beyond traditional project management methodologies, offering practical insights tailored to the unique needs of business owners. Whether you are launching a new product, expanding your services, or implementing organizational changes, this book equips you with the tools to effectively manage projects of any scale. Omugbe breaks down complex project management concepts into clear and actionable steps, making this handbook accessible to both novices and seasoned entrepreneurs. From defining project scope to risk management and stakeholder communication, each chapter provides practical tips and real-world examples that bring the principles to life.

La gestion de l¿environnement dans les grandes villes en République Démocratique du Congo présente actuellement une problématique nouvelle : le volume considérable des déchets solides ménagers abandonnés dans la rue, la non-biodégradabilité ou la toxicité de certains d¿entre eux, leur durée de vie sans être évacués et leur impact sur l¿environnement.Kinshasa est la capitale du pays. Elle est une entité géographique sans délimitée dans les limites d¿une province avec une population de plus de 8.000.000 d¿habitants. Depuis un passé récent, c¿est-à-dire l¿époque de l¿exode rural, les grands mouvements des populations rurales vers les villes, la mentalité de la population congolaise a changé. Cette époque a transformé la vision de l¿homme noir d¿Afrique. C¿est une vision très différente de celle de l¿homme de l¿époque coloniale sur la compréhension de la notion d¿hygiène publique. Ce nouveau comportement fait que les citoyens de la ville génèrent et abandonnent des déchets de plus en plus nombreux dans les rues et dans les habitations.

This study focuses on the green synthesis of AgNPs and CuNPs using environmentally benign reagents in minimal time, paving the way for future studies on the toxicity of AgNPs and CuNPs without risking interference from toxic reagents and capping agents. Using this technology to process nylon fabric may lead to new coloring technology and other functional improvements. Our method is a completely green approach towards rapid synthesis and an evergreen protocol for the green synthesis of AgNPs from an aqueous solution of silver nitrate using available sugars as reducing agents in one pot, in the presence of sunlight. Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuNPs) were synthesized through a simple and environmentally friendly green route using black tea extract. The synthesized green AgNPs and CuNPs were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The dyeing behavior of green fabric treated with AgNPs and CUNPs were studied using Acid Black 172 (AB 172) and dye accumulation was measured as exhaustion percentage (E%).

This book explores a most central phenomenon in our contemporary businesses and organization, the growing complexity in business. Economic growth and growth of complexity always have been inseparable, but the last decennia the growth of complexity appears to outrun our growth of knowledge and understanding. For success and continuity, the modern firm in the developing complexity of its markets and societal contexts must have the capacity to master and exploit a commensurate level of complexity in its internal organization. This book is the first of its kind to help the reader to understand the different types of complexity and the different concepts and tools to deal with each of them in business administration, strategy, and organization. This book offers the reader a fresh perspective on conventional concepts and tools in the field of business administration and bridges these to new concepts as are being used to exploit new complexities. In the process, the reader becomes familiar with the rich cybernetic concept of information, as a basis for the information-based organization and to master big data. With that complex decision-making is clarified and a fresh understanding of the core function of the organization, coordination, is offered for those who want to solve the issue of self-coordination. The book provides working examples but even more the strongest tool to master and to reduce complexity: a deeper and broader understanding of what is going on beneath the surface of what we experience daily. This book builds on Herbert Simon¿s hypothesis of simplicity: ¿to use the simplicity of process to deal with the complexity of state.¿

This book is filled wth strategies to help you cut costs while maintaining a healthy and happy lifestyle. I've shared my best tips and techniques for saving money in this book. Use them to literally save thousands of dollars a year off your bills and expenses.The proven tips and techniques in this book will help you build your bank account while saving time and money. Get started building your savings today! Here's a preview of what you'll find inside this book:The importance and benefits of frugal livingLearn the best ways to use frugal artInexpensive diy ideas to add art to your homeKey takeaways for easy future referenceList of resources for further referenceIt is desirable to make and maintain your household as spick and span as possible. However, it's not always that we find ourselves economically capable of fulfilling our desire to adorn our walls with things that we think deserve their own places up there.There are times when we take a more practical approach and decide what expenses are more important. This is the time when art and décor takes a back seat in our lives. For times like these, there are many options that can help us improve the face of our home on a measly budget.

Time is the one currency that you cannot grow.Everybody (no matter their age, experience, or wealth) has just 24 hours in each day and 7 days in each week. You can't save your hours or days and use them later. Once time has passed, it's gone forever.So, how are you using your time? Are you spending it effectively?Using time effectively is very different from using time efficiently. Being efficient means that you are getting the most output from your time.Being effective is using your time to get more of the important work done, for your business, your community and yourself.In my book "Time Freedom: how to work 10 hours less in just 60 days" I introduce the tools to make sure you use your time effectively to support the lifestyle you want.Often business owners and leaders are so focused on their work that they lose connection with their family, their friends, and their health. I call this being enslaved to your business or job.Your Planner and the "Time Freedom" book are designed to work together to help you build the lifestyle you dream of.Or, what I call achieving Time Freedom!

Are you a nervous wreck when it comes to managing your author business?Have the legalities made you hesitate to publish?Do you have no idea what you should be doing, where you should be filing, or what you could be forgetting?This handbook is broken down into bite-sized, informational pieces that you can use before you spend your hard-earned dollars on an expensive meeting with a CPA.As a seasoned CPA with over a decade of public accounting experience and a history of helping hundreds of small business owners, including authors, Guion brings you a comprehensive guide that will explain the basics, ease your nerves, and help point you in the right direction.- No more doubts about what you need to do to be a legitimate business.- No more posting on social media with your various tax questions and getting questionable advice.- No more worrying about your responsibilities.This handbook is custom designed to save the number-nervous author from hours of heartache and stress.Included:- What you need to know about starting your author business- Business entity choices and implications (and their tax forms)- Hobby vs. self-employment income- Royalty reporting- How to record expenses and where they go (with examples)- Lots of advanced tax tips and savings strategies- Retirement plan options for authors- Tax impacts of direct salesAnd more!With customized details, explanations, and examples catered to authors, this guide is your ticket to effortless author enterprise management. Say goodbye to business hassles and embrace a clear, concise, and stress-free approach to managing and understanding your author empire.You don't know what you don't know - but that doesn't protect you from getting in trouble with the IRS - learn your business responsibilities and stay on the right side of the US federal tax law.***I'm a CPA but not your CPA. Nothing in this book is tax advice - it's for educational and informational purposes (to be followed-up with additional research later). Please confirm applicability in your own scenario with an advisor who is familiar with your specific situation.This handbook is tailored to US federal tax laws as of 2024. There is no state-specific information included.

Ce livre est un rapport sur l'étude des effets de la limaille de fer sur certaines propriétés mécaniques d'un composite de polyester insaturé renforcé par de la limaille de fer. Des composites polyester renforcés par des particules de limaille de fer de différents pourcentages de poids (wt. %), variant de 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% à 30% ont été fabriqués. Des essais de traction, de flexion, de dureté et de résistance aux chocs ont ensuite été réalisés sur les échantillons. Une caractérisation métallographique a également été effectuée à l'aide d'un microscope optique et d'un microscope électronique à balayage afin d'étudier la morphologie de la surface des échantillons composites sélectionnés. Les résultats ont montré une nette amélioration des propriétés mécaniques des composites en polyester. Ce travail de recherche a été réalisé en vue de l'obtention d'un Master of Science (M.Sc.) en Science et Ingénierie des Matériaux, à l'Université Obafemi Awolowo, Ile-Ife, Nigéria.

Roughly, the use of mobile phones is the result of a process of identity, utility, risk and attitude in favour of mobile technology, but the absence of an integral model in which the axes and trajectories of dependent relationships between the variables used in the state of the question are observed encourages the present research, which carried out a documentary study with a non-probabilistic sample selection of sources indexed in national repositories, considering the year of publication and the inclusion of key words for the search. A line of research concerning the intensive use of mobile telephony can be seen, but no longer from its usefulness or risk, but from the emotions involved in the emergence of Stalking, Trollin and Bulling, the main features of the millennial generation in terms of the adoption of mobile phones not for information or communication but as a distinctive expression with respect to other generations of telephone users. The use of mobile phones by millennials, for the purposes of this paper, refers to a system of expression based on emojis or emoticons, in a different sense from other generations.

Este libro es un informe sobre el estudio de los efectos de las limaduras de hierro en algunas propiedades mecánicas del compuesto de poliéster insaturado reforzado con limaduras de hierro. Se fabricaron compuestos de poliéster reforzado con limaduras de hierro de diferentes porcentajes en peso (wt. %), que variaban entre 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% y 30%. Las muestras se sometieron a ensayos de tracción, flexión, dureza y resistencia al impacto. También se realizó una caracterización metalográfica utilizando un microscopio óptico y un microscopio electrónico de barrido para estudiar la morfología de la superficie de las muestras compuestas seleccionadas. Los resultados mostraron notables mejoras en las propiedades mecánicas de los compuestos de poliéster. El trabajo de investigación se llevó a cabo en cumplimiento parcial de la adjudicación de la Maestría en Ciencias (M.Sc.) en Ciencia de los Materiales e Ingeniería, en la Universidad Obafemi Awolowo, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.

Questo libro è una relazione sullo studio degli effetti della limatura di ferro su alcune proprietà meccaniche di un composito di poliestere insaturo rinforzato con limatura di ferro. Sono stati realizzati compositi di poliestere rinforzati con limatura di ferro in diverse percentuali di peso (wt. %), variabili tra 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% e 30%. Sui campioni sono state eseguite prove di trazione, flessione, durezza e resistenza all'impatto. È stata inoltre effettuata una caratterizzazione metallografica utilizzando un microscopio ottico e un microscopio elettronico a scansione per studiare la morfologia superficiale dei campioni di composito selezionati. I risultati hanno mostrato un netto miglioramento delle proprietà meccaniche dei compositi di poliestere. Il lavoro di ricerca è stato svolto a parziale completamento del Master of Science (M.Sc.) in Scienza dei Materiali e Ingegneria, presso la Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.

Ungefähr, die Nutzung von Mobiltelefonen ist das Ergebnis eines Prozesses der Identität, Nützlichkeit, Risiko und Haltung zugunsten der mobilen Technologie, aber das Fehlen eines integralen Modells, in dem die Achsen und Trajektorien der abhängigen Beziehungen zwischen den Variablen in den Zustand der Frage verwendet werden beobachtet ermutigt die vorliegende Forschung, die eine dokumentarische Studie mit einer nicht-probabilistischen Stichprobe Auswahl der Quellen in nationalen Repositorien indiziert, unter Berücksichtigung des Jahres der Veröffentlichung und die Aufnahme von Schlüsselwörtern für die Suche durchgeführt. Eine Forschungslinie, die sich mit der intensiven Nutzung der Mobiltelefonie befasst, ist zu erkennen, aber nicht mehr in Bezug auf ihren Nutzen oder ihr Risiko, sondern in Bezug auf die Emotionen, die mit der Entstehung von Stalking, Trollin und Bulling verbunden sind, den Hauptmerkmalen der Generation der Millennials in Bezug auf die Nutzung von Mobiltelefonen nicht zu Informations- oder Kommunikationszwecken, sondern als eine besondere Ausdrucksform im Vergleich zu anderen Generationen von Telefonnutzern. Die Nutzung von Mobiltelefonen durch Millennials bezieht sich für die Zwecke dieses Papiers auf ein Ausdruckssystem, das auf Emojis oder Emoticons basiert, und zwar in einem anderen Sinne als andere Generationen.

Globale Organisationen zeichnen sich nicht nur durch ihren internationalen Markteinfluss aus, sondern auch durch ihre strategischen Allianzen mit lokalen Unternehmen; Kleinst-, Klein- und Mittelunternehmen als Tochtergesellschaften transnationaler oder multinationaler Produkte. Ein Überblick über die emblematischsten Fälle zeigt, dass globale Organisationen Strategien zur Bildung von intellektuellem Kapital entwickelt haben, die ihre Wettbewerbsvorteile widerspiegeln.

Global'nye organizacii otlichaütsq ne tol'ko swoim wliqniem na mezhdunarodnom rynke, no i strategicheskimi al'qnsami s mestnymi kompaniqmi; mikro-, malye i srednie predpriqtiq qwlqütsq dochernimi kompaniqmi transnacional'nyh ili transnacional'nyh produktow. Obzor naibolee qrkih primerow pokazywaet, chto global'nye organizacii razrabotali strategii formirowaniq intellektual'nogo kapitala, kotorye otrazhaüt ih konkurentnye preimuschestwa.

Im Rahmen politischer Zwangssysteme zeichnen sich die Teilsysteme der öffentlichen Sicherheit durch die Aufstellung von Agenden aus, die sich auf Verbrechensverhütung, Rechtsprechung und soziale Wiedereingliederung konzentrieren. Das Verhältnis zwischen Herrschern und Beherrschten ist jedoch gestört, da sich die Sicherheitssubsysteme auf private Sicherheitsstrategien wie Videoüberwachung und die Einstellung von Leibwächtern verlagert haben.

In the framework of coercive political systems, public security subsystems are distinguished by the establishment of agendas focused on crime prevention, justice delivery and social rehabilitation. However, the relationship between rulers and ruled has been disrupted as security sub-systems have moved towards private security strategies such as video surveillance and the hiring of bodyguards.

Aproximadamente, o uso do celular é resultado de um processo de identidade, utilidade, risco e atitude em favor da tecnologia móvel, mas a ausência de um modelo integral em que se observem os eixos e trajetórias de relações dependentes entre as variáveis utilizadas no estado da questão anima a presente pesquisa, que realizou um estudo documental com seleção amostral não probabilística de fontes indexadas em repositórios nacionais, considerando o ano de publicação e a inclusão de palavras-chave para a busca. É possível observar uma linha de investigação relativa à utilização intensiva da telefonia móvel, mas já não a partir da sua utilidade ou risco, mas a partir das emoções envolvidas na emergência do Stalking, Trollin e Bulling, principais características da geração millennial em termos de adoção de telemóveis não para informação ou comunicação, mas como expressão distintiva em relação a outras gerações de utilizadores de telefones. A utilização de telemóveis pelos millennials, para efeitos do presente documento, refere-se a um sistema de expressão baseado em emojis ou emoticons, num sentido diferente do de outras gerações.

Our current volume of edited book on ¿Current Trends in Management Practices¿ pinpointed several issues on management practices from various disciplines. This edited book addresses different approaches of management practices on entrepreneurship, social responsibility & sustainability. To identify the rudimentary necessities of various research scholars, students, and instructors this book will be very much useful for their academic and research purposes. This edited book contains six chapters articulated on currents trends of management practices which provides a comprehensive idea on various topics of practices such as Role of Green HRM for Organizational Sustainability; A Case Study on MDH and Uniqueness of Hindu Business Model; A Study on Investors Perception towards Mutual Funds investment with special reference to Kolar and Chikkaballapur District; Impact of Micrönance on the Advancement of Women Entrepreneurs in India; Mindful Money Matters: Consumer Consciousness in the Era of Green Banking Practices; Roles & Responsibilities of Entrepreneurs. For all interest groups, we anticipate that this edited volume will be able to address the research challenges.

Dans le cadre des systèmes politiques coercitifs, les sous-systèmes de sécurité publique se distinguent par la mise en place d'agendas axés sur la prévention du crime, l'administration de la justice et la réhabilitation sociale. Cependant, la relation entre gouvernants et gouvernés a été perturbée par l'évolution des sous-systèmes de sécurité vers des stratégies de sécurité privée telles que la vidéosurveillance et l'embauche de gardes du corps.

Le organizzazioni globali si distinguono non solo per la loro influenza sul mercato internazionale, ma anche per le loro alleanze strategiche con aziende locali; micro, piccole e medie imprese come filiali di prodotti transnazionali o multinazionali. Una rassegna dei casi più emblematici suggerisce che le organizzazioni globali hanno sviluppato strategie di formazione del capitale intellettuale che riflettono i loro vantaggi competitivi.

Nell'ambito dei sistemi politici coercitivi, i sottosistemi di sicurezza pubblica si distinguono per la definizione di programmi incentrati sulla prevenzione del crimine, sulla giustizia e sulla riabilitazione sociale. Tuttavia, il rapporto tra governanti e governati è stato interrotto dal passaggio dei sottosistemi di sicurezza a strategie di sicurezza privata, come la videosorveglianza e l'assunzione di guardie del corpo.