Ökonomi & Finanzen

A importância do risco aumentou subitamente após a crise financeira. Foram tomadas diferentes iniciativas para desenvolver uma abordagem de gestão adequada. A gestão do risco empresarial é uma das abordagens avançadas utilizadas pela maioria das empresas multinacionais para gerir o risco. Este artigo tenta descobrir a relação entre a ERM e o valor da empresa. Não existe um fator determinante adequado para medir a gestão do risco empresarial, mas a maioria dos estudos tem utilizado a nomeação do chefe do gabinete de risco como fator determinante da gestão do risco empresarial. Utilizamos as respostas a inquéritos como medida de ERM. Enviámos um questionário em linha a 130 empresas registadas na bolsa de valores de Istambul. Utilizámos o Q de Tobin como medida do valor da empresa. Os nossos resultados mostram que não existe uma relação entre o ERM e o valor da empresa, mas existe uma relação negativa significativa entre o valor da empresa e a alavancagem. Os nossos resultados também mostram que as empresas que praticam o ERM têm uma menor variação na dívida a longo prazo.

Ce travail a pour objectif d¿évaluer l¿effet de l¿aide publique sur le développement économique en RCA sur la période 1990-2017. Nous avons pour cela mis en exergue dans un premier temps l¿effet de l¿aide publique au développement sur la croissance économique en RCA à l¿aide d¿un modèle ARDL. Ensuite, il a été question de déterminer l¿effet de l¿aide publique au développement sur les inégalités en RCA, ceci à l¿aide d¿un model Vectoriel Auto Régressif d¿ordre 2. Les résultats obtenus à partir des données de la Banque Mondiale et de la SWIID suggèrent que l¿aide publique au développement contribue à la croissance économique en RCA à long terme. Toutefois, elle contribue à exacerber les inégalités. Ces conclusions interpellent donc les autorités d¿associer aux programmes d`aide de véritables politiques de redistribution, notamment l¿investissement dans les services sociaux tels que l¿éducation et la santé. Elles devront également mettre un accent particulier sur la qualité institutionnelle, notamment la lutte contre la corruption.

In der Studie wurde eine Analyse des Wachstums der Lebensversicherungsbranche durchgeführt. Die vorliegende Studie ist ein Versuch, das Wachstum der Versicherungsbranche in der Zeit nach der Reform zu beleuchten. In der Studie wurde versucht, die Kundenzufriedenheit mit dem Kundendienst öffentlicher und privater Lebensversicherer zu vergleichen, um deren Leistung zu analysieren. Es wurde versucht, die Kundenpräferenzen in Bezug auf die verschiedenen Programme der verschiedenen Versicherungsgesellschaften zu verstehen.

¿Cómo ahorrar energía en nuestro hogar? Es un ameno manual para repasar Ciencia y Tecnología aplicadas explorando los distintos electrodomésticos del hogar. Está dirigido a todos, ya que se organiza en cuatro niveles: para alumnos de escuela primaria, secundaria, terciaria y adultos.Mediante el aprendizaje de casos prácticos del hogar, busca despertar en el lector el espíritu crítico que caracteriza al científico curioso que todos llevamos dentro.

How to save energy in our home? It is an enjoyable manual to review applied science and technology by exploring the different household appliances. It is aimed at everyone, as it is organized in four levels: for primary, secondary, tertiary and adult students.Through the learning of practical household cases, it seeks to awaken in the reader the critical spirit that characterizes the curious scientist in all of us.

O presente trabalho constitui um estudo exaustivo e atualizado sobre os camarões peneídeos mais amplamente distribuídos nas águas da Índia. A família Penaeidae compreende 20 géneros e 79 espécies das águas indianas e, durante o presente estudo, verificou-se que apenas 24 espécies se encontram mais amplamente distribuídas ao longo da linha costeira indiana. Estas 24 espécies pertencem a 9 géneros da família Penaeidae. Os géneros Penaeus, Metapenaeus e Metapenaeopsis incluem as espécies mais importantes do ponto de vista comercial entre os camarões peneídeos encontrados nas águas da Índia. No presente livro, todos os géneros e espécies são diagnosticados e é fornecida uma chave adequada para a identificação de cada género e espécie da família Penaeoidae. Por último, foi fornecida uma lista completa de referências para cada citação no texto.

Disaster management is a collective term encompassing all aspects of planning for and responding to disasters, including both pre-post disasters activities. The purpose of this book is to highlight nature and cause of natural and man made disasters in Himachal Pradesh and primary emphasis is to analyze the role of Disaster Management in Himachal Pradesh. The conceptual frame work of this book have been divided into 8 Chapters. 1st Chapter is Introduction. 2nd Chapter deals with the Disasters in Himachal Pradesh. 3rd Chapter Concerned with Prevention Mitigation and Risk Reduction Strategies for Disasters. 4th Chapter related to Policy Framework and Organization Disaster Management in Himachal Pradesh. 5th Chapter analyses the role of NGOs, CBOs and VOs in Disaster Management. 6th Chapter emphasis the Role of Media in Disaster Management. 7th Chapter highlight the role of Information, Education ,Communication and Training in Disaster Management. Last but not least 8 Chapter examine with the Problems and Challenges in the Disaster Management System.This book will be helpful to Administration, NGOs, CBOs, VOs, arm force, Police and other concerned departments.

A partir de 1995, a República Federal Democrática da Etiópia tem sido predominantemente administrada por uma estrutura etno-federalista marcada por uma certa distribuição de responsabilidades entre as componentes étnica, nacional, estatal e regional, com o objetivo de manter a integridade territorial global do país. No entanto, apesar dos progressos contínuos em termos de crescimento económico na última década e das tentativas empreendidas para tirar as populações rurais pobres da pobreza, a aplicação do etno-federalismo na Etiópia nos últimos vinte anos tem gerado debates polarizados. O objetivo central deste estudo é reavaliar a estrutura do tipo de federalismo etíope existente há mais de duas décadas e retirar ensinamentos do mesmo. Além disso, espera-se que o estudo forneça informações adicionais aos decisores políticos para reexaminarem a forma de federalismo existente e, assim, modificarem o país para um federalismo democrático autónomo que contribua para a estabilidade e a unidade da Etiópia e que dê à população local o poder de se autogovernar, de modo a poderem avançar e participar num diálogo que negoceie eficazmente os seus interesses, queixas e aspirações.

Na protqzhenii wsej ätoj raboty nam prezhde wsego prihodilos' obsuzhdat' prawowuü prirodu gosudarstwennyh akcij w gosudarstwennoj kompanii. Jeto wmeshatel'stwo gosudarstwa qwlqetsq ne principom, a isklücheniem iz obschestwennogo porqdka, predusmotrennogo stat'ej 4 Edinoobraznogo zakona o prawe kommercheskih kompanij i grupp äkonomicheskih interesow i prawil, i ego ne sleduet putat' s gosudarstwennym interwencionizmom, kotoryj naprawlen na regulirowanie biznesa i zaschitu praw potrebitelej. Gosudarstwennyj interwencionizm i polugosudarstwennaq kompaniq, a takzhe sfera primeneniq stat'i 4. Vo-wtoryh, my rassmotreli osnowaniq dlq newmeshatel'stwa gosudarstwa, proanalizirowaw sferu dejstwiq principa neizwlekaemosti gosudarstwennyh aktiwow; Zatem my predprinqli popytku reformirowat' ätot princip s cel'ü obespecheniq bezopasnosti drugih akcionerow, wystupiw za äffektiwnoe uchastie gosudarstwa w polupublichnoj kompanii. Chto kasaetsq sredstw, sostawlqüschih dolü gosudarstwa w kompanii, to sleduet otmetit', chto oni otnosqtsq k publichnomu dostoqniü gosudarstwa i, sledowatel'no, uprawlqütsq publichnym prawom i mogut regulirowat'sq principom nesankcionirowannogo ispol'zowaniq.

Comment économiser l'énergie dans notre maison ? Ce manuel ludique permet de réviser les sciences appliquées et la technologie en explorant les différents appareils électroménagers. Il s'adresse à tous, puisqu'il est organisé en quatre niveaux : pour les élèves du primaire, du secondaire, du supérieur et pour les adultes.À travers l'apprentissage de cas pratiques issus de la maison, il cherche à éveiller chez le lecteur l'esprit critique qui caractérise le scientifique curieux qui sommeille en chacun de nous.

Jeta kniga issleduet peredachu tehnologij i pobochnye äffekty pri prinqtii kompaniej strategii sliqniq i pogloscheniq (M&A) i daet nam predstawlenie o mezhdunarodnyh delowyh soglasheniqh, kotorye formiruüt sowremennuü biznes-praktiku. Kompanii uchastwuüt w sliqniqh i pogloscheniqh s komplexnymi celqmi - wyjti na nowye rynki, uluchshit' i ukrepit' swoü tehnologicheskuü bazu i bazu znanij, chto w konechnom itoge priwedet k powysheniü konkurentosposobnosti. V literature po mezhdunarodnomu biznesu uzhe priznany nekotorye polozhitel'nye rezul'taty dlq kompanij, aktiwno uchastwuüschih w sliqniqh i pogloscheniqh, poätomu my udelim osoboe wnimanie peretoku tehnologij, transferu, faktoram i prichinam, po kotorym kompanii ispol'zuüt äti metody dlq sowershenstwowaniq. Cel' dannogo issledowaniq - uglubit' znaniq o sliqniqh i pogloscheniqh, predstawit' peredachu tehnologij kak odnu iz osnownyh prichin, po kotoroj kompanii osuschestwlqüt sliqniq i pogloscheniq, i wyqwit' faktory, kotorye imeüt reshaüschee znachenie dlq reakcii ätih kompanij.

Ce programme n'est pas un ouvrage philosophique ou un traité théorique mais un manuel pratique. Il est destiné aux hommes et aux femmes qui ont un besoin pressant d'argent.Vous désirez vous enrichir d'abord et philosopher après ? Jusqu'à présent vous n'avez trouvé ni le temps, ni les moyens, ni l'opportunité de vous consacrer à une étude approfondie de la métaphysique, mais vous voulez des résultats concrets ? Vous êtes prêt à mettre en pratique les conclusions de recherches scientifiques sans avoir à refaire tout le trajet qui a conduit à ces conclusions ?Nous vous demandons d'accepter les postulats fondamentaux de la science de la richesse comme vous acceptez la vérité des lois de l'électricité telles qu'elles sont énoncées par Marconi ou Edison.En accordant votre confiance à ces principes, et qu'en agissant conformément à eux, sans peur ni hésitation, vous aurez la preuve de leur vérité. Tous ceux qui adoptent cette démarche s'enrichiront, car la Science de la Richesse est une science exacte qui rend l'échec impossible.Ce programme vous révèle des secrets pour :- En finir avec les fins de mois difficiles, les dettes, la dépendance aux banques, le manque d'argent qui vous empêche de réaliser tous vos rêves.- Cesser de voir la richesse vous échapper alors que d'autres, moins intelligents et moins doués que vous y parviennent,- Connaître le Secret des fortunes incroyablement rapides,- Savoir non seulement comment devenir riche, mais aussi comment le RESTER pour toujours,- Bénéficier de coïncidences heureuses, de voir les choses venir à vous sans avoir à déployer des efforts surhumains, de faire que la vie "complote" à vous faire réussir,- Attirer les autres à vous. De leur donner envie de vous aider à vous enrichir,Vous libérer à tout jamais de la peur de manquer,- Vous donner les moyens de recevoir ce à quoi vous avez droit et qui vous appartient, mais qui restait jusqu'à présent dans vos rêves sans se matérialiser,- Accumuler un capital qui vous mette à l'abri du besoin et qui vous rende financièrement indépendant.

»Macroeconomics on Money - Actual Observations in Eight Lessons«: Using empirical observations in eight lessons, the former founding rector, university lecturer and expert in economics Thomas von der Vring explains in an understandable way how our monetary system works. As a carefully prepared and well-founded introduction to the complex field of macroeconomics, the book is aimed equally at interested laypeople as well as journalists, teachers and students.

»A Compendium of Economics«: This book offers an accessible overview of the core elements of economic theory. Its target groups are primarily students of economic sciences at colleges and universities, as well as interested readers in general. The main focus lies on the basic models of microeconomic and macroeconomic theory, and the applicability of these models to economic policy.

Das Rechtsmissbrauchsverbot besitzt im Arbeits- und Gesellschaftsrecht eine große Bedeutung. Beide Bereiche weisen einen besonders lückenhaften Normenbestand auf. Zur Lückenschließung greift die Rechtsprechung regelmäßig auf das Rechtsmissbrauchsverbot zurück. Diese Figur ist zwar seit langem in Lehre und Praxis anerkannt, jedoch besteht bis heute große Unklarheit darüber, unter welchen Voraussetzungen ein Verhalten als rechtsmissbräuchlich anzusehen ist. Dies liegt daran, dass Rechtsmissbrauchskontrollen in der Praxis vielfach derart einzelfallbezogen ausfallen, dass sie keine übergreifenden Argumentationsstrukturen erkennen lassen. Ansgar Kalle leistet einen Beitrag zur Schärfung von Rechtsmissbrauchskontrollen. Hierzu analysiert er anhand zahlreicher Fallbeispiele aus der Praxis, wie das Vorliegen eines Rechtsmissbrauchs begründet werden kann und entwickelt entsprechende Argumentationsmuster.

The book offers a comprehensive overview of the challenges and opportunities associated with the transition to sustainable energy, circular economy, and sustainable financing for ESG practices. The publication is needed at this time because the world is facing urgent environmental and social challenges, such as climate change, resource depletion, and social inequality, which require a fundamental transformation of our economic and social systems. The transition to sustainable energy, circular economy, and sustainable financing for ESG practices offers a promising pathway to address these challenges and achieve sustainable development goals.The purpose of the publication is to provide a holistic and practical guide for policymakers, business leaders, investors, and other stakeholders who are interested in advancing sustainable energy, circular economy, and ESG practices. The book covers a range of topics, including the drivers of the transition, policy frameworks and regulations, technology and innovation, business models and financial instruments, and the role of stakeholders in facilitating the transition. It also emphasizes the importance of integrated approaches that balance economic, social, and environmental objectives, and provides practical examples and case studies of successful sustainable energy, circular economy, and ESG practices from around the world.The new contribution of this publication is its interdisciplinary and practical approach to sustainable energy, circular economy, and ESG practices. The book draws on the latest research from various fields, including economics, engineering, environmental science, and social science, and provides a synthesis of best practices and lessons learned from a diverse range of stakeholders, such as governments, businesses, and civil society organizations. The publication also provides a roadmap for how stakeholders can work together overcome the challenges of the transition and create a more sustainable and equitable future.The book is a timely and essential guide for anyone who is interested in advancing sustainable development goals. The book provides a comprehensive overview of the challenges and opportunities associated with the transition to sustainable energy, circular economy, and sustainable financing for ESG practices and offers practical solutions and case studies from around the world. Its interdisciplinary and practical approach makes it a valuable resource for policymakers, business leaders, investors, and other stakeholders who are committed to creating a more sustainable and equitable future.

Den EU-Binnenmarkt zu schützen ist fundamentale Grundvoraussetzung für die Existenz und den Fortbestand der Europäischen Union. Im Lichte dessen wurde am 14. Dezember 2022 die VO 2560/2022 zur Regulierung verzerrender drittstaatlicher Subventionen auf dem EU-Binnenmarkt erlassen. Sie trat im Januar 2023 in Kraft. Das neue Regelungsregime ist dabei ein Novum; überwindet es bisherige klassische dogmatische Grenzen auf EU-Ebene, verbindet klassisch kartellrechtliche Elemente, Elemente des EU-Beihilferechts, des EU-Vergaberechts und des EU-Außenwirtschaftsrechts mit dem Ziel, den EU-Binnenmarkt robuster gegenüber Verzerrungen durch drittstaatliche Subventionen zu machen. Die vorliegende Untersuchung macht es sich zur Aufgabe, die neue Verordnung umfassend auf ihre Rechtmäßigkeit im Sinne der aufzuzeigenden Problemstellung hin zu untersuchen. Dabei liegt den Ausführungen insgesamt die These und deren Überprüfung zugrunde, dass die Verordnung zukünftig keine, wie teilweise gefordert, faktisch völlige Gleichbehandlung zwischen mitgliedstaatlichen Beihilfen und drittstaatlichen Subventionen sichert, die Verordnung gleichwohl aber zum Schutz fairer Wettbewerbsbedingungen auf dem EU-Binnenmarkt beitragen wird.

Examining the impact of property technology on real estate asset management and integrating it into investment strategies.

Student-centered city: Creating a dreamland for learningEducation is the lifeblood of a nation, and students are the beating heart of that stream. But are our cities able to hear the heartbeat of that heart? In today's fast-paced, concrete jungles, are we really creating places that enrich the educational experience of the young generation and nurture their holistic development? This question gives rise to the concept of a student-centered city.An ideal student-centered city is more than just a structure of bricks and mortar. It is an ideology, a philosophy, where every fiber of the city, through its streets, squares, parks, and transportation, is connected to the stimuli of learning. Let us imagine a city where...· Green alleys of learning: Instead of concrete, greenery flows through the arteries of the city. The canopy of trees provides shade, the fragrance of flowers fills the air, and the chirping of birds sings the songs of knowledge. These classrooms are held under the open sky, incorporating nature into the curriculum.· Intersections of knowledge: The doors of libraries are open 24 hours a day, welcoming the curiosity of students. Music halls and artworks enliven the streets, where every step becomes a new experience, a new inspiration. Wise old men sing songs, young artists color imagination, and the wonders of science open up at every intersection.· The voice of safe transportation: Not speeding roads, but bicycle paths and pedestrian paths flowing in the rhythm of the tiny steps of students. Public transportation is safe, affordable, and accessible, emphasizing punctuality. The city map is as clear as an open book, so that any student can reach their destination easily by reading it.Such a city would be a dreamland for learning. It would be a place where students could thrive, both academically and personally. It would be a place where they could learn and grow in a safe, supportive environment.Here are some specific ways to make a city more student-centered:· Invest in green spaces: Green spaces provide a place for students to relax, learn, and play. They can also help to improve air quality and reduce noise pollution.· Make libraries and other cultural institutions accessible: Students should have easy access to resources that can help them learn and grow. This includes libraries, museums, theaters, and art galleries.· Provide safe and affordable transportation: Students should be able to get around the city without having to worry about their safety or their finances. This includes investing in public transportation, bike paths, and pedestrian walkways.

This book explores the evolution of sentiment in economic terms in the press during financial crises applying a combination of sentiment analysis techniques and usage fluctuation analysis on a diachronic corpus derived from editorials in quality newspapers during the Great Recession. The book uncovers two key findings: first, certain economic terms become event words during times of crisis due to their increased use in the press and the general public, revealing rapid semantic changes in economic terms caused by major socio-economic events. Second, sentiment-laden collocations are found to be influenced by culture, highlighting language¿s adaptability to financial upheavals. This work proposes an innovative methodology that combines lexicon-based Sentiment Analysis, Corpus Linguistics, and qualitative Discourse Analysis to shed light on how language shapes economic discourse, making it a valuable resource for scholars exploring the relationship between language and historic events.

Il existe plusieurs options technologiques pour réduire les émissions de GES : la réduction de la consommation d'énergie, l'utilisation efficace de l'énergie (à la fois dans l'utilisation et la conversion de l'énergie), l'utilisation de combustibles à faible teneur en carbone (comme le gaz naturel par rapport au charbon), la promotion des puits naturels de CO2 (comme les forêts, les sols ou les océans), l'utilisation de sources d'énergie à faibles niveaux d'émission de CO2 (comme l'énergie renouvelable ou nucléaire) et le piégeage et le stockage géologique du CO2 (CSC). Selon le rapport du Groupe d'experts intergouvernemental sur l'évolution du climat (GIEC) des Nations unies, le piégeage et le stockage du CO2 contribueraient à hauteur de 15 à 55 % à l'effort global cumulé d'atténuation jusqu'en 2100, se présentant ainsi comme une technologie de transition qui contribuera à l'atténuation du changement climatique.

The study focuses on climate change impacts and local adaptation strategies in the rural community of Rusizi district, Rwanda. Using remote sensing methods, Landsat TM 4-5 satellite images from 2005 and 2015, taken from eartexplorer.usgs.govs, were processed, analyzed and classified using ARC GIS 10.3 software. The interview, pre-survey and survey were supported by a questionnaire addressed to a representative sample of 106 subjects. The results were encoded using EXCEL 2010 software. However, SWOT (or MOFF) was used for qualitative data processing, and statistical data was processed using R 2.15.1 to compare mean frequencies, XLSTAT 2016 to separate mean frequencies at the 5% significance level, and PAST 3.14 to perform logistic regression of impacts and adaptations to climate change...

There are several technological options to reduce GHG emissions: reduction of energy consumption, efficient use of energy (both in energy use and conversion), use of fuels with lower carbon content (such as natural gas versus coal), promotion of natural CO2 sinks (such as forests, soils or oceans), use of energy sources with low CO2 emission levels (such as renewable or nuclear energy) and CO2 Capture and Geological Storage (CCS). According to the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report, CO2 Capture and Storage would contribute between 15 and 55% to the global cumulative mitigation effort until 2100, thus presenting itself as a transition technology that will contribute to mitigating climate change.

Existem várias opções tecnológicas para reduzir as emissões de GEE: redução do consumo de energia, utilização eficiente da energia (tanto na utilização como na conversão), utilização de combustíveis com menor teor de carbono (como o gás natural versus o carvão), promoção de sumidouros naturais de CO2 (como as florestas, os solos ou os oceanos), utilização de fontes de energia com baixos níveis de emissão de CO2 (como as energias renováveis ou a energia nuclear) e Captura e Armazenamento Geológico de CO2 (CCS). De acordo com o relatório do Painel Intergovernamental das Nações Unidas sobre Alterações Climáticas (IPCC), a Captura e Armazenamento de CO2 contribuiria entre 15 e 55% para o esforço global cumulativo de mitigação até 2100, apresentando-se assim como uma tecnologia de transição que contribuirá para mitigar as alterações climáticas.

La performance professionnelle des employés est l'un des éléments les plus importants dans l'évaluation de la performance d'une entreprise, ce qui implique qu'une performance élevée des employés réduit les coûts de production de l'organisation. De nombreuses recherches ont été menées dans le but d'explorer les relations entre la satisfaction professionnelle des employés et les performances des organisations, afin de déterminer s'il existe des relations empiriquement prouvables entre la satisfaction professionnelle des employés et les performances de l'organisation, et vice versa. Les résultats de certaines de ces études ont montré l'existence d'un lien entre la satisfaction au travail des employés et les performances organisationnelles dans les deux sens. La relation tend à être plus forte entre la satisfaction au travail des employés et les performances de l'organisation qu'entre les performances de l'organisation et la satisfaction au travail des employés. L'objectif de cette étude est donc d'examiner les indicateurs ou les facteurs qui influencent les relations bidirectionnelles entre la satisfaction au travail des employés et les performances organisationnelles.