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An in-depth guide of the FreeBSD Operating System Architecture.This manual is available online for free at freebsd.org. This manual is printed in grayscale.

SPARK 2014 is a programming language and a set of verification tools designed to meet the needs of high-assurance software development. SPARK 2014 is based on Ada 2012, both subsetting the language to remove features that defy verification, but also extending the system of contracts and aspects to support modular, formal verification.This manual is available online for free at adacore.com. This manual is printed in grayscale.

SPARK 2014 is a programming language and a set of verification tools designed to meet the needs of high-assurance software development. SPARK 2014 is based on Ada 2012, both subsetting the language to remove features that defy verification, but also extending the system of contracts and aspects to support modular, formal verification.This manual is available online for free at adacore.com. This manual is printed in grayscale.

The SUSE OpenStack Cloud 7 • Deployment Guide provides cloud operators with the information needed to deploy and maintain SUSE OpenStack Cloud administrative units, the Administration Server, the Control Nodes, and the Compute and Storage Nodes. The Administration Server provides all services needed to manage and deploy all other nodes in the cloud. The Control Node hosts all OpenStack components needed to operate virtual machines deployed on the Compute Nodes in the SUSE OpenStack Cloud. Each virtual machine (instance) started in the cloud will be hosted on one of the Compute Nodes. Object storage is managed by the Storage Nodes.Many chapters in this manual contain links to additional documentation resources. These include additional documentation that is available on the system, and documentation available on the Internet.This book is available for free in many languages and different formats on the suse.com web site. This book is printed in grayscale.

The OpenStack project is an open source cloud computing platform for all types of clouds, which aims to be simple to implement, massively scalable, and feature rich. Developers and cloud computing technologists from around the world create the OpenStack project.OpenStack provides an Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS) solution through a set of interrelated services. Each service offers an Application Programming Interface (API) that facilitates this integration. Depending on your needs, you can install some or all services.Many chapters in this manual contain links to additional documentation resources. These include additional documentation that is available on the system, and documentation available on the Internet.This book is available for free in many languages and different formats on the suse.com web site. This book is printed in grayscale.

Stellarium is a software project that allows people to use their home computer as a virtual planetarium. It calculates the positions of the Sun and Moon, planets and stars, and draws how the sky would look to an observer depending on their location and the time. It can also draw the constellations and simulate astronomical phenomena such as meteor showers or comets, and solar or lunar eclipses.Stellarium may be used as an educational tool for teaching about the night sky, as an observational aid for amateur astronomers wishing to plan a night's observing or even drive their telescopes to observing targets, or simply as a curiosity (it's fun!). Because of the high quality of the graphics that Stellarium produces, it is used in some real planetarium projector products and museum projection setups. Some amateur astronomy groups use it to create sky maps for describing regions of the sky in articles for newsletters and magazines, and the exchangeable sky cultures feature invites its use in the field of Cultural Astronomy research and outreach.Color images and text have been converted to grayscale. A link to a free copy of this book as a PDF may be found on stellarium.org.

This manual is a printed edition of the official Org Mode 9.1 Reference Manual - release 9.1.6. A free PDF copy may be found at orgmode.org.Org is a mode for keeping notes, maintaining TODO lists, and project planning with a fast and effective plain-text system. It also is an authoring system with unique support for literate programming and reproducible research.Org is implemented on top of Outline mode, which makes it possible to keep the content of large files well structured. Visibility cycling and structure editing help to work with the tree. Tables are easily created with a built-in table editor. Plain text URL-like links connect to websites, emails, Usenet messages, BBDB entries, and any files related to the projects.Org develops organizational tasks around notes files that contain lists or information about projects as plain text. Project planning and task management makes use of metadata which is part of an outline node. Based on this data, specific entries can be extracted in queries and create dynamic agenda views that also integrate the Emacs calendar and diary. Org can be used to implement many different project planning schemes, such as David Allen's GTD system.

The FreeBSD newcomer will find that the first section of this book guides the user through the FreeBSD installation process and gently introduces the concepts and conventions that underpin UNIX®. Working through this section requires little more than the desire to explore, and the ability to take on board new concepts as they are introduced.Once you have traveled this far, the second, far larger, section of the Handbook is a comprehensive reference to all manner of topics of interest to FreeBSD system administrators. Some of these chapters may recommend that you do some prior reading, and this is noted in the synopsis at the beginning of each chapter.This manual is available online for free at freebsd.org. This manual is printed in grayscale.

The Python Language Reference Release 3.6.4 describes the syntax and "core semantics" of the language. It is terse, but attempts to be exact and complete. The semantics of non-essential built-in object types and of the built-in functions and modules are described in library-index. For an informal introduction to the language, see tutorial-index. For C or C++ programmers, two additional manuals exist: extending-index describes the high-level picture of how to write a Python extension module, and the c-api-index describes the interfaces available to C/C++ programmers in detail.

The Python Tutorial introduces the reader informally to the basic concepts and features of the Python language and system. It helps to have a Python interpreter handy for hands-on experience, but all examples are self-contained, so the tutorial can be read off-line as well.Python is an easy to learn, powerful programming language. It has efficient high-level data structures and a simple but effective approach to object-oriented programming. Python's elegant syntax and dynamic typing, together with its interpreted nature, make it an ideal language for scripting and rapid application development in many areas on most platforms.The Python interpreter and the extensive standard library are freely available in source or binary form for all major platforms from the Python Web site, https://www.python.org/, and may be freely distributed. The same site also contains distributions of and pointers to many free third party Python modules, programs and tools, and additional documentation.The Python interpreter is easily extended with new functions and data types implemented in C or C++ (or other languages callable from C). Python is also suitable as an extension language for customizable applications.For a description of standard objects and modules, see library-index. reference-index gives a more formal definition of the language. To write extensions in C or C++, read extending-index and c-api-index. There are also several books covering Python in depth.This tutorial does not attempt to be comprehensive and cover every single feature, or even every commonly used feature. Instead, it introduces many of Python's most noteworthy features, and will give you a good idea of the language's flavor and style. After reading it, you will be able to read and write Python modules and programs, and you will be ready to learn more about the various Python library modules described in library-index.

GIMP is a multi-platform photo manipulation tool. GIMP is an acronym for GNU Image Manipulation Program. The GIMP is suitable for a variety of image manipulation tasks, including photo retouching, image composition, and image construction. GIMP has many capabilities. It can be used as a simple paint program, an expert quality photo retouching program, an online batch processing system, a mass production image renderer, an image format converter, etc. GIMP is expandable and extensible. It is designed to be augmented with plug-ins and extensions to do just about anything. The advanced scripting interface allows everything from the simplest task to the most complex image manipulation procedures to be easily scripted. One of The GIMP's strengths is its free availability from many sources for many operating systems. Most GNU/Linux distributions include The GIMP as a standard application. The GIMP is also available for other operating systems such as Microsoft Windows or Apple's Mac OS X (Darwin).This manual is available online for free at https://www.gimp.org/docs.

Anyone who wants to get up to speed quickly with LibreOffice will find this Getting Started Guide valuable. You may be new to office software, or you may be familiar with another office suite.This book introduces the main components of LibreOffice: Writer (word processing) Calc (spreadsheets) Impress (presentations) Draw (vector graphics) Base (database) Math (equation editor)It also covers some of the features common to all components, including setup and customization, styles and templates, macro recording, and printing.You can download LibreOffice and manuals for free from http://libreoffice.org/download/

The make utility automatically determines which pieces of a large program need to be recompiled, and issues commands to recompile them. This manual describes GNU make, which was implemented by Richard Stallman and Roland McGrath. This book is available as a free PDF from gnu.org.The Make program is indispensable to maintainers of free software systems. The GNU Make manual, written by the program's original authors, is the definitive tutorial. It also includes an introductory chapter for novice users. The Make utility automates the process of compilation; it is especially useful when the source files of large programs change. It is a small program with a lot of power. This book will show you: How to write your own makefiles Make's rule syntax and how to write your own rules How the Make utility can be configured to automatically put binary and source files in the right places. How to use make to create archive files automatically Define, set and use Make's variables How Make uses targets so that you can broaden or narrow Make's recompilation efforts on demand. And much more! This manual provides a complete explanation of Make, both the basics and extended features.

The SUSE Manager 3.1 - API Documentation guide will help you to learn how to easily automate many of the tasks you perform everyday. All API calls are grouped by common functionality.This book is available for free in many languages and different formats on the suse.com web site. This book is printed in grayscale.

SUSE Manager 3.1 - Advanced Topics Guide is intended for z/VM administrators responsible for operating the IBM z Systems Mainframe. The goal of this guide is to lead an z/VM administrator trained on normal z Systems operating protocols through the installation of SUSE Manager 3.1 onto an existing mainframe system. The intent of this article is not to cover the variety of hardware configuration profiles available on z Systems but instead to provide a foundational overview of the procedure and requirements necessary for a successful SUSE Manager server deployment.This book is available for free in many languages and different formats on the suse.com web site. This book is printed in grayscale.

The SUSE Manager 3.1 - Best Practices Guide describes SUSE recommended best practices for SUSE Manager. This information has been collected from a large number of successful SUSE Manager real world implementations and includes feedback provided by product management, sales and engineering.This chapter will discuss the following topics: Prerequisites Network Requirements Hardware RequirementsThis book is available for free in many languages and different formats on the suse.com web site. This book is printed in grayscale.

SUSE Manager 3.1 - Reference Guide explains the features of the Web interface and is intended for SUSE Manager administrators and administrators with restricted roles for specific tasks. On certain topics we also provide background information, while some chapters contain links to additional documentation resources. The latter include additional documentation available on the installed system as well as documentation on the Internet.This book is available for free in many languages and different formats on the suse.com web site. This book is printed in grayscale.

This quick-start guide will provide you with introductory guidance on setting up SUSE Manager server. You will learn the basics of managing both traditional SUSE Manager clients and Salt clients. This guide is intended for system administrators.This book is available for free in many languages and different formats on the suse.com web site. This book is printed in grayscale.

The GNU SASL Manual gives the reader an understanding of the SASL framework and the GNU SASL implementation, and how the GNU SASL library is used in an application. The manual can be used as a reference manual to get just the information needed about any particular interface of the library. Experienced programmers might want to start looking at the examples at the end of the manual, and then only read up those parts of the interface which are unclear.This manual is available online for free at gnu.org. This manual is printed in grayscale.

GnuTLS is a portable ANSI C based library which implements the protocols ranging from SSL 3.0 to TLS 1.2, accompanied with the required framework for authentication and public key infrastructure. Important features of the GnuTLS library include: Support for TLS 1.2, TLS 1.1, TLS 1.0 and SSL 3.0 protocols. Support for Datagram TLS 1.0 and 1.2. Support for handling and verification of X.509 certificates. Support for password authentication using TLS-SRP. Support for keyed authentication using TLS-PSK. Support for TPM, PKCS #11 tokens and smart-cards.This manual is available online for free at gnutls.org. This manual is printed in grayscale.

This book covers up to version 2.7. GnuCash is personal and small-business financial-accounting software, freely licensed under the GNU GPL and available for GNU/Linux, BSD, Solaris, Mac OS X and Microsoft Windows. This manual is based upon the version released as of February 13, 2018.Designed to be easy to use, yet powerful and flexible, GnuCash allows you to track bank accounts, stocks, income and expenses. As quick and intuitive to use as a checkbook register, it is based on professional accounting principles to ensure balanced books and accurate reports. Features Include: Double-Entry Accounting Stock/Bond/Mutual Fund Accounts Small-Business Accounting Reports, Graphs QIF/OFX/HBCI Import, Transaction Matching Scheduled Transactions Financial Calculations This manual is available online for free at gnu.org. This manual is printed in grayscale.

Bash is the shell, or command language interpreter, for the gnu operating system. The name is an acronym for the 'Bourne-Again SHell', a pun on Stephen Bourne, the author of the direct ancestor of the current Unix shell sh, which appeared in the Seventh Edition Bell Labs Research version of Unix.Bash is largely compatible with sh and incorporates useful features from the Korn shell ksh and the C shell csh. It is intended to be a conformant implementation of the ieee posix Shell and Tools portion of the ieee posix specification (ieee Standard 1003.1). It offers functional improvements over sh for both interactive and programming use.While the gnu operating system provides other shells, including a version of csh, Bash is the default shell. Like other gnu software, Bash is quite portable. It currently runs on nearly every version of Unix and a few other operating systems.This manual is available online for free at gnu.org. This manual is printed in grayscale.

Briefly, a boot loader is the first software program that runs when a computer starts. It is responsible for loading and transferring control to an operating system kernel software (such as Linux or GNU Mach). The kernel, in turn, initializes the rest of the operating system (e.g. a GNU system).GNU GRUB is a very powerful boot loader, which can load a wide variety of free operating systems, as well as proprietary operating systems with chain-loading. GRUB is designed to address the complexity of booting a personal computer; both the program and this manual are tightly bound to that computer platform, although porting to other platforms may be addressed in the future.One of the important features in GRUB is flexibility; GRUB understands filesystems and kernel executable formats, so you can load an arbitrary operating system the way you like, without recording the physical position of your kernel on the disk. Thus you can load the kernel just by specifying its file name and the drive and partition where the kernel resides.This manual is available online for free at gnu.org. This manual is printed in grayscale.

This manual attempts to be a full description of Emacs Lisp. This manual presumes considerable familiarity with the use of Emacs for editing. Most of the GNU Emacs text editor is written in the programming language called Emacs Lisp. You can write new code in Emacs Lisp and install it as an extension to the editor. However, Emacs Lisp is more than a mere extension language; it is a full computer programming language in its own right. You can use it as you would any other programming language. Generally speaking, the earlier chapters describe features of Emacs Lisp that have counterparts in many programming languages, and later chapters describe features that are peculiar to Emacs Lisp or relate specically to editing.This is edition 3.1 of the GNU Emacs Lisp Reference Manual, corresponding to Emacs version 25.2.This manual is available online for free at gnu.org. This manual is printed in grayscale.

As an OpenStack cloud end user, you can provision your own resources within the limits setby cloud administrators. The examples in this guide show you how to perform tasks by using the following methods: OpenStack dashboard: Use this web-based graphical interface, code named horizon, to view, create, and manage resources. OpenStack command-line clients: Each core OpenStack project has a command-line client that you can use to run simple commands to view, create, and manage resources in a cloud and automate tasks by using scripts.You can modify these examples for your specific use cases.Many chapters in this manual contain links to additional documentation resources. These include additional documentation that is available on the system, and documentation available on the Internet.This book is available for free in many languages and different formats on the suse.com web site. This book is printed in grayscale.