Bücher veröffentlicht von BAR Publishing

21 papers from Section 15 (African Prehistory), Acts of the XIVth UISPP Congress, University of Liège, Belgium, 2-8 September 2001.

This volume derives from a symposium held at the University of Wales, Lampeter, in April 1998. The 24 papers cover a wide range of archaeological and ethnographical interests.

This study of legio XX Valeria Victrix combines a personal, historical and archaeological approach to the study of the legion (roughly the first four centuries after Christ) as a whole. Epigraphic and historical evidence is presented for all those individuals known to have served with the Twentieth Legion in their various capacities. Sources are quoted, with translation, for each of these and significant details of the careers discussed. Further aspects of careers generally are considered at the end of the relevant sections. This corpus is supported by a number of indices - of nomenclature, origins, ranks, service and posts held in other units etc., as well as an index of primary sources. Other inscriptions attesting to the presence of the Twentieth legion and its activities in various quarters of the Empire are also collected and presented. This epigraphic evidence is drawn together with that of the archaeological and historical sources, and with the copious modern literature on the subject of the Roman Army, to present a history of the Twentieth Legion from its formation out of the legions of the civil wars of the late Republic, to its uncertain end in the changing conditions of the late third and fourth centuries. Particular emphasis is placed on the role of individuals and the light that their careers can shed on the history and activities of the legion. Studies on a number of other aspects of the history and organization of the legion are appended.

This book includes eight papers from a workshop held at the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, in 2001.

The positioning of the legions of the Imperial Roman army provides a window into both the thinking and the course of events during the period from 30 B.C. to 300 A.D. When one can identify the locations and date the redeployments of the legions, it is possible to recreate the planning that caused the army to be so placed. Redeployments, of necessity, shows a major shift of events or a significant refocussing of the strategic thinking of the then ruling emperor at that particular moment. This book starts from the assumption that a legion's headquarters remained at a base until that legion was permanently posted to another base. A legion might temporarily serve in another province, even for more than a year, perhaps with its eagle present, but know that it would return to its permanent base. At any moment in time, a legion might have detachments serving in a variety of locations. Some of these detachments, or vexillations, might be separated from the parent legion for long periods of time at great distances from its permanent headquarters. A great number of scholars have addressed the subject of legion locations, usually one legion or one province at a time. This book attempts to formulate a seamless web of legion locations, deducing from the evidence where the legions must have been during the period. It is a synthesis of what has been written before, and is written with the expectation that in the future new archeological evidence will further refine the information it contains.

This volume is the culmination of a double symposium held in 2001 at the 66th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology in New Orleans. The symposia were entitled "Bridging Formative Mesoamerican Cultures".

15 papers from Phase II of Red Sea Project held in the British Museum October 2004, representing a wide-ranging historical sequence, from the New Kingdom peoples to current semantics.

Using a quotation from the English antiquary John Leland (c. 1503-1552) as their inspiration, the editors provide a fresh look at the monuments of Boston Lincolnshire (eastern England), and in particular the parish church of St Botolph's. Modern-day Boston is a small, sleepy market town, with little of its industrial enterprises having survived into this century, and is nowadays chiefly of importance as a shopping centre for its rich agricultural hinterland. Almost alone of the landmarks of Leland's Boston, St Botolph's remains as a testament in stone to Boston's glory days. It is the tallest parish church tower in the world, with a height of 83m. The nave is 74m long and 32m wide, larger than many cathedrals. This volume results from a 'Study-Day' organised at Boston by the Monumental Brass Society in May 2009 and forming part of the programme to celebrate St Botolph's 700th anniversary. In addition to the papers presented on the day, others have been specially commissioned to give a thorough overview of the town in the later Middle Ages, the architectural history of St Botolph's, the religious guilds which played such an important part of the lives of the townsfolk and, above all, the monuments. To this has been added a detailed illustrated catalogue of the medieval monuments. This book was shortlisted for the 'Flora Murray' prize, an award made annually by the Society for Lincolnshire Archaeology and History, and awarded the 'Certificate of Excellence' at the Society's AGM held in Kirton-in-Lindsey, north Lincolnshire, on Saturday June 15th, 2013. 'As Sally Badham points out in her introduction to this superb volume, St. Botolph's has one of the most important parish church floors in England, having lain relatively undisturbed across the centuries... With great mastery, Stephen Rigby takes us through Boston's rise and decline as a trading port, and through its general history and governance... Linda Monckton greatly enhances our understanding of the architecture of the parish church of St. Botolph's by placing it within a regional context.... Sally Badham's account of these guilds provides the third contextual study... These three contextual chapters do far more than offer background for the study of the monuments. They are significant studies in their own right. Inevitably, however, it is the studies of the monuments themselves that are the heart of the book. Paul Cockerham's chapter on the incised slabs is an important study, elegantly written and eminently quotable... We then turn to the brasses and indents under the expert guidance of Sally Badham, who brings her enviable skills as a detective to bear on the evidence, as well as her unrivalled knowledge of workshops.... One final comment needs to be made. The quality of this book reflects the increasing sophistication in the study of these monuments over recent decades, and the leap in knowledge, understanding and appreciation as a result. It is striking just how much ground-breaking work by members of the Monumental Brass Society, past and present, is cited in the footnotes. The Society is itself a great fellowship, as successful in its own way as any of the medieval guilds.' ('Transactions of the Monumental Brass Society', Volume XVIII, part 5 (2013), 504-7)

Groupe thématique II : Interprétation des donnéesActes de la Xème Session de L'EAA, Lyon Septembre 2004 / Acts of the Xth Session of the EAA Congress, Lyon September 2004Seven papers from the session on Lithics and the Early and Middle Neolithic Chronology in France given at the EAA conference in Lyon in 2004. Work on lithic materials in the widest sense has developed considerably over the last two decades, leading to an almost complete renewal of methods and objectives. From the 1980s onwards there emerged methods which have become classic: investigation of raw materials, creation of reference collections (lithothèques), characterization of procurement modes, studies oftechnology and analyses of use-wear. Relative chronology, mainly established through study of decorated ceramics, is still an essential aspect of our discipline and new data have stimulated debate on the relations between various cultural groups defined on stylistic grounds. This volume aims to review the contribution of lithic studies in both France and neighbouring regions for establishing the cultural sequences of the early and middle Neolithic.

In October 2006, the 3rd International Conference on Prehistoric Ceramics, entitled 'Breaking the Mould: Challenging the Past through Pottery', was hosted by the Department of Archaeology on behalf of the Prehistoric Ceramics Research Group and The Prehistoric Society at the University of Manchester.

Over 700 creatures of land, sea and sky have been recorded from at least 140 Romano-British mosaics. This comprehensively illustrated book is the first detailed study of them. It identifies and discusses the animals, assesses their role in floor decoration, and explains how they were much more than appealing decoration.

The book publishes the proceedings of the workshop held in Rome in March 2012 that was intended to bring together archaeologists, scientists and students involved in the study of use-wear traces on prehistoric stone tools and/or in the identification of micro residues that might be present in them in order to hypothesize their function. Use-wear analysis carried out with microscopic analysis at low or high magnification is, at present, a settled procedure. The individuation and identification of residues is attempted using morphological and chemical techniques, these latter divided between invasive and non-invasive. Each employed technique has its own advantages and limitations. Both traces and residues analysis require a comparison to useful replicas. Even with regard to the making of replicas, no shared protocol exists.The workshop underlined the necessity to outline the basis for developing a common protocol concerning both analysis procedures and replicas realization. The adoption of consistent methods will make it possible for data obtained by multiple researchers to become interchangeable.

This carefully illustrated book tells the fascinating story of how thousands of tons of the much-desired Karystian cipollino marble were transported across the Empire as part of the great Roman marble trade. It is the culmination of years of research by Jeanne Sutherland who describes how great columns and blocks of the green-veined marble were carved from the mountainside quarries, between Karystos and Stira in southern Euboea, and shipped throughout the Empire - from Rome to Libya, Tunisia, Egypt, Turkey, Lebanon and beyond. There it was used to adorn the magnificent temples, theatres, libraries and baths of the great Roman cities, where much can still be seen today. The 19th and 20th centuries saw the reopening of the ancient quarries to supply cipollino for famous buildings in the United Kingdom and Europe. Trade in cipollino still flourishes in the modern quarries.

Some time just after 900 BC a tool was introduced with a shaft of wood and a knife blade of flint. It was manufactured and used for cutting and reaping over a large geographical area. It was included in the ritual depositions of the age. Over time the original intention of making knife blades for a composite tool was renegotiated. The tool became part of a dynamic between old and new, for example, through manufacturing sites, use, and deposits. This original study discusses how interaction between actors and 'actants' during the Late Bronze Age in the area of modern southern Scandinavia created socio-technical networks of change and persistence. Flint technology was a palpable part of this, contributing to a technical shaping of society. At the same time, there was a social shaping of technology. By focusing on manufacturing sites and different ways of making large flint blade-knives the author emphasizes the dynamic between different claims in society, between two social groups - the institution of the transformer and the institution of the innovator. Large flint blade-knives were a point of reference to certain ideas about new technology in the form of the use of flint and iron. This was the dynamic that gradually marginalized older positions of power,and over a long time it had the effect of shaping society in a new way. The author's findings show that this was not to do with a direct change between 'Bronze Age' and 'Iron Age': there was something else in between. This 'something else' has not been formulated before and the results demonstrate how intentions and consequences do not necessarily follow straight lines. Nevertheless, a consequence was - just before 500 BC - that society changed: iron attained widespread distribution and the large flint blade-knives disappeared.

This volume is a collection of the contributions to the Ethnoarchaeology Conference 'Ethnoarchaeology: Current Research and Field Methods' organized by the AIE-Onlus (Italian Society for Ethnoarchaeology) which was held in Rome in May 2010. Five different sessions were arranged: Ethnoarchaeology and Material Culture: Use, Function and Environmental Interaction; Ethnoarchaeology and Material Culture: Social Implications and Mental Patterns; Landscape Ethnoarchaeology: Interaction between Environment and Mechanisms of Choice; Ethnoarchaelogy and Pastoralism; Remote Sensing and Automatic Identification Techniques of the Archaeological Record; Ethnoarchaeology of Urban Environments. Different theoretical and methodological approaches were presented in the course of the Conference, testifying to the plurality of dimensions that traditionally characterize ethnoarchaeology.

Proceedings of the Borger Meetings 2009, The NetherlandsIn November 2009 an international conference on the Trichterbecher Kultur (Funnel Beaker culture; TRB) was held in Borger, the Netherlands. The conference was titled: From funeral monuments to household pottery - current advances in TRB research. The aim of this conference was to bring together TRB specialists from all over the world. In principle the entire TRB culture and all of its aspects were covered in the conference: from megalithic tombs, burials, ritual deposits and pottery, to settlements and recent megalithic excavations.

This volume forms the proceedings of the conference, Egypt in its African Context, which took place at The Manchester Museum, University of Manchester, UK, on the 3-4 October 2009. The conference at Manchester had a number of aims: to address perceptions of Ancient Egypt in the West, in scholarly writing and public understanding; to present a scholarly approach to the subject of Egypt in Africa in order to counterbalance the extreme Afrocentric views within which such a debate is often contextualised; to investigate how community groups and professional Egyptologists can transfer their knowledge and points of view; and to present the work of scholars working on African-centred Egyptology to a wider audience - including the traditional academic Egyptological community.

The Middle Kingdom (c. 2000 - 1500 BC) is in many respects the classical period of ancient Egyptian history and culture. During the two main periods of this era there were profound changes in administration and material culture. The office of the treasurer was established in the Early Middle Kingdom as one of the highest offices at the royal palace. As a result of recent finds of stelae and other material, this volume presents an in-depth study of two important treasurers, as well as many of the minor officials in their administrations.

9 papers from the session on Mesolithic/Neolithic Interactions in the Balkans and in the Middle Danube Basin held at the 15th UISPP Congress in Lisbon in September 2006.

Portal tombs, of which there are approximately 180 in Ireland, are the least studied of the great megaliths of Neolithic Ireland. Three aspects are specifically focussed on in the present study: landscape siting of the portal tombs, portal tomb morphology, and evidence for ritual in the construction and use of portal tombs.

The present study offers new information on salt production in Michoacán, broadening our perspectives on the role played by common salt, or sodium chloride, in the cultural development of the pre-Hispanic Tarascan state. The research on which this book is based began in 1996 with an interdisciplinary perspective that combines archaeological, ethnographic, and ethnohistorical approaches, as well as oral history. The geographical areas where fieldwork was conducted by the author were the eastern part of the Lake Cuitzeo Basin, and the northern area of the Michoacán coast with the adjoining coastal strip in southern Colima. In these areas one can still find saltworks that employ traditional production techniques, similar to those utilized in pre-Hispanic times, as reported in 16th century sources. The research focused on the cultural and technological processes and the material culture associated with salt-making, especially the artefacts and techniques used by the salt-makers, and their archaeological visibility. We also used ethnohistorical information to document the ancient salt-making techniques in Michoacán and neighbouring areas. The main goal of this research was thus to obtain, through ethnographic observation, processual information that would aid in the interpretation of the archaeological record by means of analogy.

Edited by Marie-Yvane Daire, Catherine Dupont, Anna Baudry, Cyrille Billard, Jean-Marc Large, Laurent Lespez, Eric Normand and Chris Scarre with the collaboration of Francis Bertin, Chloé Martin and Kate SharpeThis book presents the proceedings of the International conference 'HOMER 2011' (Ancient maritime communities and the relationship between people and environment along the European Atlantic coasts) held at the Palais des Arts et des Congrès, Vannes (France) between 28 September and 1 October 2011. This event was the first international scientific meeting devoted to the archaeology of coastal populations and the interactions between people and the environment in the geographical domain of the English Channel and Atlantic Europe. Recent advances in the archaeology of coasts and islands in the interlinked Atlantic, English Channel and north Sea complex were explored during the seven sessions of the conference, both through syntheses and through presentations focusing on individual research projects, some of them completed, others still ongoing.

This volume collates 99 papers in honour of Maurizio Tosi's 70th birthday. Contributions by diverse authors, on very diverse and sometimes unrelated topics reflect the breadth of Maurizio's own exceptional scientific investigations that took him through America, Asia, Arabia and India to follow a career path at times truly unique in his research. This book, as one can see running through many of the contributions presented here, offers a unique opportunity for all of us, as it will be for him too, to read directly in the words of his friends and colleagues, near and far, alongside the results of original research presented in the various papers, the many impressions, memories, criticisms, disappointments and joys of paths which crossed with his.

This major study of pithoi storage vessels has two aims: To present in detail the technology of making storage vases without the use of a potter's wheel, as this survived in the area of the Gulf of Messenia (SW Greece), and to compare it with other techniques which have been used to make storage vases over time. Data from original fieldwork by the author on the subject of storage vases are presented also from Crete, Chios and Siphnos. The other aim is to present the technology and dating of the sherds coming from storage vases found in ancient Messene. To facilitate an understanding of the subject, the author gives an historical retrospection on the presence and use of storage vases in different periods, through citing indicative examples. The analytical presentation of the technology of storage vases starts from the types of workshops, the kinds of clays, the techniques of extracting, processing and preparing the raw materials, the different techniques of making, decorating and firing the vases. The study focuses on the presence of non-plastic materials (temper) as integral elements of the technology of large storage vases. The study then goes on to present, date and comment on the technology or the material from ancient Messene, as well as material from other regions of Greece for which there is technological commentary. This is followed by the presentation of the results of research in the Gulf of Messenia, which focuses on the manmade and the natural environment, the technology of making the vases and the ways in which they are distributed. The resultant data, in combination with the presentation of the techniques, sketch all the facets of the climax and decline of vase making activity, while the technological choices and the differentiations in the storage vases in the specific place and time are evaluated and interpreted.

This volume details the results of the first intra-site examination of Chinese gold miners' camps in Australia and the compositional analyses of Chinese-made ceramic vessels found there. Ceramic collections from five southeastern New South Wales goldfields, dating from the mid-nineteenth to early-twentieth century, were examined. Traditional and non-traditional methods of ceramic analysis were used to answer major questions and thus expand the archaeology of the Chinese in Australia. The analyses enabled conclusions to be drawn about the active role of vessels in everyday life, not only within the domestic sphere but also in communal aspects of food and feasting. On a broader scale, the research considered the nature of Chinese supply networks and revealed how western-style ceramics became appropriate substitutes for Chinese-made vessels as supply sources changed. This study was also the first comparison of contemporary assemblages from Chinese and non-Chinese sites in the same region, evaluating the Chinese access to western ceramic markets, particularly British-made wares. The analysis of ceramic artefacts has given an insight into the Chinese miners' lives, from the beginning of the gold rush when many worked under the control of a headman to the later nineteenth century when families were at the camps. Overall, this research has highlighted short and long-term occupation sites and established that these camps were not homogenous or static settlements, they changed over time.

This work examines the effectiveness of the use of GIS and GIS viewsheds as tools in the study of medieval castles in Ireland. To date, archaeological usage of GIS viewsheds has centred on prehistoric funerary sites. Little work has been done using GIS in relation to medieval castles, a subject and time-frame which is well documented. To date, no work has tested GIS and viewshed analysis across a wide comparative sample of castles. This study uses GIS to examine the visibility of and the views from structures about which much is known. A comparable set of twenty sample castles were taken from a particular period in one social/geographical context, the first century of English lordship in Ireland. Research objectives included exploring the priorities of the first three generations of Anglo-Norman castle builders in Ireland, by determining if there are patterns in site choices. Specifically the project aims to establish whether visibility may have played a role in the siting of these castles.

Studies in Contemporary and Historical Archaeology 7This, the seventh volume in the series, brings together papers from the sixth CHAT Conference (2008), held at UCL on the theme of 'Heritage'.

Soprintendenza ai Beni Archeologici di Salerno, Avellino, Benevento e CasertaThis volume presents a compendium of the history of the city of Suessa (Sessa Aurunca - northern Campania, Italy) which was the principal settlement of the Italic peoples of Ausoni-Aurunci, and later became one of the most important cities of ancient Campania Felix. Based on the most recent archaeological discoveries, the authors examine both the urban structure of the city from Roman times and some of the main places devoted to public life (such as the forum and the theatre), as well the suburban infrastructure, such as the roads connecting Suessa to the cities nearby. The work includes a review of the important figure of Matidia Minor and her much lauded philanthropy, of which there are so many testimonies in this part of ancient Italy. Two significant ancient monuments brought to light in this city are fully examined: The Roman theatre of the Imperial era and also the large suburban villa with its marbles, paintings, and mosaics.

Edited by Dionisius A. Agius, John P. Cooper, Athena Trakadas and Chiara ZazzaroProceedings of Red Sea Project V held at the University of Exeter, 16-19 September 2010British Foundation for the Study of Arabia Monographs No. 12

In 2006 and 2007, a 94km-long gas pipeline was excavated across the Pennines, from Pannal in North Yorkshire, to Nether Kellet in Lancashire (N/W England). Around twenty archaeological excavations were undertaken to mitigate the impact of the construction of the pipeline on the archaeology of the route, and these form the subject of this volume. The excavated remains were generally slight and were widely scattered along the route; the range of periods they represent is equally broad and intermittent. The earliest recorded evidence was a Mesolithic flint scatter from Ribblesdale. Bronze Age activity was represented by ringworks, burnt mounds and rock art, with an apparent concentration on the Craven lowlands during this period. The prehistoric remains seem to reveal a low and shifting population, more concerned with monumentality and remembering than with settlement and land division. Very few traces of activity attributable to the 1st millennium BC were encountered. Romano-British remains were surprisingly sparse considering the military infrastructure and transport network inserted into the region at this time. The pattern of slight and transient landuse with low levels of material culture, established in prehistory, appears to have been an enduring characteristic of the area. The excavations along the Pannal to Nether Kellet pipeline have undoubtedly helped to characterise the archaeological resource of the Pennine river valleys through which it passed, and have refined the understanding of the distribution and chronology of various activities and site types across a range of time periods. Some questions have been answered, and many new ones framed. These sites now exist as a comparator for future work, both in the local area and nationally.