Bücher veröffentlicht von Birkhauser

Offers an introduction to technical and constructional open space planning, with all the relevant topics, from the most common materials and surfaces to the construction of open space elements and the use of plants.

New fundamentals for designing future-oriented housing This book shows how architectural design can improve housing. It looks at 14 innovative multiunit dwelling projects through the lenses of current research on urban housing systems, driven by questions on social, environmental, and economic sustainability. Residential buildings designed for diverse cultural contexts are brought together and examined according to spatial antonyms: the individual and communal, the interior and exterior, and the determined and undetermined, to create a resource for future architectural practice. The book concentrates on design decisions and incorporates rich illustrations and conversations with architects and residents. It follows a series of talks curated by the Melbourne School of Design to extend the debate on the missing links between architectural practice and housing research. New fundamentals for designing future-oriented housing In-detail portraits of 14 impactful multi-unit dwelling projects by international architecture offices A rich set of illustrations created exclusively for this book

Metric algebraic geometry combines concepts from algebraic geometry and differential geometry. Building on classical foundations, it offers practical tools for the 21st century. Many applied problems center around metric questions, such as optimization with respect to distances.After a short dive into 19th-century geometry of plane curves, we turn to problems expressed by polynomial equations over the real numbers. The solution sets are real algebraic varieties. Many of our metric problems arise in data science, optimization and statistics. These include minimizing Wasserstein distances in machine learning, maximum likelihood estimation, computing curvature, or minimizing the Euclidean distance to a variety.This book addresses a wide audience of researchers and students and can be used for a one-semester course at the graduate level. The key prerequisite is a solid foundation in undergraduate mathematics, especially in algebra and geometry. This is an openaccess book.

The book gives the basic results of the theory of the spaces Ap¿ of functions holomorphic in the unit disc, halfplane and in the finite complex plane, which depend on functional weights ¿ permitting any rate of growth of a function near the boundary of the domain. This continues and essentially improves M.M. Djrbashian's theory of spaces Ap¿ (1945) of functions holomorphic in the unit disc, the English translation of the detailed and complemented version of which (1948) is given in Addendum to the book. Besides, the book gives the ¿-extensions of M. M. Djrbashian's two factorization theories of functions meromorphic in the unit disc of 1945-1948 and 1966-1975 to classes of functions delta-subharmonic in the unit disc and in the half-plane.The book can be useful for a wide range of readers. It can be a good handbook for Master, PhD students and Postdoctoral Researchers for enlarging their knowledge and analytical methods, as well as a useful resource for scientists who want to extend their investigation fields.

Many philosophers, physicists, and mathematicians have wondered about the remarkable relationship between mathematics with its abstract, pure, independent structures on one side, and the wilderness of natural phenomena on the other. Famously, Wigner found the "effectiveness" of mathematics in defining and supporting physical theories to be unreasonable, for how incredibly well it worked. Why, in fact, should these mathematical structures be so well-fitting, and even heuristic in the scientific exploration and discovery of nature? This book argues that the effectiveness of mathematics in physics is reasonable. The author builds on useful analogies of prime numbers and elementary particles, elementary structure kinship and the structure of systems of particles, spectra and symmetries, and for example, mathematical limits and physical situations. The two-dimensional Ising model of a permanent magnet and the proofs of the stability of everyday matter exemplify such effectiveness, and the power of rigorous mathematical physics. Newton is our original model, with Galileo earlier suggesting that mathematics is the language of Nature.

This volume presents modern developments in analysis, PDEs and geometric analysis by some of the leading worldwide experts, prominent junior and senior researchers who were invited to be part of the Ghent Analysis & PDE Center Methusalem Seminars from 2021 to 2022. The contributions are from the speakers of the Methusalem Colloquium, Methusalem Junior Seminar and Geometric Analysis Seminar. The volume has two main topics: 1. Analysis and PDEs. The volume presents recent results in fundamental problems for solving partial integro-differential equations in different settings such as Euclidean spaces, manifolds, Banach spaces, and many others. Discussions about the global and local solvability using micro-local and harmonic analysis methods, studies of new techniques and approaches arising from a physical perspective or the mathematical point of view have also been included. Several connected branches arising in this regard are shown. 2. Geometric analysis. The volume presents studies of modern techniques for elliptic and subelliptic PDEs that in recent times have been used to establish new results in differential geometry and differential topology. These topics involve the intrinsic research in microlocal analysis, geometric analysis, and harmonic analysis abroad. Different problems having relevant geometric information for different applications in mathematical physics and other problems of classification have been considered.

This monograph provides a rigorous, encyclopedic treatment of the fundamental topics in real analysis, functional analysis, and measure theory. The result of many years of the author's careful and extensive work, this text synthesizes and builds upon the existing literature in an effort to develop and solidify the theory of measure-theoretic calculus in abstract spaces. Standard results and proofs are illustrated in general abstract settings under rigorous treatment, and numerous ancillary topics are also covered in detail, such as functional analytic treatment of optimization, probability theory, and the theory of Sobolev spaces. Applied mathematicians and researchers working in control theory, operations research, economics, optimization theory, and many other areas will find this text to be a comprehensive and invaluable resource. It can also serve as an analysis textbook for graduate-level students.

Semi-Infinite Geometry is a theory of "doubly infinite-dimensional" geometric or topological objects. In this book the author explains what should be meant by an algebraic variety of semi-infinite nature. Then he applies the framework of semiderived categories, suggested in his previous monograph titled Homological Algebra of Semimodules and Semicontramodules, (Birkhäuser, 2010), to the study of semi-infinite algebraic varieties. Quasi-coherent torsion sheaves and flat pro-quasi-coherent pro-sheaves on ind-schemes are discussed at length in this book, making it suitable for use as an introduction to the theory of quasi-coherent sheaves on ind-schemes. The main output of the homological theory developed in this monograph is the functor of semitensor product on the semiderived category of quasi-coherent torsion sheaves, endowing the semiderived category with the structure of a tensor triangulated category. The author offers two equivalent constructions of the semitensor product, as well as its particular case, the cotensor product, and shows that they enjoy good invariance properties. Several geometric examples are discussed in detail in the book, including the cotangent bundle to an infinite-dimensional projective space, the universal fibration of quadratic cones, and the important popular example of the loop group of an affine algebraic group.

This work gives a coherent introduction to isoperimetric inequalities in Riemannian manifolds, featuring many of the results obtained during the last 25 years and discussing different techniques in the area. Written in a clear and appealing style, the book includes sufficient introductory material, making it also accessible to graduate students. It will be of interest to researchers working on geometric inequalities either from a geometric or analytic point of view, but also to those interested in applying the described techniques to their field.

Computational fluid-structure interaction (FSI) and flow simulation are challenging research areas that bring solution and analysis to many classes of problems in science, engineering, and technology. Young investigators under the age of 40 are conducting much of the frontier research in these areas, some of which is highlighted in this volume. The first author of each chapter took the lead role in carrying out the research presented. Some of the topics explored includeDirect flow simulation of objects represented by point cloudsComputational investigation of leaflet flutter in thinner biological heart valve tissuesHigh-fidelity simulation of hydrokinetic energy applicationsHigh-resolution isogeometric analysis of car and tire aerodynamicsComputational analysis of air-blast-structure interactionHeart valve computational flow analysis with boundary layer and leaflet contact representationComputational thermal multi-phase flow for metal additive manufacturingThis volume will be a valuable resource for early-career researchers and students - not only those interested in computational FSI and flow simulation, but also other fields of engineering and science, including fluid mechanics, solid mechanics, and computational mathematics - as it will provide them with inspiration and guidance for conducting their own successful research. It will also be of interest to senior researchers looking to learn more about successful research led by those under 40 and possibly offer collaboration to these researchers.

This volume presents a timely overview of control theory and inverse problems, and highlights recent advances in these active research areas. The chapters are based on talks given at the spring school "Control & Inverse Problems" held in Monastir, Tunisia in May 2022. In addition to providing a snapshot of these two areas, chapters also highlight breakthroughs on more specific topics, such as: Controllability of dynamical systems Information transfer in multiplier equations Nonparametric instrumental regression Control of chained systems The damped wave equation Control and Inverse Problems will be a valuable resource for both established researchers as well as more junior members of the community.

Over the course of his distinguished career, Robert Strichartz (1943-2021) had a substantial impact on the field of analysis with his deep, original results in classical harmonic, functional, and spectral analysis, and in the newly developed analysis on fractals. This is the first volume of a tribute to his work and legacy, featuring chapters that reflect his mathematical interests, written by his colleagues and friends. An introductory chapter summarizes his broad and varied mathematical work and highlights his profound contributions as a mathematical mentor. The remaining articles are grouped into three sections - functional and harmonic analysis on Euclidean spaces, analysis on manifolds, and analysis on fractals - and explore Strichartz' contributions to these areas, as well as some of the latest developments.

This book addresses the issue of uniqueness of a solution to a problem - a very important topic in science and technology, particularly in the field of partial differential equations, where uniqueness guarantees that certain partial differential equations are sufficient to model a given phenomenon. This book is intended to be a short introduction to uniqueness questions for initial value problems. One often weakens the notion of a solution to include non-differentiable solutions. Such a solution is called a weak solution. It is easier to find a weak solution, but it is more difficult to establish its uniqueness. This book examines three very fundamental equations: ordinary differential equations, scalar conservation laws, and Hamilton-Jacobi equations. Starting from the standard Gronwall inequality, this book discusses less regular ordinary differential equations. It includes an introduction of advanced topics like the theory of maximal monotone operators as wellas what is called DiPerna-Lions theory, which is still an active research area. For conservation laws, the uniqueness of entropy solution, a special (discontinuous) weak solution is explained. For Hamilton-Jacobi equations, several uniqueness results are established for a viscosity solution, a kind of a non-differentiable weak solution. The uniqueness of discontinuous viscosity solution is also discussed. A detailed proof is given for each uniqueness statement. The reader is expected to learn various fundamental ideas and techniques in mathematical analysis for partial differential equations by establishing uniqueness. No prerequisite other than simple calculus and linear algebra is necessary. For the reader's convenience, a list of basic terminology is given at the end of this book.

This volume collects contributions from participants in the IWOTA conference held virtually at Lancaster, UK, originally scheduled in 2020 but postponed to August 2021. It includes both survey articles and original research papers covering some of the main themes of the meeting.

This book contains the lecture series originally delivered at the Advanced Course on Limit Cycles of Differential Equations in the Centre de Rechercha Mathematica Barcelona in 2006. It covers the center-focus problem for polynomial vector fields, and the application of abelian integrals to limit cycle bifurcations. Both topics are related to the authors' interests in Hilbert's sixteenth problem, but would also be of interest to those working more generally in the qualitative theory of dynamical systems.

This monograph presents the geometric foundations of continuum mechanics. An emphasis is placed on increasing the generality and elegance of the theory by scrutinizing the relationship between the physical aspects and the mathematical notions used in its formulation. The theory of uniform fluxes in affine spaces is covered first, followed by the smooth theory on differentiable manifolds, and ends with the non-smooth global theory. Because continuum mechanics provides the theoretical foundations for disciplines like fluid dynamics and stress analysis, the author¿s extension of the theory will enable researchers to better describe the mechanics of modern materials and biological tissues. The global approach to continuum mechanics also enables the formulation and solutions of practical optimization problems.Foundations of Geometric Continuum Mechanics will be an invaluable resource for researchers in the area, particularly mathematicians, physicists, and engineers interested in the foundational notions of continuum mechanics.

This volume is dedicated to the memory of Sergey Naboko (1950-2020). In addition to original research contributions covering the vast areas of interest of Sergey Naboko, it includes personal reminiscences and comments on the works and legacy of Sergey Naboko's scientific achievements. Areas from complex analysis to operator theory, especially, spectral theory, are covered, and the papers will inspire current and future researchers in these areas.

This monograph provides a comprehensive study of a typical and novel function space, known as the $\mathcal{N}_p$ spaces. These spaces are Banach and Hilbert spaces of analytic functions on the open unit disk and open unit ball, and the authors also explore composition operators and weighted composition operators on these spaces. The book covers a significant portion of the recent research on these spaces, making it an invaluable resource for those delving into this rapidly developing area. The authors introduce various weighted spaces, including the classical Hardy space $H^2$, Bergman space $B^2$, and Dirichlet space $\mathcal{D}$. By offering generalized definitions for these spaces, readers are equipped to explore further classes of Banach spaces such as Bloch spaces $\mathcal{B}^p$ and Bergman-type spaces $A^p$. Additionally, the authors extend their analysis beyond the open unit disk $\mathbb{D}$ and open unit ball $\mathbb{B}$ by presenting families of entire functions in the complex plane $\mathbb{C}$ and in higher dimensions. The Theory of $\mathcal{N}_p$ Spaces is an ideal resource for researchers and PhD students studying spaces of analytic functions and operators within these spaces.

Mark Vishik was one of the prominent figures in the theory of partial differential equations. His ground-breaking contributions were instrumental in integrating the methods of functional analysis into this theory.The book is based on the memoirs of his friends and students, as well as on the recollections of Mark Vishik himself, and contains a detailed description of his biography: childhood in Lwów, his connections with the famous Lwów school of Stefan Banach, a difficult several year long journey from Lwów to Tbilisi after the Nazi assault in June 1941, going to Moscow and forming his own school of differential equations, whose central role was played by the famous Vishik Seminar at the Department of Mechanics and Mathematics at Moscow State University. The reader is introduced to a number of remarkable scientists whose lives intersected with Vishik's, including S. Banach, J. Schauder, I. N. Vekua, N. I. Muskhelishvili, L. A. Lyusternik, I. G. Petrovskii, S. L. Sobolev, I. M. Gelfand, M. G. Krein, A. N. Kolmogorov, N. I. Akhiezer, J. Leray, J.-L. Lions, L. Schwartz, L. Nirenberg, and many others.The book also provides a detailed description of the main research directions of Mark Vishik written by his students and colleagues, as well as several reviews of the recent development in these directions.

These lecture notes are dedicated to the mathematical modelling, analysis and computation of interfaces and free boundary problems appearing in geometry and in various applications, ranging from crystal growth, tumour growth, biological membranes to porous media, two-phase flows, fluid-structure interactions, and shape optimization.We first give an introduction to classical methods from differential geometry and systematically derive the governing equations from physical principles. Then we will analyse parametric approaches to interface evolution problems and derive numerical methods which will be thoroughly analysed. In addition, implicit descriptions of interfaces such as phase field and level set methods will be analysed. Finally, we will discuss numerical methods for complex interface evolutions and will focus on two phase flow problems as an important example of such evolutions.

This monograph highlights the connection between the theory of neutron transport and the theory of non-local branching processes. By detailing this frequently overlooked relationship, the authors provide readers an entry point into several active areas, particularly applications related to general radiation transport. Cutting-edge research published in recent years is collected here for convenient reference. Organized into two parts, the first offers a modern perspective on the relationship between the neutron branching process (NBP) and the neutron transport equation (NTE), as well as some of the core results concerning the growth and spread of mass of the NBP. The second part generalizes some of the theory put forward in the first, offering proofs in a broader context in order to show why NBPs are as malleable as they appear to be. Stochastic Neutron Transport will be a valuable resource for probabilists, and may also be of interest to numerical analysts and engineersin the field of nuclear research.

This volume collects the proceedings of the International Conference on Recent Developments in Mathematics (ICRDM), held at Canadian University Dubai, UAE, in August 2022. It is the first of two volumes, this first volume focuses on recent advances in algebra and analysis, and the second volume covers more applied topics. Each chapter identifies existing challenges in these theoretical areas, and highlights the importance of establishing new theorems and algorithms to address them. Recent Developments in Algebra and Analysis will appeal to a range of postgraduate students and researchers who are interested in exploring more on these areas and play an integral role in modern science.

During his long and distinguished career, J. Rowland Higgins (1935-2020) made a substantial impact on many mathematical fields through his work on sampling theory, his deep knowledge of its history, and his service to the community. This volume is a tribute to his work and legacy, featuring chapters written by distinguished mathematicians that explore cutting-edge research in sampling, approximation, signal analysis, and other related areas. An introductory chapter provides a biography of Higgins that explores his rich and unique life, along with a bibliography of his papers; a brief history of the SampTA meetings ¿ of which he was a Founding Member ¿ is also included. The remaining articles are grouped into four sections ¿ classical sampling, theoretical extensions, frame theory, and applications of sampling theory ¿ and explore Higgins¿ contributions to these areas, as well as some of the latest developments.

Resolution of singularities is notorious as a difficult topic within algebraic geometry. Recent work, aiming at resolution of families and semistable reduction, infused the subject with logarithmic geometry and algebraic stacks, two techniques essential for the current theory of moduli spaces. As a byproduct a short, a simple and efficient functorial resolution procedure in characteristic 0 using just algebraic stacks was produced. The goals of the book, the result of an Oberwolfach Seminar, are to introduce readers to explicit techniques of resolution of singularities with access to computer implementations, introduce readers to the theories of algebraic stacks and logarithmic structures, and to resolution in families and semistable reduction methods.

This monograph addresses two significant related questions in complex geometry: the construction of a Chern character on the Grothendieck group of coherent sheaves of a compact complex manifold with values in its Bott-Chern cohomology, and the proof of a corresponding Riemann-Roch-Grothendieck theorem. One main tool used is the equivalence of categories established by Block between the derived category of bounded complexes with coherent cohomology and the homotopy category of antiholomorphic superconnections. Chern-Weil theoretic techniques are then used to construct forms that represent the Chern character. The main theorem is then established using methods of analysis, by combining local index theory with the hypoelliptic Laplacian.Coherent Sheaves, Superconnections, and Riemann-Roch-Grothendieck is an important contribution to both the geometric and analytic study of complex manifolds and, as such, it will be a valuable resource for many researchers in geometry, analysis, and mathematical physics.

This book is based on the lectures given at the Oberwolfach Seminar held in Fall 2021. Logarithmic Gromov-Witten theory lies at the heart of modern approaches to mirror symmetry, but also opens up a number of new directions in enumerative geometry of a more classical flavour. Tropical geometry forms the calculus through which calculations in this subject are carried out. These notes cover the foundational aspects of this tropical calculus, geometric aspects of the degeneration formula for Gromov-Witten invariants, and the practical nuances of working with and enumerating tropical curves. Readers will get an assisted entry route to the subject, focusing on examples and explicit calculations.

This monograph explores the problem of boundary regularity and analytic continuation of holomorphic mappings between domains in complex Euclidean spaces. Many important methods and techniques in several complex variables have been developed in connection with these questions, and the goal of this book is to introduce the reader to some of these approaches and to demonstrate how they can be used in the context of boundary properties of holomorphic maps. The authors present substantial results concerning holomorphic mappings in several complex variables with improved and often simplified proofs. Emphasis is placed on geometric methods, including the Kobayashi metric, the Scaling method, Segre varieties, and the Reflection principle. Geometry of Holomorphic Mappings will provide a valuable resource for PhD students in complex analysis and complex geometry; it will also be of interest to researchers in these areas as a reference.

This volume contains the contributions of the participants of the 13th International ISAAC Congress 2021, held in Ghent, Belgium.The papers, written by respected international experts, address recent results in mathematics, with a special focus on analysis. The volume provides to both specialists and non-specialists an excellent source of information on current research in mathematical analysis and its various interdisciplinary applications.