Bücher veröffentlicht von Duncker & Humblot GmbH

»Crowdwork«Digital platforms make it possible to put tasks out to tender to a large number of people (so-called crowdworkers) in order to get results delivered quickly and cost-effectively. The author explores the legal requirements that apply to the benefit of crowdworkers. In particular, he examines the legal status of these people in terms of labour law and social security.

The assessment basis of § 7 (1) sentence 5 EStG (German Income Tax Code) is intended to prevent taxpayers from claiming »double depreciation« by transferring an asset used to generate surplus income to their business assets. The thesis discusses the legal provision and shows that there are still arrangements possible for the multiple deduction of expenses. Based on the tax principles, a proposed solution is developed which shall enable an appropriate taxation.

»Corona and the German Constitution«There has never been such a suspension of human rights in the history of the Federal Republic of Germany: During »Corona«, a kind of »state of emergency« occurred temporarily; the parliaments also withdrew. Recht und Politik is taking a first look at the »lockdown«. It shows that constitutional institutions, administrative authorities, media and the population have failed as »guardians of the constitution«.

»European Consensus and the Impact of non-binding Council of Europe-Documents in the Jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights«Comparative law is highly present in the judgments of the ECtHR. This thesis examines the role of international Soft Law in that regard. Through a comprehensive empirical study, it determines the role of legally unbinding CoE-Documents in the Court's jurisprudence and focuses on their importance in establishing a European consensus. Subsequently, it locates the legal figure of European consensus in the methodology of comparative law and makes proposals for a more structured consensus determination.

»Souverän ist, wer über den Ausnahmezustand entscheidet« ist der erste Satz von Carl Schmitts Schrift »Politische Theologie«. Er wird national und international zitiert, oft ohne Nennung des Urhebers, so dass ein weiteres Diktum Schmitts zutrifft, dass er >Gemeingut aller Gebildeten

»Artificial Intelligence and Proposals for an EU-Regulation«Artificial intelligence is one of the central issues of our time, but German and European law still remains silent. The article deals with the relationship between man, technology and law and calls for a quick legal regulation beyond mere ethical guidelines after an introduction to technical, social and legal developments and the constitutional foundations. The author does not leave it at criticism, but constructively submits a completely formulated proposal for a basic EU regulation on artificial intelligence.

Revolutionen kommen unerwartet. Sie unterbrechen den Lebensfluß, bringen Unvorhergesehenes in die Welt. Nicht Ungleichheit und Ungerechtigkeit sind der Grund, auf dem sich Revolutionen vollziehen, sondern der Zerfall der Autorität und das Unvermögen der Herrschenden, sich an der Macht zu halten. Im Ausnahmezustand setzen sich stets die Entschlossenen durch, die Machtfragen durch Entscheidungen beantworten. Am Ende muß aber auch der Revolutionär absichern, was er sich erkämpft hat. Davon handelt dieses Buch: Vom Ort und der Zeit der Machtnahme und der Machtsicherung.

»Judiciary and Algorithms. On the Weaknesses of Human Decision-Making and the Possibilities of New Technologies in Jurisprudence«Judicial decision-making is not free of errors. What sounds unspectacular is impressively demonstrated by new empirical data. The central question of the study is: Can algorithms and »artificial intelligence« - in accordance with the German constitution - contribute to making court decisions more »rational«? Although considerations of automation in law are not new, they need to be rethought due to new technical possibilities and a better understanding of human decision-making.

»Mass Violence in Southeastern Europe in the 19th and 20th Centuries: Motivations, Forms and Effects«In this volume the authors examine several aspects of the causes, motivations, forms and effects of various forms of violence in Southeastern Europe from the 19th to mid-20th century. In doing so they present a multifaceted and complex picture of violence that has only been partially explored to date, yet continues to have a strong impact on the societies in the Southeastern European region.

»The Higher Education System of the City of Königsberg in Prussia 1800 to 1915«: The study is the first to present the secondary school system of the capital and royal seat Königsberg in Prussia in the period from 1800 to 1915 - against the background of striking supraregional events affecting the entire state of Prussia. The author explores the regional characteristics of the >Gymnasien< as well as the development of the >Realanstalten< and the higher education of girls. Among the eight schools included, the >Königliches Friedrichs-Kollegium< occupies a prominent position because of its model character for all of Prussia. Wilhelm von Humboldt's activities in Königsberg, which were fundamental for the school reform from 1809 onwards, and the Königsberg school plan he developed there are dealt with in detail by the author. In accordance with Humboldt's goal of equal status for the subjects Latin and Greek, mathematics and history, these and the corresponding teaching subjects as well as research at Königsberg University are considered in detail. A separate chapter is devoted to the reception of Humboldt's school concept in the Baltic provinces.

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»Resolutions as Legal Transactions«Notwithstanding a great need for resolutions as legal instruments of collective bodies in making decisions, a general codified resolution framework does not exist in Germany. Due to the similar legal situation in France, Poland, Austria, Switzerland, and the Netherlands, this study develops a harmonising legal doctrine of resolutions in collective bodies such as supervisory boards, shareholders' and creditors' meetings and presents its 43 theses in German and English.

»Knowledge, Corporate Attribution and Public Disclosure of Inside Information«The thesis deals with the question of when an issuer, in the context of its obligation to publicly disclose inside information pursuant to Art. 17 MAR and Sec. 97 of the German Securities Trading Act (WpHG), can be held responsible for the knowledge of individual board members or employees. The study also addresses the problem of inside information which originate in other group companies and the question if the issuer and its members must contribute to a disclosure of their own (criminal) misconduct.

1846 in eine moderne Familie in Berlin geboren, gehörte Paul G. Hoffmann zu den frühen deutschen Seeoffizieren und zur ersten Crew der 1872 neu geschaffenen Marineakademie in Kiel, deren Lehrkörper er später selbst angehörte. Vor allem auf der Grundlage seiner Tagebücher und von Familienschriften zeichnet das vorliegende Werk das Leben und Wirken des Admirals im Rahmen der geschichtlichen Umstände nach, der damals die durch Technik und Naturwissenschaften geprägte moderne Tendenz der deutschen Flotte repräsentierte, die er durch seine Tätigkeit als Vorstand der Nautischen Abteilung und Verfasser bedeutender nautischer Werke förderte. Auch Hoffmanns Auslandstätigkeit war beachtlich: 1884 / 86 führte ihn sein 1. Schiffskommando nach Westafrika (Togo, Kamerun) und Ostafrika/Sansibar; 1889 / 90 fuhr Kaiser Wilhelm II. auf Hoffmanns Schiff durchs Mittelmeer (Athen, Konstantinopel, Korfu, Venedig); 1894 / 96 kommandierte er die ostasiatische Kreuzerdivision. Höhepunkt von Hoffmanns Karriere war die Führung des I. Geschwaders (1899 / 00) und der Übungsflotte, bevor er durch den Kaiserbruder Heinrich abgelöst wurde.

»On the Chairperson of the Shareholders' Meeting under German Stock Corporation Law (with References to the Law on Limited Liability Companies)«The thesis analyses the legal position of the chairperson of the shareholders' meeting within a German stock corporation. It finds that the chairperson is not merely a »functional assistant« of the shareholders' meeting, but rather an independent organ of the stock corporation. The thesis then examines all legal questions concerning the chairperson, including the legal basis for measures taken at the meeting, the consequences of improperly chairing a shareholders' meeting, and the liability of the chairperson.

Die Untersuchung befasst sich mit der Wissenszurechnung im Rahmen der Ad-hoc-Publizitätspflicht und des Insiderhandelsverbots. Das In-Kraft-Treten der Marktmissbrauchsverordnung hat die schon für das WpHG diskutierte Frage der Wissenszurechnung bei juristischen Personen neu aufgeworfen. Eine autonome Auslegung der Marktmissbrauchsverordnung ergibt, dass die Ad-hoc-Publizitätspflicht die Kenntnis oder das Kennenmüssen des Emittenten von den veröffentlichungspflichtigen Informationen nicht voraussetzt, sondern Verhaltensanforderungen an den Emittenten im Hinblick auf sein Informationsmanagement statuiert.Dagegen erfordert das Verbot von Insidergeschäften bei juristischen Personen auch nach der Reform durch die Marktmissbrauchsverordnung die Zurechnung von Insiderwissen. Grund, Gegenstand, Voraussetzungen und Grenzen der Wissenszurechnung werden normspezifisch für das europäische Insiderrecht entwickelt und mit Blick auf die Rechtspraxis bestimmt.

»Maternity Protection and Parental Leave for Members of Parliament«The thesis deals with the question of maternity protection and parental leave for members of the german federal and state parliaments, which has hitherto been largely unresolved in law. After an overview of the only rudimentary current regulations, it works out that there is a constitutional requirement to put in place appropriate regulations. It shows which regulatory options are constitutionally permissible and useful from a parliamentary point of view.

»The Right to Give Instructions«The author draws a legal-dogmatic panorama of the employer's right to give instructions. He examines its legal basis as well as its legal nature and that of individual instructions. This is followed by an examination of the extension of the right to issue instructions, the legal control of such extension clauses and the interactions with protection against dismissal. The legal consequences of unfair instructions are also examined. The thesis concludes with a clarification of the relationship between § 106 GewO and § 315 BGB.

»Arbitration Agreements and Arbitration Orders in the field of Inheritance Law«The author examines both the arbitration agreement of the testator's estate and the testator's arbitration order and analyses whether unequal treatment of the legal institutions can be justified in terms of scope and limits. The investigation was prompted by three decisions of the Federal Court of Justice (BGH) from 2017, which supported unequal treatment. In conclusion, the author pleads for equal legal treatment and favors a uniform procedural approach in the field of inheritance law.

»Careers in Prussia - Women in Male Domains«: Prussian history is primarily perceived as male. The conference in 2018, which was organised by the Prussian Historical Commission and the Secret State Archives Prussian Cultural Heritage, examined how long-time male dominated spaces were opening up - or continuing to stay closed - to women in Prussia, in regard to labour, art, military, and politics/diplomacy. This publication contains chiefly the presentations from the different sessions and the open evening lectures held by well-known researchers.

»Judicial Review and Administrative Jurisdiction«For 25 years, Professor Dr Max-Jürgen Seibert, an esteemed administrative judge and legal scholar, has had and still has profound impact on the administrative judiciary and jurisprudence in North Rhine-Westphalia and beyond. He has exerted lasting influence on the development of German administrative law doctrine, in particular concerning judicial review and environmental law. On occasion of his retirement in April 2020, a team of 22 authors honours a friend, companion and highly valued colleague with a set of essays dedicated to him. The contributions reflect the complexity and variety of judicial review, which was the great passion of Seibert's professional life.

»State Responsibility for Discursive Integrity in Public Spaces«The communication phenomena of fake news, social bots and hate speech dominate the discussion about the network-based communication culture. It is often forgotten that regulation in this area touches on fundamental principles of the liberal German constitution. The work approaches the question of regulation with the necessary sensitivity and analyses the basic decisions of constitutional theory and dogmatics with regard to possible solutions.

Daniel Köhler attended law school (Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster and Ruhr-Universität Bochum) from 2008 to 2014. He graduated with the first legal state exam in 2014. He has worked as a research assistant at the faculty of law of Ruhr-Universität Bochum since 2013. In 2019 he was awarded the research degree in law (Dr. iur.) by the faculty of law of Ruhr-Universität Bochum. He started serving as a legal clerk in 2019.

»EU Member State Obligations to Expand the Electricity Grids Based on EU Primary Law«The aim of an internal market for energy, the so-called Energy Union and the de facto changes in electricity production structures require a suitable electricity transmission and distribution grid within the EU Member States. The study demonstrates that the EU provisions on the free movement of goods contain not only an economic and political but a legal obligation for the EU Member States to create and maintain a minimum level of existing electricity infrastructure for the internal market.

»Siegfried Katterle (1933-2019). His works in the Light of the Political Theology of Paul Tillich«Siegfried Katterle (1933-2019) was Member of the Gerhard Weisser-»School«, was teaching and researching about macroeconomics and economic policy, was criticising the paradigm of methodological individualism and of the normative individualism of market liberalism from the alternative perspective of institutionalism, was following the ethical socialism in the mode of religious socialism of the circle of the political Theology of Paul Tillich, including the social economics of Eduard Heimann.

»Protection of the Constitution and Democracy. Legal Prerequisites and Limits for Influencing Public Discourses by Domestic Intelligence Agencies«The author specifies the legal requirements for the observation of organisations by the Agencies for the Protection of the Constitution and for reporting in the Annual Reports on the Protection of the Constitution, in particular by elaborating criteria for the identification of actual indications of anti-constitutional efforts. It shows that it is fundamentally unconstitutional to report publicly on organisations whose anti-constitutional activities have not been proven.

»Evolution of EU State Aid Law for Services of General Economic Interest? A study using the example of the German hospital and the German airport market«This monograph analyses the evolution of EU State Aid Law for Services of General Economic Interest (SGEI), especially the SGEI package, with regard to the EU-Commission's objectives of clarification, simplification and diversification. Therefore, the analysis explores the field of hospital subsidies, especially budget deficit compensation as an example for smaller or social SGEI and also the field of airport subsidies as an example for bigger SGEI.

»On Genocide in Parliament. The Recognition of the Armenian Genocide by the German Bundestag as a Problem of Politics and the Constitution«In 2016, the German Bundestag passed a resolution recognizing the Armenian Genocide. This thesis examines the legal and political dimensions of parliamentary resolutions. Despite being only rudimentarily fleshed out in constitutional law, resolutions are found to be self-contained political instruments. While permitted in the constitutional framework, they have no legally binding effect. Their political impact, especially in history-oriented politics can be seen in the Armenian resolution.

Die Informationstechnologie erfährt einen immer rascheren Wandel und beeinflusst inzwischen alle Lebensbereiche. Was noch vor Jahren eine Zukunftsvision war, gehört bereits heute zum Alltag einer digital vernetzten Welt, deren Kommunikation die Erreichbarkeit von hochverfügbaren IT-Dienstleistungen erfordert. Grundlage hierfür bildet das innovative Geschäftsmodell des Cloud Computing, dessen Einsatzbereich äußerst vielfältig ist und sich von Speicherdiensten, Kommunikations- und Officeanwendungen hin zu neuen Geschäftsmodellen wie Big Data, Internet der Dinge, Industrie 4.0 oder dem autonomen Fahren, permanent weiterentwickelt. Inzwischen sind diese nahezu grenzenlos erscheinenden IT-Dienstleistungen aus dem Alltag von Privatpersonen und Unternehmen nicht mehr wegzudenken. Den Vorteilen stehen allerdings zahlreiche neuartige Risiken gegenüber. Man mag dabei vor allem an Sicherheitsgefahren von außen, d.h. an klassische Hacker-Angriffe denken. Untersuchungen der Bedrohungsaktivitäten zeigen jedoch, dass Angriffe auf die Nutzerdaten durch sog. Innentäter zu den größten Sicherheitsrisiken des Cloud Computing zählen. Ob die Besorgnis der Privatnutzer und cloudnutzenden Unternehmen vor den Angriffshandlungen der Innentäter beim Cloud Computing aus strafrechtlicher Sicht gerechtfertigt ist, soll in der Arbeit interdisziplinär untersucht werden.

»Gender, Power and Microhistory«In her study, Köntgen unfolds a vibrant picture of violence and abuse of power executed by a female squire in 18th century, in one case leaving a servant dead. By applying a microhistorian approach to a vast amount of sources, the study reveals a stunning variety of physical abuse and emotional humiliation in Prussian >Gutsherrschaft