Bücher veröffentlicht von Elektor Verlag

Although much classical HF and mobile equipment is still in use by large numbers of amateurs, the use of computers and digital techniques has now become very popular among amateur radio operators. Nowadays, anyone can purchase a EUR4 Raspberry Pi Pico computer and develop many amateur radio projects using the "Pico" and some external components. This book is aimed at amateur radio enthusiasts, Electronic Engineering students, and anyone interested in learning to use the Raspberry Pi Pico to shape their electronic projects. The book is suitable for beginners in electronics as well as for those with wide experience.Step-by-step installation of the MicroPython programming environment is described. Some knowledge of the Python programming language is helpful to be able to comprehend and modify the projects given in the book. The book introduces the Raspberry Pi Pico and gives examples of many general-purpose, software-only projects that familiarize the reader with the Python programming language. In addition to the software-only projects tailored to the amateur radio operator, Chapter 6 in particular presents over 36 hardware-based projects for "hams", including:Station mains power on/off controlRadio station clockGPS based station geographical coordinatesRadio station temperature and humidityVarious waveform generation methods using software and hardware (DDS)Frequency counterVoltmeter / ammeter / ohmmeter / capacitance meterRF meter and RF attenuatorsMorse code exercisersRadioStation Click boardRaspberry Pi Pico based FM radioUsing Bluetooth and Wi-Fi with Raspberry Pi PicoRadio station security with RFIDAudio amplifier module with rotary encoder volume controlMorse decoderUsing the FS1000A TX-RX modules to communicate with ArduinoAll programs discussed in this publication are available from the book's resources and information web page at www.elektor.com/20041.

The core of the book explains the use of the Raspberry Pi Zero 2 W running the Python programming language, always in simple terms and backed by many tested and working example projects. On part of the reader, familiarity with the Python programming language and some experience with one of the Raspberry Pi computers will prove helpful. Although previous electronics experience is not required, some knowledge of basic electronics is beneficial, especially when venturing out to modify the projects for your own applications.Over 30 tested and working hardware-based projects are given in the book, covering the use of Wi-Fi, communication with smartphones and with a Raspberry Pi Pico W computer. Additionally, there are Bluetooth projects including elementary communication with smartphones and with the popular Arduino Uno. Both Wi-Fi and Bluetooth are key features of the Raspberry Pi Zero 2 W.Some of the topics covered in the book are:Raspberry Pi OS installation on an SD cardPython program creation and execution on the Raspberry Pi Zero 2 WSoftware-only examples of Python running on the Raspberry Pi Zero 2 WHardware-based projects including LCD and Sense HAT interfacingUDP and TCP Wi-Fi based projects for smartphone communicationUDP-based project for Raspberry Pi Pico W communicationFlask-based webserver projectCloud storage of captured temperature, humidity, and pressure dataTFT projectsNode-RED projectsInterfacing to AlexaMQTT projectsBluetooth-based projects for smartphone and Arduino Uno communicationsAll programs discussed in this book are contained in an archive file you can download free of charge from the Elektor website www.elektor.com/20445.

The Raspberry Pi Pico and Pico W are based on the fast, efficient, and low-cost dual-core ARM Cortex M0+ RP2040 microcontroller chip running at up to 133 MHz and sporting 264 KB of SRAM and 2 MB of Flash memory. Besides spacious memory, the Pico and Pico W offer many GPIO pins, and popular peripheral interface modules like ADC, SPI, I²C, UART, PWM, timing modules, a hardware debug interface, and an internal temperature sensor.The Raspberry Pi Pico W additionally includes an on-board Infineon CYW43439 Bluetooth and Wi-Fi chipset. At the time of writing this book, the Bluetooth firmware was not yet available. Wi-Fi is however fully supported at 2.4 GHz using the 802.11b/g/n protocols.This book is an introduction to using the Raspberry Pi Pico W in conjunction with the MicroPython programming language. The Thonny development environment (IDE) is used in all of the 60+ working and tested projects covering the following topics:Installing the MicroPython on Raspberry Pi Pico using a Raspberry Pi or a PCTimer interrupts and external interruptsAnalogue-to-digital converter (ADC) projectsUsing the internal temperature sensor and external sensor chipsUsing the internal temperature sensor and external temperature sensor chipsDatalogging projectsPWM, UART, I²C, and SPI projectsUsing Bluetooth, WiFi, and apps to communicate with smartphonesDigital-to-analogue converter (DAC) projectsAll projects are tried & tested. They can be implemented on both the Raspberry Pi Pico and Raspberry Pi Pico W, although the Wi-Fi-based subjects will run on the Pico W only. Basic programming and electronics experience are required to follow the projects. Brief descriptions, block diagrams, detailed circuit diagrams, and full MicroPython program listings are given for all projects. The full program listings of all the projects discussed in the book may be downloaded free of charge from www.elektor.com/20335.

Based on the low-cost 8-bit ATmega328P processor, the Arduino Uno R3 board is likely to score as the most popular Arduino family member so far, and this workhorse has been with us for many years. Recently, the new Arduino Uno R4 was released, based on a 48-MHz, 32-bit Cortex-M4 processor with a huge amount of SRAM and flash memory. Additionally, a higher-precision ADC and a new DAC are added to the design. The new board also supports the CAN Bus with an interface.Two versions of the board are available: Uno R4 Minima, and Uno R4 WiFi. This book is about using these new boards to develop many different and interesting projects with just a handful of parts and external modules, which are available as a kit from Elektor. All projects described in the book have been fully tested on the Uno R4 Minima or the Uno R4 WiFi board, as appropriate.The project topics include the reading, control, and driving of many components and modules in the kit as well as on the relevant Uno R4 board, includingLEDs7-segment displays (using timer interrupts)LCDsSensorsRFID Reader4×4 KeypadReal-time clock (RTC)Joystick8×8 LED matrixMotorsDAC (Digital-to-analog converter)LED matrixWiFi connectivitySerial UARTCAN busInfrared controller and receiverSimulators... all in creative and educational ways with the project operation and associated software explained in great detail.All programs discussed in this guide are contained in an archive you can download free of charge from the Elektor website www.elektor.com/20619.

This book discusses the basic components of any alarm system.All alarm systems have two basic functions. First, they monitor their environment looking for a change such as a door or window opening or someone moving about in the room. Second, they alert the legal owner or user to this change. The system described in this book uses a scanning type software to detect intruders. It behaves like a guard dog, pacing up and down the fence line on the lookout for either an intruder or a familiar person. If you have an alarm key, you can disarm the system and enter.With the scanning method, the software is easy to write and explain. It can scan eight alarm zones plus two special fire zones in about one second.You don't have to be an electrical engineer to install an alarm system, just a decent carpenter, painter, and plasterer! Because this alarm system runs on 12 volts, you don't have to be a licensed electrician either to install it. The alarm system presented here uses Python software on the Raspberry Pi combined with some elementary electronic circuits. The code described in the book, as well as CAD files and a bill of materials for the alarm panel, are available for free downloading. The book provides the reader with examples of typical configurations coming straight from the author's experience. After reviewing the hardware components typically used in common alarm systems, the author shows how to plan one yourself.To implement a modular alarm, no matter if it is for a single house or for a business or restaurant, the book shows how to skillfully combine a Raspberry Pi with small auxiliary electronic circuits. These are not installation instructions but food for thought that will enable readers to find a solution to their needs.

The book you are about to read provides a step-by-step guide for building a renewable energy power plant at home. Our goal was to make the book as practical as possible. The material is intended for immediate application with a small amount of theory. Yet, the theory is important as a foundation that saves time and effort by disabusing the readers of potential misconceptions. Specifically, upon having a firm understanding of photovoltaic physics, you will not be inclined to fruitlessly search for 90% efficient solar panels! We want our readers to be the "doers". If the book gets covered in grime and some pages become torn while you are building your power plant - this is the best compliment to us. The book covers solar and wind energy. Also, a curious power source based on manure is discussed as well, giving the doers an opportunity to further develop the manure fuel cell. It is important to note that there are many companies offering installation of complete solar solutions. Upon installing the panels, the system is not owned by the customer. Therefore, there is no freedom for experimentation and optimization. Also, none can beat the cost of a DIY solution as well as the ultimate satisfaction. All that is written here is a result of us building a renewable energy solution in Southern California. As the book was completed, the energy began flowing!

Starten Sie jetzt mit dem Raspberry Pi 5, dem neuesten und besten Minicomputer von Raspberry Pi - und lernen Sie, mit diesem unglaublichen Computer zu programmieren und Projekte zu erstellen. In diesem Buch finden Sie außerdem jede Menge kreative Ideen und Tipps, die Sie mit dem Raspberry Pi 4, dem Raspberry Pi Zero 2 W und dem Raspberr Pi Pico W umsetzen können. Mit den neuesten Reviews, Tutorials, Projekten, Anleitungen und mehr ist dies Ihre ultimative Ressource für den Raspberry Pi! 228 Seiten über Raspberry Pi Alles, was Sie über den Raspberry Pi 5 wissen müssen Erste Schritte für jeden Raspberry Pi Viel Spaß mit Elektronik und dem Pico W Inspirierende Projekte für Ihre nächste Bauidee Lernen Sie MicroPython, indem Sie ein Handheld bauen Erste Schritte mit dem Raspberry Pi Camera Modul Künstliche Intelligenz: Bauen Sie Ihren eigenen GPT Chatbot

Step-by-step instructions guide you through the analysis of modern protocols such as I²C, SPI, UART, RS-232, NeoPixel, WS28xx, HD44780 and 1-Wire protocols. With the help of numerous experimental circuits based on the Raspberry Pi Pico, Arduino Uno and the Bus Pirate, you will learn the practical application of popular USB logic analyzers. All the experimental circuits presented in this book have been fully tested and are fully functional. The necessary program listings are included - no special programming or electronics knowledge is required for these circuits. The programming languages used are MicroPython and C along with the development environments Thonny and Arduino IDE. This book uses several models of flexible and widely available USB logic analyzers and shows the strengths and weaknesses of each price range. You will learn about the criteria that matter for your work and be able to find the right device for you. Whether Arduino, Raspberry Pi or Raspberry Pi Pico, the example circuits shown allow you to get started quickly with protocol analysis and can also serve as a basis for your own experiments. After reading this book, you will be familiar with all the important terms and contexts, conduct your own experiments, analyze protocols independently, culminating in a comprehensive knowledge set of digital signals and protocols.

This book is a learning guide and a reference. Use it to learn Node-RED, Raspberry Pi Pico W, and MicroPython, and add these state-of-the-art tools to your technology toolkit. It will introduce you to virtual machines, Docker, and MySQL in support of IoT projects based on Node-RED and the Raspberry Pi Pico W.This book combines several elements into a platform that powers the development of modern Internet of Things applications. These elements are a flow-based server, a WiFi-enabled microcontroller, a high-level programming language, and a deployment technology. Combining these elements gives you the tools you need to create automation systems at any scale. From home automation to industrial automation, this book will help you get started.Node-RED is an open-source flow-based development tool that makes it easy to wire together devices, APIs, and online services. Drag and drop nodes to create a flowchart that turns on your lights at sunset or sends you an email when a sensor detects movement. Raspberry Pi Pico W is a version of the Raspberry Pi Pico with added 802.11n Wi-Fi capability. It is an ideal device for physical computing tasks and an excellent match to the Node-RED.Quick book factsProject-based learning approach.Assumes no prior knowledge of flow-based programming tools.Learn to use essential infrastructure tools in your projects, such as virtual machines, Docker, MySQL and useful web APIs such as Google Sheets and OpenWeatherMap.Dozens of mini-projects supported by photographs, wiring schematics, and source code. Get these from the book GitHub repository.Step-by-step instructions on everything.All experiments are based on the Raspberry Pi Pico W. A Wi-Fi network is required for all projects.Hardware (including the Raspberry Pi Pico W) is available as a kit.

The Raspberry Pi 5 is the latest single-board computer from the Raspberry Pi Foundation. It can be used in many applications, such as in audio and video media centers, as a desktop computer, in industrial controllers, robotics, and in many domestic and commercial applications. In addition to the well-established features found in other Raspberry Pi computers, the Raspberry Pi 5 offers Wi-Fi and Bluetooth (classic and BLE), which makes it a perfect match for IoT as well as in remote and Internet-based control and monitoring applications. It is now possible to develop many real-time projects such as audio digital signal processing, real-time digital filtering, real-time digital control and monitoring, and many other real-time operations using this tiny powerhouse.The book starts with an introduction to the Raspberry Pi 5 computer and covers the important topics of accessing the computer locally and remotely. Use of the console language commands as well as accessing and using the desktop GUI are described with working examples. The remaining parts of the book cover many Raspberry Pi 5-based hardware projects using components and devices such asLEDs and buzzersLCDsUltrasonic sensorsTemperature and atmospheric pressure sensorsThe Sense HATCamera modulesExample projects are given using Wi-Fi and Bluetooth modules to send and receive data from smartphones and PCs, and sending real-time temperature and atmospheric pressure data to the cloud.All projects given in the book have been fully tested for correct operation. Only basic programming and electronics experience are required to follow the projects. Brief descriptions, block diagrams, detailed circuit diagrams, and full Python program listings are given for all projects described. Readers can find the program listings on the Elektor website www.elektor.com/20703.

Dieses Buch bietet einen eingehenden Blick auf die 8-Bit-AVR-Architektur in ATtiny- und ATmega-Mikrocontrollern, hauptsächlich aus der Sicht der Software und der Programmierung. Erforschen Sie die AVR-Architektur unter Verwendung von C und Assembler in Microchip Studio (früher Atmel Studio) mit ATtiny-Mikrocontrollern. Lernen Sie die Details der internen Funktionsweise von AVR-Mikrocontrollern kennen, einschließlich der internen Register und des Speicherplans von ATtiny-Bausteinen. Programmieren Sie ATtiny-Mikrocontroller mit einem Atmel-ICE-Programmiergerät/Debugger oder verwenden Sie ein preiswertes Hobby-Programmiergerät oder sogar einen Arduino Uno als Programmiergerät. Die meisten Code-Beispiele können mit dem Microchip Studio AVR-Simulator ausgeführt werden. Lernen Sie, Programme für ATtiny-Mikrocontroller in Assembler zu schreiben. Erfahren Sie, wie Assemblersprache in Maschinencodebefehle umgewandelt wird. Finden Sie heraus, wie Programme, die in der Programmiersprache C geschrieben wurden, in Assemblersprache und schließlich in Maschinencode umgewandelt werden. Verwenden Sie den Microchip Studio Debugger in Kombination mit einem Hardware-USB-Programmierer/Debugger, um Assembler- und C-Programme zu testen oder verwenden Sie den Microchip Studio AVR-Simulator. ATtiny-Mikrocontroller im DIP-Gehäuse werden verwendet, um eine einfache Nutzung auf Breadboards zu ermöglichen. Erfahren Sie mehr über Timing und Taktimpuls in AVR-Mikrocontrollern mit ATtiny-Bausteinen. Werden Sie zu einem AVR-Experten mit fortgeschrittenen Debugging- und Programmierfähigkeiten.

Embedding a vintage component, creating a professional looking home for a circuit board, or even designing a complex apparatus complete with a chassis - these and many other challenges turn into a stimulating pleasure with FreeCAD. Once you have internalized the basic processes, there are virtually no limits to your imagination. Starting to use a new software is never straightforward - especially with a tool as versatile as FreeCAD. Manageable, but at the same time easily usable individual components provide the starting point in this book. Putting these components together later results in assemblies. In the FreeCAD universe, a workable trajectory is demonstrated. The described procedure is illustrative so the examples are easily applied to custom tasks. The devices were made by the author and illustrated with photos. Creating a 3D design is requiring some effort but the initial investment pays off soon. Besides the impressive spatial representation of the projects, the extracted drawings yield a solid base for documentation and production. Extended FreeCAD capabilities like the unfolding of sheet metal parts enormously add to efficiency and pushes models forward into practical assembly. Soon you will definitely not want to do without FreeCAD!

In diesem Buch werden Anwendungen von Arduino Uno und Raspberry Pi 4 in praxisnahen Projekten auf Basis von CAN-Bus detailliert beschrieben. Durch den Einsatz von entweder Arduino Uno oder Raspberry Pi in Verbindung mit handelsüblichen CAN-Bus-Schnittstellenmodulen werden die Entwicklung, Fehlersuche und Fehlerbeseitigung sowie die Überprüfung von Projekten auf CAN-Bus-Basis erheblich erleichtert. Dieses Buch richtet sich an jeden, der mehr über den CAN-Bus lernen möchte und mit den Grundlagen der Elektronik vertraut ist. Hilfreich ist auch Erfahrung mit den Programmiersprachen C und Python sowie mit der Programmierung von Arduino Uno unter Verwendung seiner IDE und von Raspberry Pi zu haben. Das Buch ist eine nützliche Informationsquelle und ein Nachschlagewerk für jeden, der Antworten auf eine oder mehrere der folgenden Fragen sucht: Welche Bussysteme stehen für die Automobilindustrie zur Verfügung? Was sind die Grundprinzipien des CAN-Bus? Welche Arten von Frames (oder Datenpaketen) stehen in einem CAN-Bussystem zur Verfügung? Wie können Fehler in einem CAN-Bussystem erkannt werden, und wie zuverlässig ist ein CAN-Bussystem? Welche Arten von CAN-Bus-Controllern gibt es? Welches sind die Funktionsprinzipien des MCP2515 CAN-Bus-Controllers? Wie kann ich ein CAN-Bus-Projekt mit Arduino Uno realisieren? Wie kann ich Arduino oder Raspberry Pi CAN-Bus-Projekte mit 2 und 3 Knoten erstellen? Wie kann ich die Daten auf dem CAN-Bus analysieren? Wie kann ich ein CAN-Bus-Projekt mit Raspberry Pi ausführen? Die vollständigen Programme aller im Buch besprochenen Projekte können kostenlos von der Elektor-Website www.elektor.de/20563 heruntergeladen werden.

Der Raspberry Pi dominiert seit vielen Jahren die Maker-Szene. Frei verfügbare I/O-Pins machten ihn zu einem der beliebtesten Prozessorboards aller Zeiten. Allerdings verfügt der klassische Raspberry Pi über keinerlei Analogeingänge. Eine direkte Messung analoger Werte ist damit nicht möglich. So können weder Photodioden noch NTCs oder Hallsensoren etc. unmittelbar ausgelesen werden. Zudem sind die Pins direkt, d. h. ohne Treiber oder Schutzschaltung, mit den freiliegenden Kontakten verbunden. Dadurch kann der zentrale Controller und damit der gesamte Raspberry Pi schnell zerstört werden.Mit dem Pico können diese Probleme elegant gelöst werden. Er kann als sogenanntes "Frontend" problemlos vielfältige Messaufgaben übernehmen. Zudem ist der Pico deutlich preisgünstiger als ein klassischer Raspberry Pi 4. Falls eine Fehlbeschaltung zur Zerstörung des Pico führt, ist dies vor allem für nicht-professionelle Anwender relativ leicht zu verkraften. Der klassische Raspberry Pi und der Pico werden so zum idealen Duo.Das Buch führt entsprechend in das weite und hochaktuelle Gebiet der modernen Controllertechnik anhand der beiden Boards "Raspberry Pi 4" und "Raspberry Pi Pico" ein. Neben einer tiefergehenden Einführung in die Arbeits- und Funktionsweise der Controllerboards selbst wird insbesondere auch auf die Messwerterfassung und -verarbeitung mit digitalen Prozessoren eingegangen. Insbesondere die Kombination beider Systeme bietet vielfältige und hochinteressante Möglichkeiten.Praktische Projekte aus dem Inhalt:USB-Verbindung zwischen Raspberry Pi 4 und PicoI²C-Kommunikation und Pico als I²C-DeviceVoltmeter und ComputerthermometerPico W als Web-Server und WLAN-ScannerFrequenzmesser und -generatorenOLED-Displays an Pico und Raspberry Pi 4EnergiesparmonitorWelche Astronauten sind im Orbit?Mini-Monitor für den aktuellen Bitcoin-Kurs

Schritt-für-Schritt Anleitungen führen Sie in die Analyse moderner Protokolle von I²C, SPI, UART, RS-232, NeoPixel, WS28xx, HD44780 und 1-Wire Protokollen ein. Anhand von zahlreichen Experimentierschaltungen mit dem Raspberry Pi Pico, Arduino Uno und dem Bus Pirate üben Sie die praxisnahe Anwendung gängiger USB-Logikanalysatoren ein.Alle in diesem Buch vorgestellten Experimentierschaltungen wurden vollständig getestet und sind funktionsfähig. Die notwendigen Programmlistings sind enthalten, es sind keine besonderen Programmier- oder Elektronikkentnisse für diese Schaltungen notwendig. Es werden die Programmiersprachen MicroPython und C mit den Entwicklungsumgebungen Thonny und Arduino IDE eingesetzt.Dieses Buch verwendet mehrere Modelle flexibler und weit verbreiteter USB-Logikanalysatoren und zeigt die Stärken und Schwächen jeder Preisklasse. Sie werden kennenlernen, welche Kriterien für Ihre Arbeit wichtig sind und in der Lage sein, das für Sie passende Gerät zu finden.Egal ob Arduino, Raspberry Pi oder Raspberry Pi Pico: Die abgebildeten Beispielschaltungen ermöglichen einen schnellen Start in die Protokollanalyse und können auch als Grundlage für eigene weitere Experimente dienen.Sie werden alle wichtigen Begriffe und Zusammenhänge kennenlernen, eigene Experimente durchführen, selbstständig Protokolle analysieren und nach der Lektüre dieses Buches - im Bereich der digitalen Signale und Protokolle - ein umfassendes Wissen aufgebaut haben.

Many people would like to learn Java but getting started is not easy since programming with Java requires at least two things: mastering the programming language and the development environment. With the help of many examples, this book shows how the language is structured. In addition, it employs the Eclipse development environment as an example of a powerful tool to teach developing Java programs. In Basics, the first part of the book, you acquire your Java and Eclipse basic knowledge. This part lays the programming foundations, gives you an overview of Java technology, and shows you what is special about object-oriented programming. In the second part called Java Language, everything revolves around the subtleties of the Java language and this is where the first small Java applications are created, aided by a fine blend of the knowledge part and practical exercises. Java Technology is both the name and the focus of the third part which also introduces you to the rules to observe when programming, what class libraries are and what advantages they have. In addition, you will learn how to test programs, what algorithms are, and how to program them. The fourth part, Java Projects, enables you to apply all the previous elements in an application with a graphical user interface. The project shows how to develop a larger application piece by piece with the Eclipse development environment. The Appendix concludes with a section on frequent errors that can occur when working with Eclipse, and a Glossary. All sample programs discussed in the book, and bonus material, are contained in an archive file which is available free of charge from the Elektor website www.elektor.com/20550.

The aim of this book is to teach the basic principles of Digital Signal Processing (DSP) and to introduce it from a practical point of view using the bare minimum of mathematics. Only the basic level of discrete-time systems theory is given, sufficient to implement DSP applications in real time. The practical implementations are described in real time using the highly popular ESP32 DevKitC microcontroller development board. With the low cost and extremely popular ESP32 microcontroller, you should be able to design elementary DSP projects with sampling frequencies within the audio range. All programming is done using the popular Arduino IDE in conjunction with the C language compiler.After laying a solid foundation of DSP theory and pertinent discussions on the main DSP software tools on the market, the book presents the following audio-based sound and DSP projects:Using an I²S-based digital microphone to capture audio soundUsing an I²S-based class-D audio amplifier and speakerPlaying MP3 music stored on an SD card through an I²S-based amplifier and speakerPlaying MP3 music files stored in ESP32 flash memory through an I²S-based amplifier and speakerMono and stereo Internet radio with I²S-based amplifiers and speakersText-to-speech output with an I²S-based amplifier and speakerUsing the volume control in I²S-based amplifier and speaker systemsA speaking event counter with an I²S-based amplifier and speakerAn adjustable sinewave generator with I²S-based amplifier and speakerUsing the Pmod I²S2 24-bit fast ADC/DAC moduleDigital low-pass and band-pass real-time FIR filter design with external and internal A/D and D/A conversionDigital low-pass and band-pass real-time IIR filter design with external and internal A/D and D/A conversionFast Fourier Transforms (FFT)

Ein historisches Bauteil einbetten, eine professionell anmutende Heimstätte für eine Leiterplatte schaffen oder ein komplexes Gerät mit Chassis konstruieren - diese und viele andere Herausforderungen werden mit FreeCAD zu einem anregenden Vergnügen. Hat man die grundlegenden Prozesse erst einmal verinnerlicht, sind der Fantasie praktisch keine Grenzen mehr gesetzt.Der Einstieg in ein neues Programm ist immer schwierig - besonders wenn es sich um ein so vielfältiges Werkzeug wie FreeCAD handelt. Überschaubare, aber zugleich gut verwendbare Einzelteile liefern in diesem Buch den Anfangspunkt. Das Zusammensetzen dieser Komponenten führt später zu Baugruppen.In der Vielfalt der Möglichkeiten von FreeCAD wird ein gangbarer Weg gezeigt. Das beschriebene Vorgehen ist exemplarisch - die Beispiele lassen sich daher leicht auf eigene Aufgaben anwenden. Die Geräte wurden vom Autor angefertigt und mit Fotos illustriert.Eine 3D-Konstruktion erfordert etwas Aufwand, der sich aber lohnt: Neben einer beeindruckenden Darstellung von Projekten wird zugleich die Möglichkeit geliefert, z. B. Blechteile zur Fertigung abzuwickeln und für die Werkstatt aussagekräftige Zeichnungen zu exportieren.Schon bald werden Sie auf FreeCAD nicht mehr verzichten wollen!

This book details the use of the Arduino Uno and the Raspberry Pi 4 in practical CAN bus based projects. Using either the Arduino Uno or the Raspberry Pi with off-the-shelf CAN bus interface modules considerably ease developing, debugging, and testing CAN bus based projects.This book is written for students, practicing engineers, enthusiasts, and for everyone else wanting to learn more about the CAN bus and its applications. The book assumes that the reader has some knowledge of basic electronics. Knowledge of the C and Python programming languages and programming the Arduino Uno using its IDE and Raspberry Pi will be useful, especially if the reader intends to develop microcontroller-based projects using the CAN bus.The book should be a useful source of reference material for anyone interested in finding answers to questions such as:What bus systems are available for the automotive industry?What are the principles of the CAN bus?How can I create a physical CAN bus?What types of frames (or data packets) are available in a CAN bus system?How can errors be detected in a CAN bus system and how dependable is a CAN bus system?What types of CAN bus controllers exist?How do I use the MCP2515 CAN bus controller?How do I create 2-node Arduino Uno-based CAN bus projects?How do I create 3-node Arduino Uno-based CAN bus projects?How do I set the acceptance masks and acceptance filters?How do I analyze data on the CAN bus?How do I create 2-node Raspberry Pi-based CAN bus projects?How do I create 3-node Raspberry Pi-based CAN bus projects?The full program listings of all the projects discussed in the book may be downloaded free of charge from the Elektor website www.elektor.com/20405.

The book is split into two parts: the first part covers creating Alexa skills and the second part, designing Internet of Things and Smart Home devices using a Raspberry Pi.The first chapters describe the process of Alexa communication, opening an Amazon account and creating a skill for free. The operation of an Alexa skill and terminology such as utterances, intents, slots, and conversations are explained. Debugging your code, saving user data between sessions, S3 data storage and Dynamo DB database are discussed.In-skill purchasing, enabling users to buy items for your skill as well as certification and publication is outlined. Creating skills using AWS Lambda and ASK CLI is covered, along with the Visual Studio code editor and local debugging. Also covered is the process of designing skills for visual displays and interactive touch designs using Alexa Presentation Language.The second half of the book starts by creating a Raspberry Pi IoT "thing" to control a robot from your Alexa device. This covers security issues and methods of sending and receiving MQTT messages between an Alexa device and the Raspberry Pi.Creating a smart home device is described including forming a security profile, linking with Amazon, and writing a Lambda function that gets triggered by an Alexa skill. Device discovery and on/off control is demonstrated.Next, readers discover how to control a smart home Raspberry Pi display from an Alexa skill using Simple Queue Service (SQS) messaging to switch the display on and off or change the color.A node-RED design is discussed from the basic user interface right up to configuring MQTT nodes. MQTT messages sent from a user are displayed on a Raspberry Pi.A chapter discusses sending a proactive notification such as a weather alert from a Raspberry Pi to an Alexa device. The book concludes by explaining how to create Raspberry Pi as a stand-alone Alexa device.

Der Arduino Uno ist ein Open-Source-Mikrocontroller-Entwicklungssystem, das Hardware, eine integrierte Entwicklungsumgebung (IDE) und eine Vielzahl von Bibliotheken umfasst. Es wird von einer riesigen Gemeinschaft von Programmierern, Elektronikern, Enthusiasten und Akademikern unterstützt. Insbesondere die Bibliotheken erleichtern die Programmierarbeit und reduzieren die Entwicklungszeiten, da sie das Erstellen von Programmen erheblich erleichtern.Der Raspberry Pi 4 kann in vielen Projekten wie Audio- und Videoanwendungen, aber auch in Industriesteuerungen, Robotik, Spielen usw. eingesetzt werden. Dazu bietet er auch WiFi- und Bluetooth-Fähigkeiten, wodurch er sich zudem hervorragend für internetbasierte Steuerungs- und Überwachungsanwendungen eignet.In diesem Buch werden sowohl der Raspberry Pi 4 als auch der Arduino Uno in PID-basierten automatischen Steuerungsanwendungen eingesetzt. Nach einer grundlegenden Theorie der Regelsysteme werden funktionierende und getestete Projekte zur Steuerung realer Systeme mit PID-Reglern vorgestellt. Die Open-Loop-Eigenschaften, die Abstimmung der PID-Parameter und das Closed-Loop-Zeitverhalten der Systeme werden zusammen mit Blockdiagrammen, Schaltplänen und PID-Regelalgorithmen ausführlich diskutiert.Vollständige Programme für den Raspberry Pi und den Arduino Uno runden die im Buch vorgestellten Projekte ab. Die Regelsysteme können problemlos auch auf andere Projekte angewendet werden und die für den Raspberry Pi 4 angegebenen Programme sollten auch mit anderen Modellen der Raspberry Pi-Familie reibungslos funktionieren.Das Buch behandelt folgende Themen:Steuer- und RegelsystemeAnaloge und digitale SensorenÜbertragungsfunktionen und zeitkontinuierliche SystemeSystemantwortfunktionen erster und zweiter OrdnungZeitdiskrete digitale SystemeZeitkontinuierliche PID-ReglerZeitdiskrete PID-ReglerZweipunkt-Temperaturregelung mit Raspberry Pi und Arduino UnoPID-basierte Temperaturregelung mit Raspberry Pi und Arduino UnoMotorsteuerung mit Raspberry Pi und Arduino UnoWasserstandsregelung mit Raspberry Pi und Arduino UnoPID-basierte LED-Helligkeitsregelung mit Raspberry Pi und Arduino UnoDie vollständigen Programme aller im Buch besprochenen Projekte können kostenlos von der Elektor-Website www.elektor.de/20398 heruntergeladen werden.

If you are looking for a small yet powerful IoT device, you are likely to come across the ESP8266 and compatible products on the market today. One of these, the Wemos/Lolin D1 Mini Pro board strikes a remarkable balance between cost and performance. A small and very affordable prototype board, the D1 Mini Pro stands out with its WiFi functionality and a 16-Mbytes flash memory for easy creation of a flash file system. In addition, there are sufficient input and output pins (only one analog input though) to support PWM, I²C, and One-Wire systems to mention but a few. The book describes the operation, modding, construction, and programming of home appliances including a colorful smart home accessory, a refrigerator/greenhouse controller, an AC powerline monitor, a door lock monitor, and an IKEA Trådfri controller.As a benefit, all firmware developed for these DIY, "IoT-ized" devices can be updated over-the-air (OTA).For most of the designs in the book, a small printed circuit board (PCB) and an enclosure are presented so readers can have a finished and attractive-looking product. Readers having - or with access to! - a 3D printer can "print" the suggested enclosures at home or in a shop.Some of the constructions benefit from a Raspberry Pi configured as a gateway or cms server. This is also described in detail with all the necessary configuring.You don't need to be an expert but the prerequisites to successful replication of the projects include basic skills with PC software including the ability to surf the Internet. In terms of hardware, you should be comfortable with soldering and generally assembling the PCBs presented in the book.All custom software written for the IoT devices, the PCB layouts, and 3D print files described in the book are available for free downloading from www.elektor.com/20370.

This book covers the construction, hardware, software, and operation of the Z99 - CNC machine. This is a multifunctional 4-axis machine for home construction.The capabilities of the Z99 machine include:large-format schematic plottingPCB plotting with etch-resist pensschematic plotting with conductive-ink pensletter cutting out of vinylpaper cuttingPCB/substrate drillingPCB/substrate millingtext millinglaser engravinglaser cutting of solder paste masksBy making the support software available as freeware, readers of the book are challenged and encouraged to develop new applications for the Z99.The machine would not be of much use if the user has no option to create suitable files for the designs in mind. A large part of this book is dedicated to creating source files in a variety of freeware software packages, including Inkscape, DesignSpark PCB, KiCad, and FlatCAM.The book is also useful for readers keen to comprehend and then master the basic structure of HPGL, Gerber, Drill, and G-code files, as well as to have a go at deciphering them using software.

The Arduino Uno is an open-source microcontroller development system encompassing hardware, an Integrated Development Environment (IDE), and a vast number of libraries. It is supported by an enormous community of programmers, electronic engineers, enthusiasts, and academics. The libraries in particular really smooth Arduino programming and reduce programming time. What's more, the libraries greatly facilitate testing your programs since most come fully tested and working.The Raspberry Pi 4 can be used in many applications such as audio and video media devices. It also works in industrial controllers, robotics, games, and in many domestic and commercial applications. The Raspberry Pi 4 also offers Wi-Fi and Bluetooth capability which makes it great for remote and Internet-based control and monitoring applications.This book is about using both the Raspberry Pi 4 and the Arduino Uno in PID-based automatic control applications. The book starts with basic theory of the control systems and feedback control. Working and tested projects are given for controlling real-life systems using PID controllers. The open-loop step time response, tuning the PID parameters, and the closed-loop time response of the developed systems are discussed together with the block diagrams, circuit diagrams, PID controller algorithms, and the full program listings for both the Raspberry Pi and the Arduino Uno.The projects given in the book aim to teach the theory and applications of PID controllers and can be modified easily as desired for other applications. The projects given for the Raspberry Pi 4 should work with all other models of Raspberry Pi family.The book covers the following topics:Open-loop and closed-loop control systemsAnalog and digital sensorsTransfer functions and continuous-time systemsFirst-order and second-order system time responsesDiscrete-time digital systemsContinuous-time PID controllersDiscrete-time PID controllersON-OFF temperature control with Raspberry Pi and Arduino UnoPID-based temperature control with Raspberry Pi and Arduino UnoPID-based DC motor control with Raspberry Pi and Arduino UnoPID-based water level control with Raspberry Pi and Arduino UnoPID-based LED-LDR brightness control with Raspberry Pi and Arduino UnoThe full program listings of all the projects discussed in the book may be downloaded free of charge from www.elektor.com/20274.

The seven chapters in this book serve as the first step for novices and microcontroller enthusiasts wishing to make a head start in Arduino programming. The first chapter introduces the Arduino platform, ecosystem, and existing varieties of Arduino Nano boards. It also teaches how to install various tools needed to get started with Arduino Programming. The second chapter kicks off with electronic circuit building and programming around your Arduino. The third chapter explores various buses and analog inputs. In the fourth chapter, you get acquainted with the concept of pulse width modulation (PWM) and working with unipolar stepper motors.In the fifth chapter, you are sure to learn about creating beautiful graphics and basic but useful animation with the aid of an external display. The sixth chapter introduces the readers to the concept of I/O devices such as sensors and the piezo buzzer, exploring their methods of interfacing and programming with the Arduino Nano. The last chapter explores another member of Arduino Nano family, Arduino Nano 33 IoT with its highly interesting capabilities. This chapter employs and deepens many concepts learned from previous chapters to create interesting applications for the vast world of the Internet of Things.The entire book follows a step-by-step approach to explain concepts and the operation of things. Each concepts is invariably followed by a to-the-point circuit diagram and code examples. Next come detailed explanations of the syntax and the logic used. By closely following the concepts, you will become comfortable with circuit building, Arduino programming, the workings of the code examples, and the circuit diagrams presented. The book also has plenty of references to external resources wherever needed.An archive file (.zip) comprising the software examples and Fritzing-style circuit diagrams discussed in the book may be downloaded free of charge at www.elektor.com/20241.

Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) radio chips are ubiquitous from Raspberry Pi to light bulbs. BLE is an elaborate technology with a comprehensive specification, but the basics are quite accessible.A progressive and systematic approach will lead you far in mastering this wireless communication technique, which is essential for working in low power scenarios.In this book, you'll learn how to:Discover BLE devices in the neighborhood by listening to their advertisements.Create your own BLE devices advertising data.Connect to BLE devices such as heart rate monitors and proximity reporters.Create secure connections to BLE devices with encryption and authentication.Understand BLE service and profile specifications and implement them.Reverse engineer a BLE device with a proprietary implementation and control it with your own software.Make your BLE devices use as little power as possible.This book shows you the ropes of BLE programming with Python and the Bleak library on a Raspberry Pi or PC, with C++ and NimBLE-Arduino on Espressif's ESP32 development boards, and with C on one of the development boards supported by the Zephyr real-time operating system, such as Nordic Semiconductor's nRF52 boards.Starting with a very little amount of theory, you'll develop code right from the beginning. After you've completed this book, you'll know enough to create your own BLE applications.

This book will help you practice your new KiCad 6 skills by challenging you in a series of two real-world projects, supported by a comprehensive set of recipes with detailed instructions on how to achieve a variety of simple and complex tasks.Design the PCBs for an Arduino-powered datalogger and a custom ESP32 board. Understand the finer details of the interactive router and how to manage KiCad project teams with Git, and much more.KiCad 6 is a modern, cross-platform application suite built around schematic and design editors. This stable and mature PCB tool is a perfect fit for electronic engineers and hobbyists. With KiCad 6, you can create PCBs of any complexity and size without the constraints associated with the commercial packages.Here are the most significant improvements and features in KiCad 6, both over and under the hood:Modern user interface, completely redesigned from earlier versionsImproved and customizable electrical and design rule checkersTheme editor allowing you to fully customize the look of KiCad on your screenAbility to import projects from Eagle, CADSTART, and moreEnhanced bus handlingFull control over the presentation of information by the layout editor: set the visibility, color, and attribute of any board element, and create presetsFilters define which elements of a layout are selectableEnhanced interactive router helps you draw single tracks and differential pairs with precisionNew or enhanced tools to draw tracks, measure distances, tune track lengths, etc.Enhanced tool for creating filled zonesA customizable coordinate system facilitates data exchange with other CAD applicationsRealistic ray-tracing capable 3D viewerHuge community of contributors that make KiCad better every dayRich repositories of symbol, footprint, and 3D shape libraries

The latest iteration of KiCad, the world's best free-to-use Printed Circuit Board tool, is packed with features usually found only in expensive commercial CAD tools. This modern, cross-platform application suite built around schematic and design editors, with auxiliary applications is a stable and mature PCB tool. KiCad 6 is a perfect fit for electronic engineers and hobbyists.Here are the most significant improvements and features in KiCad 6, both over and under the hood:Modern user interface, completely redesigned from earlier versionsImproved and customizable electrical and design rule checkersTheme editor allowing you to customize KiCad on your screenAbility to import projects from Eagle, CADSTART, and moreEnhanced bus handlingFull control over the presentation of information by the layout editorFilters define selectable elementsEnhanced interactive router helps you draw single tracks and differential pairs with precisionNew or enhanced tools to draw tracks, measure distances, tune track lengths, etc.Enhanced tool for creating filled zonesEasy data exchange with other CAD applicationsRealistic ray-tracing capable 3D viewerHuge community of contributors that make KiCad better every dayRich repositories of symbol, footprint, and 3D shape librariesThis book will teach you to use KiCad through a practical approach. It will help you become productive quickly and start designing your own boards. Example projects (e.g., a simple breadboard power supply and a PCBA 4×8×8 LED matrix array) illustrate the basic features of KiCad, even if you have no prior knowledge of PCB design. The author describes the entire workflow from schematic entry to the intricacies of finalizing the files for PCB production and offers sound guidance on the process. Further full-fledged projects, of incremental difficulty, will be presented in a second book, together with a variety of advanced recipes.