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Seminar paper from the year 2012 in the subject Politics - Topic: Peace and Conflict, Security, grade: 1,00, University of Potsdam (Department of Economic and Social Sciences), language: English, abstract: In this paper, I will illustrate how wars conducted by democracies are justified. I chose this topic because democracy, at least in the Western world, has been seen as a preferential and desirable constitution because of its association with peace and cooperation. The Democratic Peace Theory certainly bolsters this viewpoint, but still, we notice as we look at empirical data that democracies are not peaceful at all. This is a noteworthy gap in this theory. Through answering my central question, I want to explain this gap and also how democracies cleverly elude the constraints imposed on them to go to war, which one would not expect of them. Additionally, through outlining the justifications, I want to help understand why democracies are belligerent.I will first refer to the problem of definition, for democracy and war are not clear-cut terms in political science and outline how I understand democracy and war in this paper. In the second section, I will provide the theoretical ground, the Democratic Peace Theory which I will refute through empirical evidence, after which five arguments of justification will follow: First, humanitarian intervention and the role of the media, second, moral duties, third, the construction of images of the ¿other¿ and fourth, wars within democratizing states. Lastly, in the conclusion, I will summarize the arguments, briefly refer to their discrepancies and provide suggestions for further research. In each of the arguments, I will present what it is, how the justification comes about and add an example to illustrate it. In the first three arguments, I will also show how approaches used to explain the peacefulness of democracies are being reversed. As well, I will provide some definitions of a few major terms used in the arguments to establish clarity. Because justifications should not always be considered true, I will provide critical points for each argument incorporated in the respective section. Those are also summarized in the conclusion.

Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2013 im Fachbereich Organisation und Verwaltung - Sonstiges, Note: 1,00, Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH (School of Humanities and Social Sciences), Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: (...) If policies are reactions to social problems, prior to action policymakers must determine what the most pressing issues are that deserve government attention. Policymakers are not only pushed by various interest groups, think tanks, and other organized constituents to pay attention to different issues, but are also in disagreement among each other regarding which issues merit space on the agenda (Dery, 2000, p. 39). The question therefore is: Who decides what a problem is and if it deserves government attention? And more importantly, how does policy agenda change and what role do policy actors play in this context? This essay attempts to find an answer to these questions. It aims to explain why, for instance, child care in the US suddenly moved from relative obscurity to the government agenda (Nelson, 1984). Further, what was decisive for education to become a highly important agenda item in the same period when child care became high-profile? This essay will show that neither the pluralist, nor the iron triangle framework is able to provide a convincing explanation. It will argue that agenda setting is a political power struggle in a highly complex and dynamic process where the way an issue is defined and perceived by the public matters most for agenda changes. It will show that the subsystem theory, the advocacy coalition framework, and the punctuated equilibrium model do all contribute to our understanding of how issues move up and down the agenda. However, it is, as the paper argues, Kingdon's policy window and three streams building up on the other theories that has the most explanatory power and is the most rigorous theoretical framework. The essay will first show in what way agenda setting is about political power. Secondly, it will turn to the early agenda-literature, the pluralist and the iron triangle frameworks. Thirdly, the essay will introduce Heclo's subsystems theory. In the fourth step, it will present Sabatier's Advocacy Coalition framework. After examining what Baumgartner and Jones put forward as "punctuated equilibrium", it will discuss Kingdon's policy window model and how it incorporates theoretical elements of the previous frameworks. In the end, the paper will give a conclusion.

Essay aus dem Jahr 2012 im Fachbereich Pädagogik - Begabtenpädagogik, Note: 1,7, Universität Münster (Institut für berufliche Lehrerbildung), Veranstaltung: Einführung in wissenschaftliches Arbeiten anhand der Auseinandersetzung mit bildungspolitischen Fragen, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: ¿Begabungen erkennen und individuell fördern¿ ist ein großes Thema in der Politik wie auch in den Medien. Denn der allseits beklagte Fachkräftemangel und die Ergebnisse der PISA-Studie 2003 haben die Bundesregierung gezwungen, Förderprogramme zu realisieren und das deutsche Bildungssystem zu verändern. Dabei fühlt sich auch die Wirtschaft angesprochen und gefordert. Unternehmerverbände, wie zum Beispiel ¿unternehmer nrw¿, die Landesvereinigung der Unternehmerver- bände Nordrhein-Westfalen e.V., tragen durch Projektinitiativen wie ¿MINT-Bildung in NRW¿ dazu bei, die Situation zu verbessern, nicht zuletzt aus Eigeninteresse.Kein Kind soll auf dem Weg in die Zukunft verloren gehen. Gefragt sind da vor allem diejenigen, die an der Bildung und Förderung des Kindes maßgeblich beteiligt sind: die Lehrerinnen und Lehrer. Diese gilt es nach den neuen Maßstäben auszubilden, damit sie lernen, Talente und Begabungen zu erkennen und zu fördern und das schon im Studium.Im Mittelpunkt dieses Essays steht das hochbegabte Kind. Zu Beginn meiner Recherchen bin ich dem allgemein verbreiteten Irrglauben, 50% der Hochbegabten seien sogenannte Underachiever und entwickelten sich zu ¿Problemkindern¿, erlegen. Dies wird durch das ¿Marburger Hochbegabtenprojekt¿ (MHP) widerlegt. In dieser deutschen Studie, die seit 1987 läuft, wird die Entwicklung von hochbegabten und hochleistenden Kindern und Jugendlichen untersucht. Sie wird geleitet vom Marburger Psychologen Detlef H. Rost.Auch wenn es nicht 50% sind, gibt es doch zu einem viel geringeren Prozentsatz die Underachiever ¿ die ¿Minderleister¿ ¿ und ¿Sorgenkinder¿ unter den Hochbegabten. Um diesen Prozentsatz so gering wie möglich ausfallen zu lassen, braucht es dafür gut ausgebildete LehrerInnen, die ihr Potenzial erkennen und fördern.

Essay from the year 2010 in the subject Business economics - Supply, Production, Logistics, grade: 98.00, University of Phoenix, course: ISCOM 373 Global Sourcing and Procurement, language: English, abstract: Sourcing Process Evaluation Summary Organizations face challenges on how to remain financially healthy. As a result, many organizations seek ways to lower costs, improve processes, and remain focused on their corer competencies. To assist organizations attain these goals, proper sourcing of tasks and processes must be found. A proper mix of sourcing can assist an organizations improve its business processes, improve its financial health, and improve its competitive advantage. This summary will describe the steps to successful sourcing, challenges and opportunities for insourcing versus outsourcing parts, and advantages and disadvantages of global versus domestic sourcing. In addition, this summary will review how translating corporate objectives into procurement goals is necessary, establishing business unit requirement processes, and conducting supply market research is necessary. Finally, setting material management goals, implementing strategic execution, and reciprocity is discussed.

Seminar paper from the year 2009 in the subject Business economics - Accounting and Taxes, grade: 1,7, AKAD University of Applied Sciences Stuttgart, course: IFRS, language: English, abstract: 1 IntroductionIn a global economy there is a need for common accounting rules. It is simply important for an enterprise to know that national and international stock exchange rules require the application of internationally accepted accounting directives. So there are several good reasons for a trend towards internationalization. For an investor means internationaliza-tion usually accompanied by a standardization of accounting rules that he can compare financial statements quicker and easier. There are no longer time- consuming and ex-pensive conversions of financial statements necessary. Internalization means also that the national differences in the determination of profit will disappear. Standardization would give the term ¿profit¿ substance and would allow the comparison of financial statements of different enterprises from several countries.In the European Union enterprises have a special responsibility since 2005. On the 12th of March 2002 the European Parliament endorsed the EC Commission¿s proposal that all EU listed companies must follow standards issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) in their consolidated financial statements starting no later than 2005.In this assignment I want to give a short overview about what the main principles of the International Financial Accounting Principles (IFRS) are all about and what differences to the German Statutory Accounting Rules (HGB) can be distinguished (chapter 2). Then I want to focus on the accounting of deferred taxes under IFRS (chapter 3). After a definition of deferral I want to explain the concepts and methods of deferral in this part. Finally I will have a closer look on deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities.

1. Sachanalyse2. Lernziele3. Didaktische Analyse4. Methodische Analyse5. Stundenverlaufsplan6. Geplante Tafelbilder7. Literatur8. Anhang