Bücher veröffentlicht von Independent Author

The significance of metabolomics in improving the production of rosmarinic acid in the cells of seagrass Halodule pinifolia is explored in the thorough research book "Metabolomics and Enhanced Rosmarinic Acid Biosynthesis in Cells of Seagrass Halodule Pinifolia." The production of rosmarinic acid, which is renowned for its high antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, is covered in great detail in this book. In order to improve production, the author, D. Jeyaprakash, discusses his research on the many metabolites and enzymes involved in the process of rosmarinic acid biosynthesis.The book also looks at the numerous biotic and abiotic elements, including the function of various precursors and elicitors, that affect the growth and metabolism of the seagrass Halodule pinifolia. The author offers a thorough examination of the various analytical methods employed in metabolomics, including nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. For anyone working in the fields of plant biochemistry and metabolomics, this book is a must-read.Overall, "Metabolomics and Enhanced Rosmarinic Acid Biosynthesis in Cells of Seagrass Halodule Pinifolia" presents a thorough and detailed analysis of the various factors that affect rosmarinic acid biosynthesis in seagrass Halodule pinifolia, offering insightful information about the potential uses of metabolomics in the discipline of plant biochemistry.

"Evaluation of Fouling Assemblage on Open Sea Cage Culture Materials" is an insightful book by S. Saravanan that delves into the assessment of fouling organisms in open sea cage culture systems. The book provides an in-depth analysis of the diverse array of organisms that colonize the surfaces of these materials, and the impact they have on the overall production and quality of aquaculture products.The author explores the factors influencing the establishment and growth of fouling organisms, including substrate type, water temperature, and nutrient availability. The book also provides an overview of the methods used to monitor fouling assemblages, including physical and chemical methods and image analysis techniques.The findings presented in the book are based on extensive research, providing valuable insights into the impact of fouling on aquaculture systems. The information provided in this book will be of great value to professionals in the field of aquaculture, researchers, and students of marine science and technology.Overall, "Evaluation of Fouling Assemblage on Open Sea Cage Culture Materials" is an essential resource for those seeking to understand the complex relationship between fouling organisms and aquaculture production. It provides valuable insights into the challenges facing the aquaculture industry and offers practical solutions to help mitigate the impact of fouling on open sea cage culture materials.

A thorough overview of the version control systems that are frequently used in open source contexts can be found in Inderdeep Kaur's book "Study of Version Control Mechanism in Open Source Environment." The significance of version control systems in software development and how they support preserving the integrity and calibre of the codebase are covered in the book.Git, Subversion, Mercurial, and CVS are just a few of the version control systems covered in-depth in the book. It describes the features of these systems, how they operate, and how to utilise them to efficiently manage code repositories. Also, the author covers the benefits and drawbacks of each system and aids readers in selecting the best system for their unique requirements.The use of version control systems in open source development is demonstrated in the book with the help of case studies and real-world examples. In-depth subjects including branching, merging, tagging, and code review procedures are also covered. Because of the book's straightforward writing style, both novices and experts can easily understand the basics and go deeper into the nuances of version control systems.For developers, software engineers, and project managers who work in open source contexts, "Study of Version Control Mechanism in Open Source Environment" is a must-read. Version control systems and their function in software development are presented in the book using a practical approach.

"A Neuro Genetic Hybrid Approach for Enhancing Software Development Effort Estimation" is an essential reference guide for software developers who are looking to improve their estimation accuracy. In this book, Poonam Rijwani presents a novel approach that combines both artificial neural networks and genetic algorithms to enhance the software development effort estimation process.The book covers a range of topics, including an introduction to software development effort estimation, the fundamentals of artificial neural networks and genetic algorithms, the design and implementation of the hybrid approach, and the evaluation of the approach using real-world data sets.The author provides step-by-step guidance on how to implement the hybrid approach, including how to select appropriate neural network architecture and genetic algorithm parameters. Additionally, the book discusses how the approach can be adapted to handle different types of software projects and different environmental conditions.Overall, "A Neuro Genetic Hybrid Approach for Enhancing Software Development Effort Estimation" is a valuable resource for software developers, project managers, and anyone involved in the software development process. The hybrid approach presented in this book can help to improve estimation accuracy, reduce project risks, and ultimately lead to more successful software development projects.

Ripu Daman Kumar's book "Activated Carbon From Shells of Walnut Almond Poplar Tree Wood for Phenolics and Heavy Metals Adsorption From Contaminated Water" is a thorough manual on how to make activated carbon out of several materials, including the shells of walnut, almond, and poplar tree wood. The use of activated carbon to remove phenolics and heavy metals from contaminated water is the main topic of this book. The author gives information on the physical and chemical characteristics of the materials used in the manufacturing of activated carbon as well as a description of the process itself.The adsorption of phenolics and heavy metals from contaminated water using activated carbon is covered in great length in the book. It addresses a variety of subjects, including the carbon's capacity for adsorption, the impact of various parameters on the adsorption process, and the application of activated carbon in the treatment of water.For those working in the fields of environmental science, water treatment, and chemical engineering, this book is an invaluable resource. This book is a thorough reference for anyone interested in the production and use of activated carbon in the removal of impurities from water due to the exhaustive description of the processes involved in both its manufacturing and its usage in water treatment.For individuals who are interested in the creation and application of efficient techniques for the treatment of polluted water, "Activated Carbon From Shells of Walnut Almond Poplar Tree Wood for Phenolics and Heavy Metals Adsorption From Contaminated Water" is a must-read.

Almost 80% of all data is generated in the real world, which generates a large volume of unstructured data. This unstructured data require complex processing methods, in contrast to organised data stored in databases. Text mining is an effective method for knowledge extraction and decision-making since it includes transforming unstructured text input into structured format. Classification, clustering, association rule mining, topic detection, and summarising are the main text mining tasks. This book examines cutting-edge text mining techniques and uses, such as customer relationship management, social network analysis, financial market forecasting, and document classification. Document classification, which incorporates programmes like phishing, malware, and spam detection, is one of the difficult challenges in text classification.The book suggests brand-new hybrid models for document categorization that work for both binary class and one-class problems, such as OCSVM-LSI, PCA-OCSVM, and LDA-CARM. The difficult task of stock market forecasting, which depends on unstructured news data, is also covered in the book. The suggested model predicts stock prices using a variety of regression approaches, including GMDH, GRNN, MLP, RPART, SVR, RF, and QRRF. The book provides insightful information on text mining's uses and how to make good decisions with it.

The impact of exercise on the absorption and retention of vitamin D among athletes with vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency is the subject of a thorough study by Vijay Selvan N titled "Role of Exercise in the Absorption and Retention of Vitamin D Among Professional Athletes With Deficient or Insufficient Vitamin D Levels." The author's study and analysis of the topic offer insightful information about how exercise helps professional sportsmen maintain healthy levels of vitamin D.This book is a crucial tool for athletes, coaches, and medical professionals who want to gain a better understanding of the connection between physical activity and vitamin D absorption. This book is understandable to readers from a variety of backgrounds thanks to the author's succinct and clear explanations of the subject.The physiology of vitamin D, its effect on sports performance, and the mechanics underpinning its absorption and retention are just a few of the many topics covered in the book. Along with possible future research avenues in this area, it also looks at the present clinical evidence supporting the use of exercise in the prevention and treatment of Vitamin D deficiency.Overall, the well-written and comprehensive book "Role of Activity in the Absorption and Retention of Vitamin D Among Professional Athletes With Deficient or Inadequate Vitamin D Levels" offers crucial new information about a significant medical problem. Everyone who wants to learn more about vitamin D and exercise should read this book because of the author's experience and thorough research.

Sanjaya Kumar Shah's book "A Study on the Connection Between 25 Hydroxy Vitamin D and Chronic Kidney Disease" is thorough and perceptive in its investigation of the nuanced connection between Vitamin D and chronic kidney disease. The book provides a thorough explanation of the mechanisms underlying this link and goes into the complexities of Vitamin D metabolism and how it affects kidney function.This book is a crucial tool for health care providers, academics, and patients who want to comprehend how vitamin D affects the onset and course of chronic kidney disease. The author's research is supported by a variety of clinical investigations and scientific data, which he delivers in an understandable and comprehensible way.The book covers a wide range of subjects, such as the physiology of vitamin D, its significance for kidney health, and the processes that lead to the onset of chronic kidney disease. Together with possible future research avenues in this area, it also looks at the present clinical evidence supporting the use of vitamin D in the prevention and treatment of chronic renal disease.Overall, "A Study on the Connection Between 25 Hydroxy Vitamin D and Chronic Kidney Disease" is a well-written book that offers insightful information on a significant medical topic. This book is a requirement-read for anyone hoping to gain more knowledge about Vitamin D and chronic renal disease due to the author's competence and thorough research.

En el nombre de Allah (Dios), el Clemente, el Misericordioso. Todas las alabanzas pertenecen a Allah; a Él alabamos; en Él buscamos ayuda; a Él le pedimos perdón y en Él buscamos orientación. Le pedimos a Allah que nos proteja del mal de nuestros egos y las consecuencias de nuestras malas acciones. Todo aquel a quien Allah guía, nada ni nadie lo podrá extraviar. Y todo aquel a quien Allah lo extravíe, nada ni nadie lo podrá guiar. Atestiguo que no existe nada ni nadie digno de alabanza excepto Allah, quien no tiene compañeros; y atestiguo que Muhámmad es Su siervo y Mensajero. Quiero expresar todo mi agradecimiento a Allah por darme esta oportunidad de escribir una obra de esta naturaleza. Que Allah perdone mis faltas a la hora de presentar Su religión. Me gustaría también expresar mis sinceros agradecimientos al señor Muhámmad al-Turki del Ministerio de Asuntos Islámicos por su apoyo. También me gustaría agradecer a Ahmad Ba-Rashid por sus continuos esfuerzos. Hay muchas personas a quienes me gustaría agradecer por su ayuda en esta obra en particular. Primero, quiero agradecer a mi amada esposa quien es siempre una fuente de ayuda y colaboración. También agradezco al Dr. Abdulkarim al-Said, Br. Nahar al-Rashid, Dr. Mohammad al-Osimi, Dr. Ahmad al-Teraiqi y Br. Jalaal Abdullah. Sólo puedo rezar para que Allah los recompense y los bendiga tanto en esta vida como en el Más Allá. Le ruego a Allah que acepte esta obra que escribo solamente en Su honor. Como sucede con toda obra similar, la responsabilidad de los errores es del autor. Le pido perdón a Allah por mis falencias y que me guíe por el Camino Correcto.

A thorough investigation of how diabetes affects foot kinematics and kinetics is found in "Foot Kinematics and Kinetics in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus With and Without Peripheral Neuropathy" by Animesh Hazari. This book gives a thorough explanation of how diabetes affects the biomechanical operations of the foot and causes a number of problems, including peripheral neuropathy. The book provides information on how kinematic and kinetic analysis of the foot can be used to detect risk factors for diabetes and its consequences.The numerous causes that cause peripheral neuropathy to develop in people with type 2 diabetes have been thoroughly examined by the author. The importance of foot kinematics and kinetics in the identification, management, and avoidance of peripheral neuropathy is highlighted throughout the book. Also, the author offers suggestions for applying foot kinematics and kinetics in clinical settings.For those in the medical field, researchers, and students who want to learn more about how diabetes affects foot function, this book is a great resource. Since the author presented his conclusions using data, it is an evidence-based resource for anyone with an interest in the topic. For those who wish to learn more about diabetes and its complications, "Foot Kinematics and Kinetics in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus With and Without Peripheral Neuropathy" is a must-read.

'Que vivas en tiempos interesantes'. Quienes hemos vivido como cristianos a finales del siglo XX y principios del siglo XXI nos hemos encontrado, por razones que pueden mistificarnos, viviendo tiempos muy interesantes. En los últimos años, la intranquilidad acerca del Islam es cada vez más difícil de ignorar en los Estados Unidos, Europa, Australia y América Latina. En particular, uno escucha muchas palabras como 'guerra', 'conflicto', o 'choque de civilizaciones' entre el Islam y el Cristianismo. El tema tiene tal relevancia en los medios de comunicación que mucha gente da por sentado que existe una diferencia irreconciliable entre ambos enfoques a Dios. No ha de sorprendernos, entonces, que tantos cristianos de buena voluntad hayan llegado a la conclusión de que el Islam y el Cristianismo son fundamentalmente incompatibles. Aún así, si por 'Cristianismo' entendemos aquello que Jesucristo quiso transmitir a sus oyentes, creo que esas personas de buena voluntad pueden estar equivocadas cuando nos dicen que el Islam es incompatible con el Cristianismo. Aún más, creo que podemos decir que los versos más antiguos del Evangelio que reflejan los supuestos dichos de Jesús son totalmente compatibles con las enseñanzas del Islam.

he tenido la oportunidad de poder interactuar con gente de diferentes culturas y religiones. Como resultado, descubrí como las demás personas son de hecho muy similares a nosotros, y que todos estamos mezclados por la humanidad y por nuestras similitudes. Todos tenemos los mismos problemas, aspiraciones, desafíos y todos queremos lo mismo para nosotros y para nuestros hijos. Descubrí que tenemos el mismo Creador, la misma fuente de existencia y que todas nuestras diferencias religiosas tienen que ver con los intermediarios entre el ser humano y su Creador, de modo que cuando todos oremos directamente al Creador sin intermediarios, nos uniremos, se eliminarán todas las barreras culturales, tradicionales y políticas, y entonces tendremos paz. Estas experiencias acrecentaron en mi el interés de saber más sobre la religión del Islam y otras religiones, ya que siempre tuve una pregunta muy importante en mi mente, ¿Por qué el Islam es la verdadera religión? Así que he dedicado todo mi tiempo y esfuerzo a aprender la mejor manera de presentar el Islam, a personas de diferentes orígenes y con creencias diversas. Este libro pretende introducir a la gente a la religión del Islam. Es un intento de demostrar a todos los buscadores de la verdad y a las personas de mente abierta que lo que Dios envió a todas las naciones a través de todos los mensajeros a lo largo de la historia es un mensaje único (la creencia en único Dios y adorarlo solo aÉl). Todos los mensajeros piadosos de Dios se esforzaron por guiar a su gente a la verdad. Pero muchas personas optaron por seguir sus propias interpretaciones, y por lo tanto, se alejaron de las enseñanzas proféticas. Este libro es para mostrar la singularidad del Islam, su resistencia y su fuerza que desafía toda propaganda negativa y soporta todos los ataques. Ruego a Dios (Allah)1que este libro sea beneficioso y una fuente de guía y bendición, en esta vida y en el futuro.

Alabado sea quien tiene toda la perfección, a quien le corresponden los más sublimes atributos. Atestiguo que nada ni nadie tiene derecho a ser adorado salvo Allah, sin asociados y que Muhammad es su siervo y mensajero, que la paz sea con él, su familia, compañeros y seguidores hasta el día del juicio final. Siendo que la pronunciación del testimonio de fe y obrar acorde es la piedra fundamental de la religión del Islam, y considerando que muchos miembros de la nación Islámica ignoran sus profundos significados y condiciones, creyendo que el objetivo es tan solo pronunciarla, y existiendo también quienes la interpretan erróneamente, accedí a escribir esta pequeña investigación para que se beneficien quienes buscan la verdad y anhelan obrar rectamente.

Al-lah dijo: {Al-lah ha agraciado a los creyentesenviándoles un Mensajero de entre ellos que les recitaSus preceptos, los purifica y les enseña el Libro y lasabiduría [la Sunna]. Y por cierto que antes seencontraban en un extravío evidente} [Corán 3:164]; ydijo: {Aquellos que siguen al Mensajero y Profetailetrado [Muhammad], quien se encontrabamencionado en la Torá y el Evangelio, que les ordenael bien y les prohíbe el mal, les permite todo lobeneficioso y les prohíbe lo perjudicial, y les abroga lospreceptos difíciles que pesaban sobre ellos [ la Gentedel Libro]; y quienes crean en él, lo secunden, lodefiendan y sigan la luz que le ha sido revelada [elCorán], serán quienes tengan éxito} [Corán 7:157].Dijo Will Durant en su libro Historia de la Civilización:"Si se juzga la grandeza de alguien grande porsu influencia sobre la gente, debemos decirque Muhammad fue uno de los hombres másgrandes de la historia, pues se impuso a símismo elevar el nivel espiritual y moral de unpueblo al que el calor y la atracción por eldesierto habían lanzado a un estado desalvajismo, y tuvo tal éxito en esta misióncomo no lo tuvo ningún otro reformador entoda la historia... y levantó sobre el judaísmo,el cristianismo y las religiones de su tierra,una religión simple, clara y poderosa, a la vezque una doctrina moral. En una solageneración logró triunfar en cien batallas; enun siglo logró establecer un Estado grandioso,y hasta hoy ha podido mantenerse como unafuerza de gran influencia en medio mundo".(Tomo XIII, p. 47)Alabado sea Al-lah, que llenó los corazones de Susdevotos con Su amor y magnificencia, y quitó de loscorazones del resto de la gente su conocimiento y suvaloración. Doy testimonio que no hay más dios que Allah,venerado en los corazones con amor y glorificación yprocurado en los espíritus en una mezcla de atracción ytemor. Y doy testimonio que Muhammad es Su siervo, SuMensajero y el custodio depositario de Su revelación, fueenviado por Al-lah después de los Mensajeros anteriorespara salvar a la gente de la adoración de caprichos ypasiones y ponerla en contacto con el Creador de los cielosy la tierra. Fue líder de los que procuran la verdad; sumensaje fue misericordia para toda la humanidad y unaalbricia para los mundos habitados y salvación para losperseguidos. Que Al-lah lo bendiga y lo exalte mucho.

Has de saber, que Allah tenga misericordia de ti, que es nuestrodeber aprender cuatro objetivos importantes:1. Conocer a Allah, a Su Profeta y a Su religión, consus correspondientes fundamentos.2. Poner en práctica dicho conocimiento.3. Difundirlo.4. Tener paciencia y perseverancia ante losinfortunios que puedan suceder por ello.La afirmación de esto es que Allah (¿¿¿¿) dice:En el nombre de Allah, Clemente, Misericordioso.1. ¡Por la épocaP0F1P!2. En verdad, el hombre está en la perdición,3. Menos los que creen, obran rectamente, se recomiendenmutuamente la verdad y se recomienden mutuamente lapaciencia(103:1-3)Dijo el Imâm AUshU UShâUfi'î, que Allah tenga misericordia de él: "Sila única prueba revelada por Allah a su creación hubiese sidotan sólo esta Surah, habría bastado."Dijo Al Bujârî, que Allah tenga misericordia de él: "En elcapítulo: El deber de obtener el conocimiento antes de hablar yactuar; basándose en la palabra de Allah: ¿¿¿¿Sabe que no hay másdios que Allah, e implora el perdón de tus pecados¿¿¿¿ (47:19)explica que Allah (¿¿¿¿) comenzó mencionado al conocimientoantes que la palabra y la acción".Has de saber, que Allah tenga misericordia de ti, que esobligatorio para todo musulmán y musulmana aprender y tenerpresente las tres siguientes pautas y ponerlas en práctica.1. Que Allah nos ha creado, nos sustenta y no nos haabandonado, sino que nos ha enviado un Mensajero[Muhammad]. Todo aquel que le obedezca ingresará al Paraísoy quien le desobedezca merecerá ser castigado en el Infierno.Allah dice: Os hemos enviado un Mensajero[Muhammad], testigo sobre vosotros, como antes habíamosenviado un Mensajero al Faraón. El Faraón desobedeció alMensajero y le castigamos duramente.¿¿¿¿ (73:15-16)

A thorough study on the effects of behavioural interventions on pregnancy outcomes and postpartum obesity prevention in women is "Effectiveness of Behavioral Intervention on Pregnancy Outcomes and Postpartum Obesity Prevention in Women" by Alka Pawalia. The long-term health of the mother and child is examined in connection to weight gain during pregnancy.The study looks at how well several behavioural interventions, such as food changes, lifestyle adjustments, and increased physical activity, manage weight gain during pregnancy and prevent postpartum obesity. The influence of these therapies on pregnancy outcomes such gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, and preterm labour is also examined in the book.For healthcare professionals dealing with pregnant patients, the author presents a thorough examination of the most recent studies on the subject. A practical perspective on the efficacy of these interventions is provided via the book's case studies and patient testimonies.In general, "Effectiveness of Behavioral Intervention on Pregnancy Outcomes and Postpartum Obesity Prevention in Women" is a useful tool for researchers, medical professionals, and anyone else interested in learning more about the connection between pregnancy outcomes and postpartum obesity prevention. The book provides useful advice and research-proven techniques for enhancing both mother and child's health before, during, and after pregnancy.

The purpose of the present study was to observe the effect of type-2 diabetes mellitus on handgrip strength in males and females of Amritsar, Punjab and to search any relationship of handgrip strength with 22 anthropometric variables in them. Study group consisted of 576 confirmed cases of type-2 diabetes mellitus (251 males, 325 females) with a mean duration of diabetes of more than 5 years, and 529 controls (241 males, 288 females) without any history of glucose intolerance from Amritsar, Punjab. The subjects ranged from age group of 30-65 years. A total of 1072 (97.05%) samples studied were right hand dominant. The subjects were taken from the rural and urban belt of Amritsar. The subjects' age was estimated from their birth date. The data was collected from Civil Hospital Amritsar, Civil Hospital Ajnala, Dr. Rohit Kapoor's Clinic, Rani Ka Bagh and Camp at Attari. Before the commencement of the study, the subjects were made aware about the study and a written consent was obtained. Approval for the study was provided by the institutional ethical committee. Other than the evaluation of dominant and non-dominant handgrip strength, as many as 22 anthropometric variables namely height vertex, body weight, body mass index, upper arm, waist and hip circumference, biceps and triceps skinfold, upper arm, forearm and total arm length, hand length, breadth and span, arm muscle girth, arm muscle area, arm area, arm fat area, arm fat index, waist to hip ratio, % body fat and % lean body mass were measured. Standard techniques given by Lohmann et al. (1988) were followed to take all the anthropometric measurements on each subject. In the present study, statistically significant differences (p

This chapter presents the review of literature. The review of literature involves the systematicidentification, analysis of documents, encompassing information related with the researchproblem. The documentation include articles, abstract, dissertations, research reports, andelectronic database (Emerald publishing, ABI Inform, JSTOR, Google Scholar, and Web ofScience). The key objective of reviewing the literature is to provide foundation of knowledge basedon nature of work and extent of work that has been carried out on topic. Several authors (Guptaet al., 2008; Allusionz and Drew, 2010; Alshehri et al., 2012; Rana et al., 2013; Ibrahim andZakaria, 2016; Al-Refaie and Ramadna, 2020; Alenezi et al., 2017; Al-Refaie et al., 2017; Bhaskaret al., 2020; Miah and Sentosa, 2021) have identified the existing gaps. Further, review ofliterature has been grouped into two sections namely, e-government adoption and job performance.The review of literature of e-government adoption and job performance has been presented in thefew paragraphs.

The two commonly used physiotherapy procedures for adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder are thoroughly compared in the book "Comparative Investigation of Effects of Maitland Technique and Mulligan Technique in Adhesive Capsulitis of Shoulder" by S. Jeyakumar. Frozen shoulder, or adhesive capsulitis, is a disorder that restricts the movement of the shoulder joint and causes discomfort and stiffness.The two methodologies are thoroughly analysed in the book, together with their guiding concepts, specific methods, and anticipated results. Whereas Mulligan technique requires joint mobilisation with movement, Maitland technique only involves passive joint mobilisation. The effectiveness of the two approaches in terms of pain relief, improved range of motion, and patient satisfaction is also covered in the book.The study's findings demonstrated that both treatments were successful in reducing discomfort and restoring range of motion in a group of individuals with adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder. However, Maitland approach produced superior outcomes in terms of pain relief while Mulligan technique demonstrated more improvement in shoulder abduction, flexion, and external rotation.Overall, this book is a wonderful resource for physiotherapists, orthopaedic surgeons, and other healthcare professionals who handle adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder since it offers insightful information about how to treat the problem.

The only mere physicists are the animals: they alone do not think: while man is a thinking being and a born metaphysician. The real question is not whether we shall apply metaphysics, but whether our metaphysics are of the right kind: in other words, whether we are not, instead of the concrete logical Idea, adopting one-sided forms of thought, rigidly fixed by understanding, and making these the basis of our theoretical as well as our practical work.(Hegel, Encyclopedia of the philosophical sciences in basic outline I, §98)This dissertation is a study in the metaphysics of continuity of consciousness. Naturally, the three ideas this dissertation involves with are that of metaphysics, continuity, and consciousness. Metaphysics, as it is often understood, is the study of the fundamental nature of reality. The closest discipline to metaphysics is physics, which too studies the nature of reality, but the subject matter of physics is concrete things, whereas metaphysics deals with both concrete and abstract entities. Also, physics may concern itself with a particular thing or a particular class of things, whereas metaphysics is seen as the study of reality in its totality. Lastly, unlike physics, metaphysics is not an empirical discipline- its fundamental method of enquiry is not observation or experimentation but logical postulations. Ontology is a subdiscipline of metaphysics that studies what kind of things fundamentally are there, or as it is often put, what there is. Ontology talks about the broadest categories of things, and the aim of every ontologist is to keep the number of these categories as minimum as possible. Therefore, an ontologist will not consider cars, laptops, and houses as different ontological categories, but they can be clubbed into one broader category of concrete.

The origin of the Indian idea of appropriate female behaviour can be traced to Manuin 200 BC: "by a young girl, by a young woman, or even by an aged one, nothing must bedone independent, even in her own house". In spite of India's reputation for respectingwomen, including treating her as a Goddess, history tells us that women were also ill-treated.There was no equality between men and women. This is true of ancient, medieval and earlymodern times barring some revolutionary movements such as that of Basaweshwara, the 12thcentury philosopher in Karnataka, who advocated equality, casteless society, status forwomen, and betterment of the downtrodden. Certain broad circumstances in which Indianwomen live affect the way they participate in the economy. A common denominator in theirlives is that they are generally confined to home, with restricted mobility, and in seclusion.Other, unwritten, hierarchical practices place further constraints on women. They are, by andlarge, excluded from political life, which by its very nature takes place in a public forum.Reform movements in the 19th and 20th centuries led by great social reformersprovided boost to women's legal status in India. Independence of India heralded theintroduction of laws relating to women. The Constitution provided equality to men andwomen and also gave special protection to women to realize their interests effectively.Special laws were enacted to prevent indecent representation of women in the media andsexual harassment in workplaces. The law also gives women equal rights in the matter ofadoption, maternity benefits, equal pay, good working conditions etc.

A thorough investigation of the impact of aerobic and circuit training on the physical fitness and performance of adolescent kabaddi players is presented in "Aerobic and Circuit Training's Influence on Adolescent Kabaddi Players" by P. Punitha. This book takes a scientific approach to explaining how the body changes in response to various types of training and how these changes impact an athlete's overall performance.The book provides a thorough analysis of the study's findings, including information on how various physical characteristics including body mass index, body fat percentage, and cardiovascular fitness were impacted by the training methods. The author also explores how training affects athletes psychologically, including mood and motivation changes.The significance of a well-rounded exercise programme that incorporates both aerobic and circuit training is one of the book's main lessons. The study's findings demonstrate that combining these two forms of training can result in appreciable enhancements in both general physical fitness and performance. Everyone interested in learning more about the science behind sports training and performance, including coaches, trainers, and researchers in the field of sports science, will find this book to be of great interest.The article "Aerobic and Circuit Training's Impact on Adolescent Kabaddi Players" is a useful tool for anyone trying to learn more about the physiological and psychological effects of various training methods on young athletes.

The Neurovisceral Integration theory conceptualizes the nervous system's role inunderstanding health and well-being. The theory describes a set of neural structures,including the central and the autonomic nervous system involved in generating goalorientedresponses (Thayer & Lane, 2000, 2009). These goal-oriented responsesregulate the affect and cognitive processes (Thayer & Lane, 2009) influencing mentalhealth. The thesis explores the nervous system's role in depression in spinal cord injury.The Neurovisceral Integration theory postulates that the central and autonomicnervous system(CNS-ANS) interact in affect and cognitive processes. This CNS-ANSinteraction inhibits ongoing behavior, providing regulation and flexibility for goalorientedbehavior(Thayer & Lane, 2000, 2009). Affect is a psychophysiologicalconstruct and studied using the dimension of valence and arousal.(Appelhans &Luecken, 2006a; Kuppens et al., 2013; Thayer & Lane, 2000). Valence denotes theindividual's understanding of the pleasantness and unpleasantness of a stimulus,whereas arousal denotes the activation of the autonomic nervous system in response tothe stimuli. (Hagemann et al., 2003a; Thayer, Hansen, Saus-Rose, et al., 2009; Thayer& Lane, 2000, 2009; Thayer & Siegle, 2002). Cognition refers to the mental processessuch as thinking, problem-solving, and decision-making that benefit from inhibitorycontrol. The inhibitory control is required for an individual to shift attention fromexisting behavior to goal-oriented behavior (Thayer & Lane, 2009).

For a long time 'Feminism' had been a discussing issue amongmen and women. Feminism is a driving force behind women'smovements and the aim of feminism is to promote the interests ofwomen. Since long there had been an accepted tendency that all types ofactivities associated with women belong to the private domain ofindividual within the family. Due to this belief women's issues werediscussed only within the household domain but the gradual change inthe attitude towards women's questions has started in differentdimensions. A new kind of awareness can be visualized among women.This phenomenon has given rise to women's movements and feminismis that kind of movement.The inferior status of women in the society and their ongoingproblems on different issues, kept me on constant thinking regardingwomen's unstable existence. Feminists' thinking, theories and theirmovements influenced me to go into the deep understanding offeminism and I decided to work on this issue. Through this issue we canfind a solution by which the existing power relations between womenand men in our society can be altered so that women can be brought intothe mainstream in our society.

Alabado sea Allah, Lo alabamos y buscamos Su ayuda y perdón. En Allah buscamos refugiarnos del mal de nuestro propio ser y de nuestras malas acciones. Todo aquel a quien Allah guíe no se extraviará, y todo aquel a quien Él deje a la deriva no podrá ser guiado. Atestiguo que no existe divinidad excepto Allah, sin asociados ni compañeros, y atestiguo que Muhámmad es Su Siervo y Mensajero.Allah ha bendecido a Sus siervos asignándoles ciertas épocas de bondad en las que las hasanaat (recompensas por las buenas acciones) se multiplican, se perdonan las malas acciones, y se levanta el estatus de las personas y los corazones de los fieles acuden a su Señor. Aquellos que se purifiquen a sí mismos alcanzan el éxito y aquellos que se corrompen fracasan. Allah creó a Sus siervos para que le adoren, según nos dice en su libro: "Por cierto que no he creado a los genios y a los hombres sino para que Me adoren.". [51:56]

The detailed manual "Analysis of Specific Protein S and Functional Metabolic Markers for Non-Small Cell Lung" is intended for cancer researchers and doctors. The author of the book is THAKUR MONICA BASANT, a well-known expert in the field of medical oncology. The book offers a comprehensive examination of certain protein S and metabolic functional indicators for non-small cell lung cancer.In addition to highlighting the function of a particular protein S and functional metabolic indicators in the disease, the book provides a thorough overview of the molecular pathways behind non-small cell lung cancer. Additionally, it discusses the most recent developments in imaging, diagnosis, and therapy as well as the present state of knowledge on non-small cell lung cancer detection and treatment.It provides a thorough knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying non-small cell lung cancer and highlights the significance of particular protein S and functional metabolic indicators in the disease, making the book an invaluable resource for physicians and researchers in the field of oncology. By offering a thorough examination of the subject and outlining the most recent developments in the field, the author has significantly advanced the discipline.A must-read for anybody working in the field of cancer, "Analysis of Specific Protein S and Functional Metabolic Markers for Non-Small Cell Lung" offers insightful information and cutting-edge understanding on the issue.

Debayan Dasgupta's innovative book "Applications of Magnetic Helical Nanomotors: From Cancer Biology to Dentistry" examines the numerous uses of magnetic helical nanomotors in the medical arena. The book digs into the fascinating opportunities presented by these tiny motors in the areas of dentistry and cancer biology. The book gives readers a thorough overview of the state of the art today with a focus on the most recent research and progress in the industry. The science underlying these ground-breaking innovations has been painstakingly explained by the author in a way that is clear and understandable.This book offers readers a glimpse into the future of medicine and the pivotal role that magnetic helical nanomotors will play in transforming how we identify and cure a wide range of illnesses. It talks about how these nanomotors can be utilised to target particular bodily regions, such cancers or infected teeth, for therapeutic purposes. The book also discusses the motion of nanomotors in soft tissue and the difficulties that need to be solved for these technologies to become a reality.In conclusion, "Applications of Magnetic Helical Nanomotors: From Cancer Biology to Dentistry" is a must-read for anybody interested in the medical sector, especially those interested in the most recent advances in nanotechnology. Whether you're a student, researcher, or member of the medical community, this book will give you a wealth of knowledge that is vital for remaining current.

An insightful and thorough manual on the automated identification and classification of diabetic eye disorders using digital fundus photos can be found in Kevin Prathap Noronha's "Automated Identification of Diabetic Eye Diseases Using Digital Fundus Images." Medical experts, researchers, and students who are interested in creating intelligent systems for the early diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy and other eye conditions should read this book.The author gives a thorough explanation of diabetic retinopathy and the difficulties in identifying it early. The methodologies for digital fundus image processing, segmentation algorithms, and feature extraction methods necessary for correctly diagnosing diabetic eye disorders are all covered in-depth in this book.Noronha also discusses the automated detection and categorization of diabetic eye disorders using machine learning approaches including artificial neural networks, support vector machines, and decision trees. The book offers readers step-by-step instructions for using these strategies while utilising the most recent open-source software tools and frameworks.All things considered, "Automated Identification of Diabetic Eye Diseases Using Digital Fundus Images" is a crucial tool for anyone working to create intelligent systems for the early recognition of diabetic eye diseases. Both professionals and students alike should study it since it makes a significant addition to the field of medical image processing.In conclusion, this book is a fantastic resource for researchers, professionals, and students who are interested in creating automated methods for exploiting digital fundus images to detect diabetic eye problems early.

Anyone interested in basketball should read "Relationship of Physical Fitness Variables With Basketball Playing Ability of District Level Basketball Players" by Amritpal Singh. The book provides a thorough investigation of the relationship between basketball district players' playing ability and physical conditioning. The author gives specific facts to back up the claim that a player's talents on the court are significantly influenced by their level of physical fitness. This claim is supported by substantial research.The importance of physical fitness in basketball is covered in the book's opening chapters, and it then looks at various physical fitness factors like strength, agility, and endurance and how these affect a player's performance. It gives a general summary of the research methodology and details the findings, providing helpful insights into the connection between playing ability and physical fitness.The book by Amritpal Singh is a helpful tool for basketball players, coaches, and anybody else with an interest in the game. For anyone trying to better their play on the court, this book is a must-have because of its data-driven methodology and in-depth analysis. The book is simple to read and offers coaches and players useful advice on how to perform at their best. You simply cannot afford to miss "Relationship of Physical Fitness Variables With Basketball Playing Ability of District Level Basketball Players," regardless of your level of experience.

An extensive analysis of the use of ultrasound imaging in the identification of Hydrops Fetalis and the curvature of foetal heart chambers is provided in the book "Analysis and Investigation of Hydrops Fetalis and Curvature of Fetal Heart Chambers Using Ultrasound Images" by Shobana Nageswari C. The use of ultrasound imaging to provide an accurate diagnosis is covered in the book, along with the significance of early diagnosis in the discovery of foetal malformations.The substantial research that Shobana Nageswari C has done in the areas of foetal medicine and ultrasound imaging has led to the publication of this book. In addition to providing a thorough review of the procedures employed for precise diagnosis, the book offers insight into the use of ultrasound imaging techniques for the detection of foetal heart abnormalities.In addition to highlighting the numerous difficulties encountered in making an accurate diagnosis of these illnesses, the book examines the most recent developments in the use of ultrasound imaging for the detection of foetal heart abnormalities and Hydrops Fetalis. The various treatments offered for these illnesses are also covered.In conclusion, "Analysis and Investigation of Hydrops Fetalis and Curvature of Fetal Heart Chambers Using Ultrasound Images" is a crucial tool for medical professionals, researchers, and students who are interested in foetal medicine and ultrasound imaging. The book is thoroughly researched and offers insightful information on the use of ultrasound imaging methods for precise diagnosis and care of prenatal abnormalities.