Bücher veröffentlicht von LAP Lambert Academic Publishing

One of Bangladesh's oldest indigenous groups is known as the Santals. Several historians refer to and regard them as Bengal's first settlers. They mostly belong to the pre-Aryan, Austro-Asian stock of settlers. Since they are the original people of the country, they should have had more power and development.I met a Santali boy, and it was very interesting for me to explore his national heritage as the oldest group known as the Santals in Bangladesh. They are also known as oldest settlers in India and Bhutan.I hope this book will provide the reader with necessary information about culture and social structure of Santals, which is not widely known by many others.

Case study applications within theological frameworks offer opportunity to better understand theological phenomena in natural settings. Such theological phenomena can manifest themselves in unique ways when observed in applied environments. This book offers a collection of such case studies that illustrate the relevance of theological variables. Some of these case studies are fairly explicit while others are more abstract. Taken together they exemplify how such case studies have relevance for the environments involved and in augmenting the body of knowledge we have about the ramifications associated with theology. It is an evolving relevance that has association with the organizational, group and interpersonal levels.

Soil ingestion is a common phenomenon among mammals, turtles, lizards, crocodiles, birds and humans worldwide. Geophagy or salt hunger is strongly influenced by climatic, geographic, and taxonomic factors. In Northern Darfur soil lick sites are regularly visited by Gazella dorcas, Gazella rufifrons and Gazella dama. Overhunting and habitat loss drastically reduced Dorcas gazelle numbers. This work tried to investigate the probable functions that attract Dorcas Gazelle to visit Geophagic soil sites. Forty seven actively licked sites of rocky nature were covered within Alkuma locality, south of Meidob Mountains series. The different postulations that stand behind soil consumption by animals and humans are fairly discussed. The analysis was carried by the best standard procedures. Soil texture, color, pH values, electrical conductivity, total soluble solids and minerals content were measured for each site. Twenty seven common elements were identified by ICP-OES analysis. The total findings are expressed in a scientific neat presentation followed by, significantly interesting new ideas, conclusion and recommendations.

Every year different types of topological space are introduced by many topologists. Nowadays available topologies are Supra topology, Ideal topology, Bitopology, Fuzzy topology, Fine topology, Nano topology, and so on. Many types of topologies have been created to date since Kelly introduced Bitopological spaces in 1963. The study of fuzzy topological spaces was introduced by Chang in 1968. The concept of the ideal in topological space was introduced by Kuratowski. Shabir and Naz in 2011 introduced the notion of soft topological spaces defined over an initial universe with a fixed set of parameters. In 2012, Powar and Rajak introduced fine topological spaces. In this present study, we discussed classes of open sets and their functions on micro topological spaces.

The book is about an assessment of a community-led spatial planning intervention in a historically declined and deprived indigenous community, Old Accra/Ga Mashie, in central coastal Accra metropolis, under the UN-HABITAT¿s Participatory Slum Upgrading Programme (PSUP). It is set against the background of global slum upgrading/regeneration programmes from the 1950s until the PSUP in 2016. The book also sets within the context of statutory slum upgrading and improvement policies and the national planning system with normative backing.Rest of the book covers the historical degeneration of Old Accra/Ga Mashie and its slum conditions, actual participatory community-led settlement planning and design experience, including plan aims and objectives, stakeholders, consultation processes, development proposals, implementation timeline and planning administration processes. Conclusions are drawn, including the impressive effective community-led spatial planning processes, need to encourage such communities to plan their own settlements, widening participation for kids, extension of the plan period from 10 to 30 or more years and contribution of all these to sustainable community development.

Kosovo has a range of strategic documents in youth field. The Kosovo Strategy and the Action Plan for Youth is a strategic document, which includes ¿vital interests¿ of youth needs, for a certain period of time, usually for three years. Usually the state of Kosovo issues strategic documents for three years, last strategic document was issued for three years 2013-2017 - given response for the further needs and fulfilment of youth requirements. Documents reflect submission of requests in new circumstances related to today's youth developments in Kosovo, as well the last conclusion of the strategic document was included in period 2010-2012, in that period a document was short - only two years response to the youth needs for the fulfilled objectives. There is a strong need to continue the path of advancement in the continuation of youth policies, for the definition of new strategic objectives and the drafting of the new action plan. Having in mind the importance of strategic documents, I have drafted the strategy 2013-2017, I have also drafted the Law on Youth Empowerment and Debt, while I have been involved in drafting amendments to the law.

Proper dissipation of thermal energy from a system is always a requirement for many equipment and industries. Any device that runs using external power source always generates heat. The generated heat in such systems must be expelled to the surrounding. Maximizing the surface area of the devices generally enhances the cooling rate. However, it makes the system bulky. Therefore, a proper utilization of the surface area of the system is an important parameter to have an efficient heat dissipation system. It was always desirable to have a heat sink in the all devices that occupy minimum space with maximum effectiveness. The present work analyse conjugate heat transfer physics in a 3-D system of aluminium pin fins, with air as the working fluid. A finite volume solver, ANSYS Fluent has been used in simulating a staggered pin fin arrangement placed over a base plate. The solver is validated using the experimental data. The thermal analysis has been performed on fins with various cross sections. Consideration is given to fins having circular, hexagonal, pentagonal, triangular and drop-shaped cross sections with various inlet velocities.

Prevention of Dental Trauma" is an insightful guide that delves into the critical aspects of safeguarding oral health and minimizing the risks of dental injuries. This comprehensive book offers a wealth of knowledge and practical strategies for both professionals and individuals to prevent accidents, protect teeth from trauma, and address emergencies effectively. From understanding potential hazards to advocating proactive measures, this book serves as a valuable resource, empowering readers with the information needed to maintain optimal dental well-being and prevent injuries that could impact oral health.

Gladiolus is a ¿Queen of bulbous flowers¿, popular for its majestic spikes, attractive florets and dazzling colours. It stands as an important cut flower in international cut flower trade. In a world full of fertilizer enjoyers, biostimulants have become boon in agriculture sector which benefits in enhancing growth, nutrient uptake, stress tolerance and crop quality. Five organic liquid formulations viz. Humic acid, Panchgavya, Vermiwash, Novel organic liquid nutrient and Sea weed extract were applied. An experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with three replications and ten treatments. The treatments i.e. T1 - Humic acid 0.2 % , T2 - Panchgavya 3 %, T3 - Vermiwash 3 %, T4 - Novel organic liquid nutrient 1 %, T5 - Sea weed extract 1 % T6 - Humic acid 0.2 % + Panchgavya 3 %, T7 - Humic acid 0.2 % + Vermiwash 3 %, T8 - Humic acid 0.2 % + Novel organic liquid nutrient 1 % , T9 - Humic acid 0.2 % + Sea weed extract 1 % and T10 ¿ Control (water spray) were applied as foliar spray at 30, 45 and 60 days after planting.

Statistics is a powerful tool that can be applied to various domains of study, including engineering, management, finance, scientific research, banking, economics, mathematics, astronomy, meteorology, industries, and businesses. It plays an important role in decision-making and can handle enormous data effectively. Statisticians provide knowledge and experience of all aspects of data evaluation, from research question through design and analysis to interpretation. In particular, statistics contributes to the field of artificial intelligence through methodological development, consistency statements, and generalization bounds. Overall, statistics is a broad cross-scientific discipline that provides solutions to decision-making, optimization, planning, scheduling, and data analysis.

Philosophy is not only an academic discipline; it is also a practice in every aspect of life and every day. In this part, we have added philosophical novels and dialogues as well as expanded different topics in philosophy. Coined several years ago, the term "Total Daily Life Philosophy" (TDLP) originated in conjunction with the author's inaugural publication in the Dialogo journal in 2019. This conceptual framework may be posited as an emergent branch within the realm of philosophy, wherein a philosopher endeavors to articulate an expansive array of perspectives across diverse facets of human existence. The present work sets the stage for a comprehensive exploration of TDLP, delving into its conceptual foundations and establishing a framework for the subsequent elucidation of the author's philosophical insights into various dimensions of life.Taken together, philosophy, as perceived by an Eastern philosopher, is presented in this series of Total Daily Life Philosophy.

In this insightful book, the author delves into the intricate relationship between prolonged mobile phone use and its potential consequences on reproductive health. The focus is on the unprecedented levels of radiofrequency (RF) radiation, ranging from 900 to 1800MHz, to which the modern population is exposed. The narrative unfolds the mechanisms through which oscillating currents and energy transfer from RF electric fields may adversely affect fertility, particularly in terms of sperm quality.The book provides a comprehensive account of the changes occurring in mitochondria, cellular biomolecules, antioxidant systems, and the cell cycle as a result of this exposure. The study goes beyond immediate effects, addressing potential transgenerational impacts and elucidating the underlying molecular mechanisms.An important aspect discussed is the role of natural antioxidants in offering complete protection against the observed radiation-induced changes.As research in this field continues to evolve, the book serves as a valuable resource, emphasizing the need for ongoing exploration and awareness in the face of advancing technology.

This manuscript on the evaluation of the supply chain management in the civil construction industry for effective project delivery in Lagos state, Nigeria, is intended to identify the challenges of the construction supply chain management and outline construction chain management practices that can help in curbing these challenges. More so, a risk assessment is conducted to ascertain the various construction supply chain risks that are peculiar to the construction industry in Lagos state. A survey questionnaire was distributed to 75 respondents (construction stakeholders) among the five (5) administrative zones in Lagos, Nigeria. 65 questionnaires were successfully received as feedback from the respondents. The data received was compiled and analyzed via a statistical package for social science (SPSS 26). The raw data obtained from the field was analyzed using the Average Mean Score and Relative Importance Index. From analysis, constraints such as inappropriate organizational structure, ignorance of the supply chain and scarcity of support from top management had a bracket mean score of 3.66 and are equally ranked 1.

Since the collapse of the socialist system in Eastern Europe, the market-economy system has become a prevalent mode of production worldwide. The market system, which incentivizes all economic agents to work hard, is much better than the planned-economy system. Nonetheless, this system is far from perfect. Researchers and policymakers have provided various causes of unsustainable development in this system and how to improve it. However, their discussions mainly surround environmental degradation and social inequality. No one has scrutinized the market system with its random-walk economies as the root of unsustainable development. This book provides an in-depth look into this ideological problem. The book serves a broad base of readers concerned about any adverse impact caused by unsustainable activities or development processes, such as disasters, terrorism, financial crises, and climate change.

This study investigates the effects of negotiation of meaning instances emerging from task-based synchronous computer-mediated communication (SCMC) on second language (L2) vocabulary acquisition. Results based on the chat logs produced by 20 English as a Second Language (ESL) learners collaborating on an information gap task suggest the facilitative benefits of synchronous CMC tasks for the negotiated interaction between L2 learners. Despite the split nature of negotiated interaction in the SCMC environment, most of the L2 learners were able to go through the negotiation of meaning routines documented in the face-to-face literature to work out the meaning of unfamiliar vocabulary. Additionally, their online discussion of lexical problems encountered to a large extent promoted their comprehension and retention of the target vocabulary. These findings provide compelling evidence for the potential of SCMC as an interactive platform for L2 learners to communicate in meaningful contexts, receive feedback from peers and teacher, and improve their interlanguage.

Challenges within the realm of e-leadership encompass a variety of difficulties and hurdles that leaders face in the modern digital era. With organizations operating within a technology-centric landscape, leaders are compelled to adjust to new paradigms. One central challenge involves keeping pace with the swiftly evolving technological environment. Additionally, e-leaders must adeptly handle the intricacies of overseeing remote teams, fostering collaboration without conventional in-person interactions, and cultivating trust among virtual team members, a vital component for successful teamwork.

Educational Administration plays an important role in the development of the institution. Principal is the soul of the entire institution. Principal is the motive force to give momentum. In the college, the staff, the curriculum, methods of teaching, co-curricular activities, human relationship etc. largely depends on the administrative behavior of the principal. The Principal of the college is the center of college administration. The way, the principal deals with the teachers, students, and other staff of the college plays a great role in creating the college climate. The findings of the book are mainly based on field survey. To develop the educational institutions, it is essential to study the administrative behavior of college Principals and its relation to college climate. Thus, book gives the direction through which some steps can be taken to improve the climate of the colleges and administrative behaviour of Principals. This book is the result of research work in connection with the Ph.D. degree.

The accurate determination of the skeletal age of an individual is very important in orthodontic treatment planning. Of the various skeletal maturity indicators available, interpretation of the Hand wrist radiographs and Lateral Cephalograms are the most commonly used and accurate techniques. However, newer advancements like Biochemical markers offer a less invasive alternative when compared to conventional radiographs. This textbook gives a glimpse into the various anatomical, biological and physiological factors involved with growth and maturity, as well as the various conventional and newer techniques for the determination of Skeletal Maturity.

In this book, viscosity is measured using a standard rotational viscometer and an acoustic emission (AE) viscometer. Typically, current viscometers need more time before measurements are taken. However, with the AE viscometer, the time targeted should be shorter. The factors that are being studied are the thickness of the fluid, spindle speed, duration of time taken, and the position of the spindle. A two-level factorial design is used to design the experiment, and the design of the experiment (DOE) is used to analyze the data to find the most significant factor.

If you snore loudly and feel tired even after a full night's sleep, you might have sleep apnea. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), which is the most common form of sleep apnea, occurs due to the obstruction of the upper airway during sleep. It occurs because of inadequate motor tone of the tongue and/or airway dilator muscles. This book aims at giving its reader a thorough understanding of OSA and all the necessary treatment options available, giving its reader an insight into the repercussions of ignoring the habit of snoring and the effects it has on one's health in the long run.

Monografiq poswqschena izucheniü geodinamicheskih processow w Tashkentskom regione s ispol'zowaniem sowremennyh sputnikowyh metodow. Rabota fokusiruetsq na analize naprqzhenno-deformirowannogo sostoqniq zemnoj kory, wyqwlenii tektonicheskih struktur i monitoringe ih izmenenij. Metody, takie kak GNSS, mnogourownewyj awtomatizirowannyj lineamentnyj analiz i drugie, primenqütsq dlq opredeleniq parametrow geodinamicheskih processow. Issledowanie wklüchaet postroenie modeli geoida, wychislenie skorostej punktow, analiz dinamiki lineamentnyh struktur.Kniga prednaznachena dlq magistrow, specialistow w oblasti geodezii, geoinformatiki i geologii, a takzhe dlq issledowatelej, zanimaüschihsq problemami geodinamiki i tektoniki.

Currently, the use of local raw materials in the development of the chemical and biochemical industry on a global scale is one of the urgent tasks, especially the separation of several submolecular substances of the cellulose composition in an ecologically clean manner using modern technologies. Cellulose composition is carried out by the use of solvents in the separation of submolecular substances into fractions. In modern technologies, high efficiency can be achieved by processing cellulose mass at atmospheric pressure and low temperatures. In many countries, the scientific basis of processing cellulose raw materials with the help of various ionic liquids is being rapidly developed. This monograph envisages the use of global experience in the wide-scale development and general modernization of the field of obtaining organic substances based on local raw materials and annual plants. This is very necessary for the development of our people and our country and for us to have our place in the world community. This monograph is intended for chemistry and chemical technology students, undergraduates, and researchers.

The world's progress in human requirements in the last century represents the second qualitative transition - after the Great Industrial Revolution - in prosperity and well-being. Robotics is the pinnacle of this second paradigm shift.Robotics has invaded various fields of life, including industry, medicine, military fields, and even family and social aspects, even in the areas of child care.The robot is the automated alternative to humans in dangerous and heavy jobs, as is the case in heavy movables such as machines, equipment, molten metals, as well as in nuclear reactors and chemical plants, where results with higher accuracy can be obtained than what can be obtained by the human worker

"Coding in C: A Journey from Novice to Expert" is a comprehensive guide designed to empower individuals at every level of programming proficiency. Starting with fundamental concepts, the book systematically navigates through the intricacies of the C programming language, providing hands-on examples and practical insights. Readers embark on a progressive journey, mastering the basics before delving into advanced techniques, coding practices, and efficient problem-solving strategies. The book combines theoretical foundations with real-world application, covering topics such as data structures, algorithms, and memory management. Whether you're a beginner aiming to grasp the essentials or an experienced developer seeking to enhance your skills, this book serves as a valuable resource for unlocking the full potential of C programming.

This book aims to focus on the change in societies as a result of migration and understand its impact on people. It intends to focus, in a sociological perspective, on the difficulties and transformations that in western European societies follow multicultural relations. Multiculturalism has changed. The diversity of growth and entrenchment of international migration has put a strain on the social integration mechanisms of the hosting societies. The emergence and development of ethnically based multiculturalist models have not proved effective over time. The promise or intention of achieving a more integrated society has not been fully realized. These difficulties have led scholars, politicians, and opinion makers to decree its crisis, failure, decline. How do societies change as a result of immigration? Some types of social change, such as those due to migration, have a significant impact on social configurations. A routine order is opposed to a chameleon-like change of immigrant communities that blend from numerical and cultural minorities in the daily life of the majority of natives. Immigrant communities populate places where they work, consume, meet.

Orthognathic surgery is a unique endeavor in facial surgery: a patient's appearance and occlusal function can be improved significantly, impacting the patient's sense of self and well-being. Successful outcomes in modern orthognathic surgery rely on close collaboration between the surgeon and the orthodontist across all stages of treatment, from preoperative planning to finalization of occlusion. Virtual computer planning promotes a more accurate analysis of dentofacial deformity and preoperative planning. It is also an invaluable aid in providing comprehensive patient education.

Dannaq monografiq qwlqetsq perwym opublikowannym nauchnym istochnikom po antropogennyh faktorow na sostoqnie lekarstwennyh rastenij w uslowiqh Karakalpaxtana. V monografii sobrany nowejshie swedeniq ob istorii proishozhdeniq, znachenii, analiz sowremennogo sostoqniq i ohrany lekarstwennyh rastitel'nyh resursow, issledowaniq antropogennogo wozdejstwiq na rastitel'nye resursy, metody issledowaniq i ocenki sostoqniq lekarstwennyh rastenij, izmenenie prirodnoj sredy Karakalpaxtana w swqzi s ee opustyniwaniem, perspektiwy ispol'zowaniq dikorastuschih widow lekarstwennyh rastenij i ih ohrana na territorii Karakalpaxtana äkologicheskij klimat i pochwennye uslowiq Respubliki Karakalpaxtan. Monografiq prednaznachena specialistam, issledowatelqm i nauchnym rabotnikam, obuchaüschimsq w wysshih uchebnyh zawedeniqh.

Principles of Corporate Finance, a comprehensive exploration and an enlightening guide, meticulously crafted for students and finance professionals, unveils the intricate layers of corporate finance theory, strategic applications, and ethical considerations. Each chapter equips readers with indispensable knowledge, from tracing the historical evolution of finance to navigating modern challenges like ESG integration, risk management, and financial crises. The book has thirty-eight chapters organized into ten parts that explore the various dimensions of corporate finance theory, practice, and impact. It delves into financial statement analysis, time value of money principles, and crucial decision-making strategies. Uncover the complexities of mergers, acquisitions, and value creation while mastering stock and bond valuation. Beyond theory, this book addresses the ethical dimensions of corporate governance, business ethics, and social responsibility. Whether as a student seeking insights or a finance professional navigating the evolving landscape, 'Principles of Corporate Finance' is our essential guide to understanding and using corporate finance concepts and tools in your studies.

Salt stress reduces a seed's ability to absorb water (osmotic stress) and causes an ion imbalance within the seed (ionic stress), ultimately inhibiting germination and preventing crop production.Seed priming increases the vigor of seeds and seedlings through metabolic and biochemical processes occurring during controlled hydration, followed by dehydration. In the field, seeds are exposed to hydration-dehydration events in and on the soil after dispersal, as in seed priming.Does salt increase germination?In general, high soil salinity inhibits seed germination due to the low osmotic potential created around the seed, which prevents water uptake. In addition, high concentrations of sodium and chloride ions in the soil may be toxic to seeds

Esthetics plays an important role in the life of each and every individual at some point of life which needs to be addressed with utmost significance as facial profile forms an integral part of it. Orthodontic treatment has long been synonymous to a mouth full of "unattractive" wires. Introduction of clear aligners thus came as a respite to the orthodontic patient, for their esthetic superiority made them more attractive to metal and ceramic brackets. This book gives an insight on clear aligners.