Bücher veröffentlicht von LAP Lambert Academic Publishing

The start of the Iraqi Baath regime's nationwide invasions of Iran in 1359 began with the bombing of Tehran and 19 other cities in Iran, and after that, dozens of Iraqi infantry and armored divisions entered Iran through border routes, and extensive military activities and operations took place in Iran. West, North-West and South regions of Iran did. Iraqi forces in the early days of the imposed war; In the north-western fronts, i.e., Kurdistan and Azerbaijan, due to the active presence of Iranian military forces, they only limited themselves to strengthening fortifications and occupying a few important border heights.

In this preface, I wish to provide you, the reader, with an insight into the journey that led to the creation of this book and the aspirations that underpin its pages. As a lifelong enthusiast of philosophy, I have always been captivated by the intricate interplay of ideas, and how they influence human understanding and, by extension, our actions. The philosophy of idealism, with its emphasis on the power of the mind, the pursuit of truth, and the significance of ethical development, resonated deeply with me. It provided a philosophical framework within which to examine the purpose of education and how it can be harnessed to foster not only intellectual growth but also moral character. The genesis of this book can be traced back to my experiences as a student and later as an educator. It became evident that education, at its core, is not merely the transmission of facts and knowledge, but a means to nurture critical thinking, creativity, and ethical values. Idealism¿s call for the exploration of universal truths and the realization of one¿s intellectual potential struck a chord with me.

Women are able to protect themselves from the burden of conceiving and rearing more children. It is poorer in lower section of the society. The major finding are discussed hereunder majority (60.7percent) of respondents are illiterate. Further, more than half (57.3 percent) of respondent¿s spouses (Husbands) are illiterate. Therefore, formal education programmes are needed in the study population. Nearly three fourth (74.0 percent) of respondents married within relationship. Therefore, people are educated on consequences of marriage among the relationship. One ¿ third (33.4 percent) of respondents had their first birth at the ages of 17-18 years. Therefore, awareness on evil effects of earlier pregnancies can be propagated. Educational level as well as of the respondents are fertility is inversely related. Hence, socio-economic development is needed for control population growth. Moreover, adoption of family planning is also high in permanent method then temporary methods. Hence, advantage temporary methods age pained to the public by health revenue and other department¿s staff.

Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease of the periodontal tissues which is characterized by loss of support of the affected teeth, specifically periodontal ligament fibers and the bone into which they are inserted. Periodontitis may begin as a gingivitis which spreads to the underlying tissues. However, gingivitis lesions do not necessarily progress to periodontitis.This book gives an insight on the pathogenesis of Periodontitis.

Particulate based reinforced MMCs are attractive and much need materials because they exhibit good specific properties and can be produced by conventional metal working processes. Hence, they are being increasingly used in the automotive sectors and aircraft sectors. The applications of MMCs are well established in the space industry and they are now applied due to improved mechanical strength of various light weight components. The wide availability of natural fibre has encouraged the researchers to develop natural fibre reinforced polymer matrix composites. Global development depends on effective utilization of resources such as natural materials and its products. However, natural materials possess lower mechanical properties such as strength, flexibility, durability and so on. Hence, the natural fibres are combined with some of artificial materials to produce composites.

Bu arät¿rman¿n bulgular¿na göre, ebeveynlerin görü¿lerine dayal¿ olarak üstün yetenekli ö¿rencilerin rehberlik deste¿ine en fazla ihtiyaç duyduklar¿ akademik gereksinimler; mükemmeliyetçilik, kendini çok yönlü geli¿tirebilme, gelece¿ini planlama, meslek seçimi, okul seçimi ve isteksizlik gereksinimleridir. Yine ebeveynlerin görü¿lerine göre üstün yetenekli ö¿rencilerin rehberlik deste¿ine en fazla ihtiyaç duyduklar¿ sosyo-duygusal gereksinimler; ä¿r¿ duygusall¿k, unutkanl¿k, al¿nganl¿k, inatç¿l¿k, bo¿ zamanlar¿n¿ etkili bir biçimde kullanma ve ä¿r¿ duyarl¿l¿k gereksinimleridir.

The present work entitled ¿MAGNETIC AND DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES OF SPINEL NANO MAGNETIC OXIDES¿ mainly deals with the structural, electrical, dielectric and magnetic properties of Co0.3Cu0.4Zn0.3Fe2-xAlxO4 and Co0.3Cu04Zn0.3Fe2-xCrxO4spinel ferrite systems prepared by standard ceramic technique. Chapter I Introduction: This chapter gives introduction to magnetism, kinds of magnetism, Composition and structure of ferrite, Types of spinel ferrite, Application of ferrites and Literature survey of ferrite and aim of the work. Chapter 2 Preparation and properties of ferrite: This chapter deals with the various preparative technique of ferrite and electrical and magnetic properties of ferrite. Chapter 3 Experimental Techniques: This chapter is devoted to the brief introduction of the experimental techniques which are used in the present work. Chapter 4 Results and Discussion of Co0.3Cu0.4Zn0.3Fe2-xAlxO4: This chapter presents the results obtained on Co0.3Cu0.4Zn0.3Fe2xAlxO4 spinel ferrite system and their discussion along with conclusions. Chapter 5: This chapter presents the experimental results obtained on Co0.3Cu04Zn0.3Fe2-xCrxO4 spinel ferrite system.

Household saving is a source of investment and is regarded as a key factor in economic growth. This book is an effort to examine the determinants of household saving in Kabul, Afghanistan. Several economic and socio-demographic factors that affect household saving have been completely examined in this study. The data was collected through a well-structured questionnaire from 384 households. Through stratified random sampling, 384 household¿s heads were interviewed. For statistical investigation author applied Diagnostic test and Generalized Least Square methods to his model. It is observed from the estimated result of this study that income is a major and most important determinant of household saving which positively affects the saving of a household. Further, results also reveal that household size has negative and significant relationship with household saving. The educational level of the household head shows a negative impact on household saving. The results further indicate that married household head and male household head are likely to save more as compared to unmarried household head and female household head respectively.

The Apparel Design book involves technical and artistic creativity of the Fashion Industry, where Apparel Designers need to conceptualize, create as well as monitor the manufacturing of clothes. A person specializing in this stream works in the broad areas of the Apparel Industry such as Ready to Wear, Specialized Fashion, Active wear, Sports Wear, Functional Clothing (clothes specially designed for particular profession), etc.

This book includes three main sections. The First Chapter (Introduction); is concerned with the concepts of with some types of polymers like: ¿- thermosetting polymers, such as: 1- phenolic resins [novolac phenol formaldehyde and resole phenol formaldehyde], their properties, modifications and applications, 2- epoxy resins, their history, synthesis of different types (epoxy resin based on bisphenol A, epoxy novolac resins, halogenated epoxy, hydrogenated bisphenol A, and epoxy resins from per acids). Curing and cross-linking reactions of epoxy resins, types of curing agents [alkaline curing agent (Lewis¿s base, primary and secondary aliphatic amines), acidic curing agent (Lewis¿s acids) and phenolic resins]. Modifications, properties, and applications of cured epoxy resins were also mentioned. II- thermoplastic polymers such as 1- poly (vinyl acetate), their polymerization, properties and applications, 2- poly (vinyl alcohol), their properties and applications, 3- poly (vinyl acetals) such as poly (vinyl formal) and poly (vinyl butyral), and their applications. Introduction also deals with providing some relevant researches that published in scientific journals are also included.

Fixed prosthodontics treatment involves the replacement and restoration of teeth by artificial substitutes that are not readily removable from the mouth. Its focus is to restore function, aesthetics, and comfort of the patient. Treatment can range from the fairly straight forward restoration of a single tooth with a cast crown, replacement of one or more missing teeth with a fixed partial denture, to a highly complex restoration involving all the teeth in an entire arch or dentition. To achieve predictable success in this technically exacting and demanding field, there must be meticulous attention to every detail from the initial patient interview and diagnosis, through the active treatment phases, and to a planned schedule of follow-up care. Ever since the application of fixed partial dentures has found wide acceptance for prosthetic treatment, failures and complications have been of special concern. We focus on the various failure types of fixed prosthodontics, their causes, and precautions to be borne in mind to avoid the same and alternative treatment options to correct the patient¿s present situation in this book.

Pediatric dentistry has advanced leaps and bounds under the influence of new digital technology. The use of digital tools such as CBCT, for diagnosis has greatly increased the probability of establishing the correct diagnosis even in complicated cases. Digital technology provides for storage and sharing of patient records on cloud thus facilitating data sharing when an inter-disciplinary team approach is required. Simulations of final treatment outcome go a long way in establishing communication with parents and children thus building trust. Digital impressions made through intra oral scanner, not only increase ac- curacy but also make the process of impression making easier for the child thereby increasing compliance. 3D printing or additive manufacturing has various applications in pediatric dentistry, such as, manufacturing of Space Maintainers, Myofunctional Appliances, Pediatric Crowns, Night guards, Appliances for Sports Dentistry etc.This book aims at providing an insight into the applications of digitalization in the field of pediatric dentistry. It attempts to familiarise pediatric dentists with the steps involved in establishing a complete digital workflow.

All references in the field of manuscript paintings related to the Arab School mentioned that the borders of this school extend to Iraq, Iran, the Levant, Egypt, Morocco, and Andalusia. However, research in the context of this school¿s paintings has revealed that the Matenadaran of Mashtots in Armenia preserves a number of manuscripts produced by the Armenian painter Grigor Tatevatsi and the anonymous of Syuniq, which dates back to the end of the fourteenth century and the beginning of the fifteenth century. Since this painter had previously lived in Iran and Jerusalem for long periods, he was greatly influenced by the images of the Arab school and transferred many of the decorative elements of this school to the images included in the Gospels that he produced.

This book commences with an introduction to cloud computing and green cloud computing. Further, it comprises its historical view, prominent characteristics, underpinning technologies that led to the advancement of green cloud computing, and various advantages and disadvantages. It also covers the architecture of parallel cloud computing focusing on the role played by each entity. It analyses the primary challenges that are preventing the cloud from reaching its full potential, such as application partitioning and offloading, and it discusses how to overcome these challenges. A discussion of the challenges associated with the offloading of energy-efficient processing from applications into a green cloud computing environment is presented, which is then followed by a discussion of the future of green cloud computing and how green edge computing fit into it.

Biomarkers has always been an enigma of interest for researchers. The information they carry and if revealed and understood by the researchers will generate an array of hope and answers from diagnosis of the rarest of rare diseases and their cure. Body fluids like blood, urine and cerebro spinal fluid have playing a significant role as a storehouse of various biomarkers. The role of saliva as a biomarker has not been dealt with such enthusiasm in the past though it continues to nurture numerous biomarkers that plays a key role in the identification of systemic as well as oral diseases. This book illustrates on the various biomakers found in saliva and their potential in the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases.

Predlagaemaq monografiq poswqschena obobscheniü opyta mirowoj nauki po woprosu o metodah prowedeniq razlichnyh korrigiruüschih operacij i al'ternatiwnogo lecheniq pri woronkoobraznoj i kilewidnoj deformaciqh grudnoj kletki, analizu bolee 400 operacij, proizwedennyh kollektiwom awtorow. Otdel'no wydelqetsq glawa, poswqschennaq al'ternatiwnomu konserwatiwnomu lecheniü ätih widow deformacij s primeneniem Vacuum Bell i ortezow, obschee kolichestwo pacientow prewysilo 6000. Kniga w znachitel'noj stepeni wospolnqet probel, imeüschijsq w oblasti wosstanowitel'nyh operacij pri woronkoobraznoj i kilewidnoj deformacii, i sluzhit fundamentom dlq klinicistow pul'monologow, torakal'nyh hirurgow, detskih hirurgow, pri wnedrenii w praktiku razlichnyh metodow lecheniq ätoj neredko wstrechaüschejsq i nedoocenennoj patologii. Neswoewremennaq korrekciq deformacii grudnoj kletki detej priwodit w starshem wozraste k funkcional'nym narusheniqm organow grudnoj kletki i, chto nemalowazhno, k narusheniqm w psihoämocional'noj sfere i social'noj dezadaptacii.

Kraaled hotspot sites have critical roles in structuring tree-grass cohabitation on hotspot patches, forage availability and quality, and plant production in savanna systems and ranch areas. Previously, kraaled locations were shown to be appealing to herbivores, resulting in herbivores, particularly cattle, using these kraaled sites. This research looked at the impacts of time after kraaling on woody species variety, focusing on species abundance and richness in previously kraaled patches, as well as the effects of time after kraaling on grass species basal cover, biomass, and richness in these hotspot areas two years later. Previously kraaled hotspot areas of 50m x 50m were selected at random and labeled as paddock 11, 15, 64, and 66 two years following kraaling. The results reveal that 2 years after kraaling had a significant influence on grass plant biomass as the p-value (p = 0.000) is less than p =0.05) at a 95% confidence interval and grass species biomass as the p-value (p = 0.023) is less than p =0.05) at a 95% confidence interval.

Maxillary sinus is a largest paranasal sinus and is pyramidal in shape which pneumatize at the age of 15.Maxillary sinus augmentation is a widely used method of to increase the vertical bone height in case of residual ridge resorption, pneumatization, early dental extractions which has vital structures around surrounding the sinus so it is important to know the anatomy, biomaterials, complications, their management and the post-operative care to ensure the safety of the patient. clinical and radiological investigation are important in deciding the diagnosis and ensuring proper treatment protocol. Following the advancement in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery newer techniques are employed in the treatment of techniques which are lesser invasive and has lesser post-operative complications.

The current study presents an investigation into the optimal content determination of the mix parameters in their acceptable ranges through various fresh, mechanical, and durability characteristics along with microstructural analysis of the ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS)-based SCGC cured under ambient temperature. Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC)-based self-compacting concrete (SCC) was prepared too as a control concrete. Both the M25 SCGC and SCC were characterized through fresh property tests satisfying the flowability, passing ability, and segregation resistance. The mechanical properties and durability characteristics were evaluated. The prime mix parameters considered in SCGC with their variation ranges were molar concentration of sodium hydroxide (10M, 12M, 14M, 16M), sodium silicate to hydroxide ratio (1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0), superplasticizer (SP) dosage (5%, 6%, 7%, 8%), and percentage of extra water (EW) (15%, 18%, 21%, 24%). The results of SCGC were compared with the control SCC and discussed. The optimal values of the mix parameter were found to be a 12M concentration of NaOH, Na2SiO3 to NaOH ratio of 2.5, SP dose of 7%, and EW percentage of 21%.

Bu çal¿¿ma bayan judocularda yetenek seçimini etkileyen motor özelliklerin belirlenmesi üzerine yap¿lm¿¿t¿r. Çal¿¿ma sonucunda bäar¿l¿ bayan judocular¿n statik, dinamik denge ve koordinasyon motor özelliklerinde anlaml¿ farkl¿l¿k oldu¿u tespit edilmi¿tir. Bu nedenle yetenekli sporcular¿n seçiminde bu motor beceriler öne ç¿kmaktad¿r. Sporcu seçiminde bu motor becerilerin kullan¿lmas¿ bäar¿l¿ sporcular¿n seçiminde bir kriter olarak kullan¿labilinir.

The era of society 5.0 as a concept of a human centered technology (technology based). The era of 5.0 has brought very drastic changes to society. Individualist attitudes become very high in society, they are also contaminated by intolerant and radical ideas. This research is a qualitative research with literature study method. This method collects information or data through books, journals or articles that are relevant to the problem being studied, namely the concept of society 5.0 and religious tolerance.Dynamism is the belief in spirits occupying every object, where a dynamist seeks to do good to the (anonymous) spirits with offerings. Polytheism is the belief in gods that have specific names and specific abilities and duties. And Henotheism is the belief in a single national God for the group alone. Jews who believe in Yahweh as a God who gives special love to the Children of Israel alone. (Nasution, 2008, pp. 4-12).The concept of divinity in various societies gives rise to a certain form of civilization, which of course will expand the differences between each of its adherents.

The Duolingo English Test book is a guide for the adaptive test that assesses the English proficiency level of non-native English speakers. Comparing to other English Proficiency tests, Duolingo English Test (DET) is more is convenient, fast, affordable, and trusted. This book provides a guideline on how to prepare yourself for the test and obtain the best possible score in the DET. The materials used in the book is for practices and the actual test may vary quite a lot, yet the more you practice with this guide, you may get more confidence to obtain a better score.

V nastoqschee wremq issledowaniq prochnosti, ustojchiwosti i proizwoditel'nosti änergeticheskih i tehnologicheskih mashin, a takzhe letatel'nyh apparatow (samolötow, raket i dronow) qwlqetsq aktual'noj zadachej. Osnownye wysheukazannye mashiny rabotaüt pod wozdejstwiem udarnyh i wibracionnyh nagruzok. Poätomu, obespechit' prochnost' i ustojchiwost' wysheukazannyh mashin trebuet proizwodstwo. Nekotorye iz ätih problem obsuzhdeny w rabotah. Jeto predstawlqet soboj bolee razwituü i aktual'nuü oblast' sowremennoj dinamiki dwizhuschihsq apparatow. Cel'ü raboty qwlqetsq razrabotka metodow matematicheskogo i komp'üternogo modelirowaniq dinamicheskih processow sistem aktiwnoj i passiwnoj wibrozaschity dlq usowershenstwowaniq w nelinejnyh mehanicheskih sistemah. A takzhe w powyshenii äffektiwnosti primeneniq passiwnoj i aktiwnoj wibrozaschity ob#ektow (naprimer, w radio-älektronnyh ustrojstwah) za schet optimal'nogo wybora ih parametrow i uchöta strukturno-dissipatiwnyh swojstw sistemy.

"Modernizing the Green Pea Harvest: Mechanized Pod Collection" is a groundbreaking book that explores the contemporary advancements in the world of green pea pod harvesting. This comprehensive work not only delves into the latest mechanized harvesting techniques but also features a seminal research study titled "Development and Evaluation of Pea Pod Picker Mechanism." This research, a cornerstone of the book, provides a detailed examination of a cutting-edge mechanism designed for efficient pea pod collection. Readers will gain insights into the transformative impact of mechanization on the traditional agricultural practices, leading to improved productivity, sustainability, and reduced labor. Through real-world examples, expert commentary, and in-depth analysis, this book offers a valuable resource for farmers, researchers, and agricultural enthusiasts eager to stay at the forefront of sustainable food production. "Modernizing the Green Pea Harvest" is an essential read for anyone interested in the future of agricultural innovation and the optimization of pea pod harvesting techniques.

The book entitled ¿Performance of Different Varieties to Various Phosphorus Levels in green gram (Vigna radiata L.) was carried out in Kharif season during 2021-2022 at the crop research center of School of Agriculture, ITM University, Gwalior, M.P. The experiment was laid down in a Factorial randomized block design with twelve treatments viz., three varieties (MM4, PDM139. KMB18) and four levels of phosphorus (0, 20, 40, 60 kg ha-1). The growth attributes viz., plant height, number of leaves, Leaf area (cm2), Leaf area index, and Plant dry matter(g) at different growth stages viz., 20,40,60 and at harvest days after sowing were recorded and the treatment 60 kg P ha-1 showed highest among the levels of phosphorus and found at par with 40 kg P ha-1 in all stages.

The survey work is carried out on simultaneous scheduling optimization with Machines and AGV¿s. The third chapter highlights various concepts of simultaneous scheduling. The significance of the scheduling in FMS environment is also considered and chapter four discusses the proposed Differential Evolution, Simulated Annealing, and a Tabu search, for the optimization of the simultaneous scheduling of AGV¿s and Machines. Fifth chapter depicts the various simultaneous scheduling Model Buildings with various configurations and discusses the proposed Differential Evolution, Simulated Annealing, and a Tabu search procedures followed in optimizing the simultaneous scheduling of AGV¿s and Machines and sixth chapter explains the procedure of Differential Evolution, Simulated Annealing, and a Tabu search provides comparison of proposed algorithm with the obtained results and the various observations of the performances of Meta-heuristic methods are enumerated. The final chapter seven gives the conclusion of the research work carried out on simultaneous scheduling of AGV¿s and Machine, and also discusses the scope for future work.

Developing a doctor to be an instructor in a university or an academic institution demands enrollment in a development course called instruction methods. Enabling board certified physicians to satisfactorily perform their role in teaching postgraduate and training of postgraduate physicians in their residency also requires providing them with the general principles of instruction. Therefore, there has been an increasing demand for conducting instruction methods courses for physicians and other healthcare professionals, including dentists and pharmacists. The aim of this book is to describe an intensive instruction methods course, which was conducted for healthcare professionals (physicians, dentists, and pharmacists) at Baghdad Medical City during September 2023. The course was also conducted for physicians in the hall of the National Institute of Tuberculosis during October 2023. The course which the book describes provides all the essential principles of instruction methods. This book is expected to be of interest to medical instructors, professors, and healthcare professionals including physicians working in academic institutions, training centers, and teaching hospitals.

V monografii predstawleny srawnitel'nye dannye tradicionnogo otkrytogo i maloinwaziwnogo laparoskopicheskogo hirurgicheskogo lecheniq wnutribrüshinnyh powrezhdenij mochewogo puzyrq. Proanalizirowany preimuschestwa i nedostatki kazhdogo iz nih na osnowanii chastoty hirurgicheskih oslozhnenij, pokazatelej kreatininowoj proby, naprqzhennoj cistografii i drugih metodow issledowaniq.Dlq urologow, ändourologow i wrachej smezhnyh special'nostej.

Na segodnqshnij den' neuklonnyj rost kolichestwa zabolewanij respiratornoj sistemy qwlqetsq samym aktual'nym naprawleniem sowremennoj pediatrii. Zabolewaniq nizhnih dyhatel'nyh putej harakterizuütsq razlichnymi kliniko-morfologicheskimi proqwleniqmi, zachastuü priwodqschimi k bronhial'noj obstrukcii. V monografii obobscheny dannye literatury i mnogoletnie issledowaniq kollektiwa Samarkandskogo gosudarstwennogo medicinskogo uniwersiteta poswqschennye woprosam diagnostiki, kliniki, lechebnoj taktiki ostryh obstruktiwnyh bronhitow u detej s atipichnoj mikrofloroj. Monografiq prednaznachena dlq pediatrow, wrachej obschej praktiki, magistrow, klinicheskih ordinatorow i studentow medicinskih institutow.

Benilüx ¿ äto mezhprawitel'stwennaq organizaciq, predstawlqüschaq soboj politicheskij, äkonomicheskij i tamozhennyj soüz w Zapadnoj Ewrope, wklüchaüschij w sebq tri monarhii: Bel'giü, Niderlandy i Lüxemburg.Benilüx ¿ äto welikolepnyj primer togo, kak tri strany mogut soobscha reshat' razlichnye problemy: äkonomicheskie, politicheskie i social'nye.Niderlandskij i francuzskij qwlqütsq oficial'nymi qzykami Benilüxa i ego institutow. Iz obschego naseleniq (27.6 mln chel.) gosudarstw-chlenow ¿ 22,6 mln (82 %) zhiwut w Niderlandah i Flandrii, gde niderlandskij qwlqetsq gosudarstwennym qzykom. Deqtel'nost' Jekonomicheskogo Soüza Benilüx byla naibolee aktiwna do sozdaniq EJeS, w kotoroe s 1 qnwarq 1958 goda woshli wse tri strany. Vposledstwii mnogie trudnorazreshimye w ramkah Benilüxa problemy reshalis' na urowne EJeS. V monografii 16 glaw, zatragiwaüschie woprosy geografii, istorii i sowremennogo sostoqniq treh stran Benilüxa. Osoboe wnimanie udelqetsq problemam stanowleniq i razwitiq sfery turizma i podgotowki kadrow dlq turisticheskoj deqtel'nosti Bel'gii, Niderlandow i Lüxemburga.