Bücher veröffentlicht von Our Knowledge Publishing

Understanding how a foreign policy is formulated involves knowledge of the history of the state being studied and also the various events that drive the actions of international actors. A state's external actions can be explained through offensive realism, which explains that since there is no supranational organisation to regulate these actions, the key to survival is power. The aim of this work was to identify the changes in US foreign policy towards the Middle East, especially Afghanistan and Iraq, from the start of the Cold War until the first decade after the attacks of 11 September 2001. US interests in the Middle East have existed since the Cold War, representing the country's greatest efforts to contain the advance of the Soviet Union. The US political strategy for the region is a vital question of maintaining a political and economic status quo that allows oil to be exploited and commercialised at affordable prices. The 2001 attacks changed the focus of US foreign policy towards the Middle East and culminated in wars and political crises.

The fruit-growing sector in Brazil is considered one of the largest in the world, standing out as the third largest fruit producer, with an estimated production of more than 42 million tons. However, the production destined for the foreign market is very low, due to the low level of technology used in the cultivation of fruit trees, coupled with phytosanitary problems that have a direct impact on the quality of the fruit. Infestation by fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) is considered the biggest obstacle to the production, marketing and export of fruit trees, and is one of the country's biggest pests. The aim of this work was to quantitatively assess the biodiversity of Tephritidae and the occurrence of parasitoids associated with domestic orchards in the municipalities of Bananeiras and Borborema - PB.

This book discusses the importance of CSR in a constantly changing environment. It highlights the impact of globalization, the pressures exerted by stakeholders and the importance of an organization's ethical image. Associations also play a key role in development, solidarity and the defense of human rights. The research methodology adopted is quantitative, and aims to identify the potential CSR practices of associations in the Fès-Meknès region that may constitute a performance factor. The book also presents a literature review on associations and CSR, as well as an analysis of overall performance and measurement tools.

In this study, I try to understand some of the symbolic aspects that have emerged from the renovations carried out at the Cristo Rei Municipal Cemetery, located on Avenida Maripá, in the city of Toledo, in the first decade of the 21st century. The renovations involved important symbolic work, since new elements were inserted into the space, while at the same time some old elements were maintained and valorised. Therefore, I chose two monuments that make up the remodelled cemetery space to base the study on, and a few other elements that recall the local pioneering spirit. The first is block 27, which is made up of burials from 1953 to 1972. During the renovation of the necropolis, "the forgotten" were honoured by having their names identified and plaques placed in the main corridor of the cemetery. The element being analysed is the "Arches of Life" - where the plaques with the names "of the forgotten" in alphabetical order are located - located in the central corridor of the cemetery. The arches represent interrupted lives, births and deaths. They are of different sizes to represent the varying longevity of each life.

This paper compares the total costs of BOD5 control in a section of the Bío Bío river basin, in the VIII Region of Chile, between standard control policies and a market system: Standard Control with a market system. According to countless theoretical demonstrations and simulations developed over the last decades, the market system is cost-effective. However, when compliance with pre-set targets is required and verified, forcing the market system to reduce the number of permits to meet the environmental target, the market system loses its efficiency. This application shows that at certain levels of environmental demand, a system of transferable discharge permits is no longer cost-effective due, among other reasons, to: the restrictions imposed by the water systems themselves, the location of the most polluting sources with the highest marginal abatement costs in the area studied, and the assimilation capacity of the receiving water bodies.

The theme of this research is discursive multimodality and is based on an expanded notion of text (FAIRCLOUGH, 2001), according to which text is defined as a unit of meaning and therefore concerns verbal compositions, non-verbal compositions and also compositions made up of both verbal and non-verbal material. Our aim is to examine how multimodality contributes to the materialization of preventive discourse in posters promoting the Family Health Program (PSF), identifying and characterizing the multimodal elements that structure the genre in question, and verifying how these elements are articulated to construct and naturalize potentially ideological meanings. Under the prism of qualitative research, we carried out a study based on photographic records of posters circulating in PSF service centers. Reports and field notes supported the contextualization and analysis of the data, based on the theoretical-methodological assumptions of Visual Design Grammar (KRESS; van LEEUWEN, 2006) and Critical Discourse Analysis (ADC) (FAIRCLOUGH; 2001, 2003).

This book is the result of research into the conceptions that parents and students have about the assessment of learning carried out in the classroom, under the regime of continuous progression. The aim was to find out what parents of students enrolled in the initial years of primary school and their children, the students, believe about not failing at school. This qualitative fieldwork took place in two public schools in the municipality of Taquaruçu do Sul - RS. It was based on the assumption that there was a need to give a voice to two segments of the school community - parents and students - who are not usually heard. Continued progression still seems to be poorly understood and unaccepted by parents, who see it as a way of making things easier for pupils, creating in them the understanding that they don't need to study because automatic approval is guaranteed for everyone. There is a need for parents and students to be informed about assessment and to be made aware that the assessment process through continuous progression helps to reinforce the commitment of teachers, students and parents to learning.

The aim of this book is to present the experience and work carried out during a Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing internship, as part of the acquisition of competences as a Specialist Mental Health and Psychiatric Nurse. To summarise, the work project is based on Betty Neuman's nursing model, and aims to develop a theoretical-practical work of empirical research and nursing intervention in the field of therapeutic adherence in people with mental illness, in Psychiatric Emergency and Psychosocial Rehabilitation contexts. The research is based on an extensive-quantitative strategy aimed at producing knowledge about the multidimensional systemic factors that underlie therapeutic adherence in people with mental illness. The central information-gathering technique was a questionnaire survey. The findings reveal that the presence of more severe psychotic episodes, with delusional activity and low insight, combined with weakened social ties, negatively influence therapeutic adherence.

This work sought to follow the daily lives of women benzedeiras who practice healing with their prayers, with the use of herbs, with the touch of their hands and make people of all ages, creeds and without social distinction keep faith and the practice of benzedura alive. It can be seen that even with the care provided by medical advances, the demand for these women is still alive, albeit on the outskirts and in the rural areas of this municipality. Bearing in mind that this work was based on ethnography, field research and my involvement with the women benzedeiras of Jaguarão, a city that makes up the Pampa region on the border with Uruguay, I was always looking for and paying attention to the secular knowledge that endures among the most experienced. This is how we sought to record culture and knowledge, without losing the knowledge that the experience of others can add to the world.

The fattening project implemented by the Association des Femmes de Kouyou pour Promouvoir les Activités Nutritionnelles (AFKPAN) (Kouyou Women's Association for the Promotion of Nutritional Activities) is part of a series of initiatives to improve the economic conditions of disadvantaged sections of the village. The village of Kouyou has a population of 655 (RGPH, 2009). It is located 5 km from the town of Kita. The project stems from a participatory diagnosis of the village of Kouyou. The diagnosis identified the following priority problems: 1- Difficult access to healthcare; 2- Difficult access to school education; 3- Lack of a mill; 4- Low crop yields; 5- Poverty. Based on the analysis of the problems, poverty appears to be the major constraint mentioned by all the social strata hindering the development of the locality, maintained by the lack of income-generating activities. The search for an alternative to poverty led us to choose the theme: Capacity building for women in sheep fattening techniques.

Nitrogen fertilisation represents a high cost for small producers who do not have sufficient subsidies to invest in their crops and thus obtain higher crop yields and profitability. This cost can be reduced by biological nitrogen fixation through the cultivation of leguminous soil cover crops. The aim was to evaluate vetch genotypes associated with different strains of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, seeking satisfactory results within the reach of producers. The whole experiment shows a series of advantages and ways of contributing to agriculture and the environment, generating production with reduced impact.

Uzbekistan is Belarus's key partner in Central Asia. The two former Soviet republics celebrated the 30th anniversary of diplomatic relations in 2023. And today, based on numerous facts, one can assert that the interaction between Minsk and Tashkent is experiencing a period of a peculiar flourishing, which is reaching a qualitatively new level and seeking to find and expand new joint forms of cooperation to realize the objectives of strategic cooperation. In December 2023, Samarkand hosted the 10th meeting of the joint Belarusian-Uzbek intergovernmental commission on bilateral cooperation, during which the parties discussed the state and prospects of trade and economic interaction, paying special attention to the spheres of industry, agriculture and healthcare, in order to fill the economic component of the partnership between Belarus and Uzbekistan with new practical content, to ensure timely implementation of investment projects and trade contracts. After all, the parties still have a significant potential to multiply trade volumes by expanding supplies of products in demand in the markets of the two countries. This is the subject of this study.

This study deals, for the first time, with the relationship between Violence and Sexual Difficulties in the puerperium and also the role of puerperal depression in this relationship. In fact, to date we have not found any studies evaluating this association. Therefore, although Sexual Difficulties and Violence are prevalent problems in the pregnancy-puerperium cycle, with serious impacts on the quality and even the integrity of women's lives, there is a lack of studies on the relationship between these aspects. Another positive aspect of the study is that it reinforces the importance of assessing sexuality, violence and depression up to 18 months after childbirth in a group of low/middle-income women treated at a public health service. As a rule, sexuality, violence and depression are issues that are often neglected in the care of women in public services for various reasons. The study is important because it is unprecedented and addresses sensitive issues and associations that have been little studied.

Attention to women before, during and after the menopause is currently arousing interest. There are two main reasons for this: proportional ageing and the controversial benefits of HRT in controlling the changes associated with osteopenia and osteoporosis. The effects on the oral cavity range from dryness and burning of the mucous membranes to mobility and tooth loss. The aim of this study was to evaluate the linear measurement of the distance between the cemento-enamel junction and the apical region of the alveolar crest, and the optical density, gray levels/attenuation coefficient of the apical region of the alveolar crest in molars and incisors using 150 vertical interproximal radiographs digitized by the DentScan DentView system. 270 bone defects, 5 dry skulls, produced progressively, mechanically/chemically were evaluated by comparing and correlating these variables. The results showed that there was more underestimation in more advanced defects than overestimation, concluding that it is possible to detect bone changes in the alveolar crest by digitizing images, before they are visualized on conventional radiographs, including periodontal disease, menopause and osteoporosis.

The aim of this study was to analyze the morphometric parameters of the Cuquema river basin in order to contribute to better management of the region's water resources. To obtain the morphometric characteristics of the basin under study, digital topographic maps were used and, using the Qgis software, it was possible to delimit the drainage area, the perimeter of the basin, the lengths of the main watercourse, the axial longitude and the difference between the elevations, which allowed us to determine the slope of the basin under analysis.This is a river basin with very significant water potential for the Republic of Angola as it is the first tributary of Angola's main river (the Kwanza River) and the main source of water supply for the different uses (extractive and non-extractive) in the region.

The classic doctrine of political transitions assumes that they involve the democratic succession from oppression to freedom, from human rights violations to the rule of law. It presents this phenomenon as beginning with the process of dissolving an authoritarian regime and leading to the establishment of a democratic system of governance. In Africa in the 1990s, this paradigm inspired donor policies through support programs for democratization, electoral processes, the press and civil society, the judiciary and even the reform of the armed forces and police. The optimism of this era of proclitic conditionality quickly gave way to disenchantment, when it became clear that "the mayonnaise wasn't working", at least not everywhere. The premium on democratization is replaced by the premium on good management, and in many cases even by the premium on the status quo. Note that political transitions do not necessarily lead from dictatorship to democracy, and evolution is not necessarily straightforward.

The content of this book comes from a research project that seeks to understand the ways in which the art of reading hands is appropriated in contemporary Brazil. To do this, it was necessary to present the narratives and personalities that make up the trajectory of hand reading, analyze the profile of those who have knowledge in the Art of Hand Reading and, finally, understand how the forms of appropriation of this theme occur. At the first stage of the research, through a bibliographical survey, we looked at some of the points made about the universe of the Art of Reading Hands, recognizing that it is a little-known subject and also one that has been addressed in the academic sphere. In the second moment, in order to understand how knowledge about the Art of Reading Hands occurs in contemporary Brazil, I present the research in its qualitative nature for the development and finalization of this work. The results show that it is possible to obtain knowledge and learning for this Art through family tradition, through courses, and even through conceptions that permeate the religious phenomenon.

This study describes the main predisposing characteristics related to the presence of ectoparasites on poultry farms. Information from the environment, the birds and the ectoparasites was analyzed and results were obtained that made it possible to qualify them as important aspects in the epidemiology of these parasites on laying poultry farms.

Through our experience, we have analyzed the value of immunological exploration, namely the calculation of the IgG index and isoelectrofocalization (IEF) in the detection of IgG IS for the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS), a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS). To this end, we conducted a study involving 223 patients with suspected MS for whom a CSF immunoassay was requested. There were 2 groups of patients: "MS" (n=54) and "non-MS" (n=96). The IgG index was ¿ 0.7 in 43/53 of "MS" patients and 15/94 of "non-MS" patients. With regard to IEF, this technique showed a profile 2 or 3 (oligoclonal bands (BOC)+) in 51/54 "MS" cases. In "non-MS" patients, IEF showed a profile 1 or 4 in 75 cases, and a profile (BOC+) in 21 cases. Sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of MS were 81%-84% for the IgG index and 94%-81% for the IEF, respectively. In conclusion, our results showed that IEF in CSF is the most sensitive test for detecting IgG IS and constitutes the "Gold standard" in the biological exploration of MS.

The banking and financial system of the WAEMU zone is the product of several eras that have marked its structure and activity. The system came into being following the installation of colonial banks, which were subsidiaries of Western banks and were rigorously managed. Over time, these banks underwent reforms that formed an integral part of the core liberalisation measures advocated by the community of donors and implemented under the aegis of the international financial institutions. With these reforms, the system was rebuilt and the profit rates posted by the main financial institutions in the franc zone are among the highest in the world. At the same time, the developed countries saw an acceleration of their financial markets, an unlimited quest for profit, a deregulation of the banking system followed by the appearance of new products, futures products, and excessive speculation. The bursting of the speculative bubble following mortgage lending led to a financial crisis known as the sub-prime crisis, which spread and turned into an economic crisis.

This is a quantitative study with a descriptive exploratory design. Its general objective was to analyse the knowledge of nursing technicians and assistants at a hospital in the Vale do Rio dos Sinos/RS/Brazil region about the use of pressurized metered dose inhalers in children with asthma in paediatric inpatient units, as well as the PICU (Paediatric Intensive Care Unit). The specific objectives were to assess the technique used to apply and handle metered-dose inhalers, as well as knowledge about cleaning the spacers and masks of pressurized metered-dose inhalers. The study showed that only 11 nursing professionals (26.83%) had received training in the use of pressurized metered dose inhalers. The results show the importance of periodic training on the subject, given that aerosol therapy is the gold standard and widely used in the treatment of childhood asthma.

The Community Association Recycling for Life (ACREVI) is an association of waste pickers who, for 18 years, have been working in the selective collection of solid waste in the city of Mossoró - RN, as a way of generating income and social inclusion. The members are people who, for various reasons, were looking for an identity and, by joining ACREVI, they were able to reintegrate themselves into the work of collecting and sorting rubbish. This research provides a better understanding of this project, making an analogy with the Solid Waste Law.

The environment is at the heart of today's global challenges. The effects of global warming are clearly visible: floods, drought, melting glaciers, etc. This¿ is why we are now witnessing the organization of several climate summits around the world. The environment has become the century's only real challenge. Yet in the DRC, as in other parts of the world, this sector is left to its sad fate. Ecosystems are being destroyed, as in the Equatorial Forest, the world's second largest lung after the Amazon. If Congolese natural spaces are doomed to destruction over time, urban environments are not spared: destruction and pollution of the air, untreated wastewater... This degradation of the environment, both natural and urban, has several consequences.

With the growth in demand for data traffic on third generation (3G) networks, mobile operators have been focusing their infrastructure resources on the places where the greatest need is identified. The aim of targeting these investments is to maintain the quality of service provided, especially in dense urban regions. In this work, we predict time series in a WCDMA - HSPA network for the parameters Rx Power, RSCP (Received Signal Code Power), Ec/Io (Energy per chip/Interference) and throughput at the physical layer. The parameter values were collected in a fully functioning network through a drive test in the city of Natal - RN, a capital city in northeastern Brazil. The models used to predict the time series were Simple Exponential Smoothing, Holt, Additive Holt-Winters and Multiplicative Holt-Winters. The aim of the time series predictions is to verify which model will generate the best predictions of the WCDMA - HSPA network parameters.

In Algeria, the poultry sector is the animal production sector that has seen the most spectacular growth since the 1980s, thanks to government intervention (Alloui, 2011). According to the FAO (2009), poultry production in Algeria is the country's largest animal production sector. Developing this sector is the best way of meeting the population's growing need for animal protein as quickly as possible (Harkati et al., 2011). The aim of this document is to highlight the epidemiological situation of the main poultry diseases in the world, which will serve as a database for the various players in the sector, i.e. veterinarians, researchers, breeders and the authorities concerned.

Decentralisation is a topical issue in Cameroon and Africa, and a global requirement for democracy, good governance and the participation of CSOs, trade unions and the general public in the management of public affairs. It aims to bring decision-making closer to the citizen and increase the efficiency of the public service. It is in this sense that decentralisation can represent a powerful tool for implementing the governance strategy and combating poverty. The current precarious situation of the target groups, namely the staff of the local authorities, does not yet favour their full participation in the implementation of the decentralisation process. This means that the issue of pay and career profile is of vital importance in labour law, of which they are one of the essential dimensions. All in all, this study shows that the population studied is fairly experienced, due to the fact that it is ageing. It should be noted here that the families of CTD workers are fairly stable, despite their low salaries, which vary from one local authority to another, and their sometimes unpaid bonuses.

Towards the end of his or her life, a senior citizen has the task of taking stock of his or her career and communicating the results of his or her experience to the next generation, in order to enlighten others and pass on to them the lessons that will help them to make their own way even more effectively. This reflection focuses on one of the most important aspects of life as it was lived by the majority of Tlemcen families, both before and after the 2nd World War, especially in a traditional town like Tlemcen. The testimonies that follow are therefore truly authentic, and those who actually lived through them can only testify to this in their turn.

In this study, we investigated the epidemiological and anatomopathological aspects of bronchopulmonary cancers in the Anatomie et Cytologie Pathologique department of the CHU du point G over a 5-year period from January 2014 to December 2018. Patient data were collected from the results of anatomopathological reports available in the department. The results show that: The pathology is fairly frequent, as it is found in 14.08% of all bronchopulmonary specimens. Males are the most affected. The pathology is more frequent in patients in the 61-70 age bracket. Housewives and pensioners were the most common socio-professional categories. Specimens very often came from the G-spot university hospital. Biopsy was the most frequent type of bronchopulmonary sampling. Adenocarcinoma was the most frequent histological type. The disease had a high mortality rate, estimated at 74% over the study period.

Human beings are themselves organic micro-ecosystems integrated into the macro-ecosystem of nature, from which they draw what they need for their subsistence and health security. The great medical practices of Egypt, Mesopotamia, ancient Greece and the Roman Empire bear eloquent testimony to this. This work on the medicinal virtues of plants is in three parts: a phytomedical study of ten plants, a morphological and botanical study of the plants and the outline of a phytomedical lexicon. The plant names are in Latin, modern languages, Creole and African and Asian languages.

The new ways of producing, materializing and circulating texts, especially since the advent of print culture, around the 18th century, in the middle phase of industrialization, brought significant transformations to writing practices, making them much more complex. As a result, there was also a considerable change in the profile of literate subjects in the face of the new role of reading and writing. In this work, the writing and reading experiences of the students investigated are compared with the school writing activities they carry out in the classroom, taking into account the writing genres that make up these discursive domains, the so-called digital multilearning, and the attitude they reveal about their performance as readers and writers of academic texts.