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The PIS tax is considered by the majority doctrine as a contribution due to Social Security. There was judicial discussion about the real legal nature of this tax, as well as about the legitimacy of its collection from social assistance entities, since they should enjoy the immunity provided for in § 7 of article 195 of the Federal Constitution. The present study through doctrinal and jurisprudential analysis comes to ascertain what would be the real legal nature of the tax and what is the nature of the regulatory standard of the requirements for the enjoyment of such immunity. The survey shows that the PIS is a tax due to social security, since, at present, its purpose is to collect unemployment insurance and salary allowance, elements of social security. It was also proven that the Federal Supreme Court understands that both ordinary law and complementary law can be used to configure the requirements to be met by social assistance entities to enjoy such constitutional benefit.

Literacy is certainly a stage of human learning that includes different aspects, both with regard to psychological development and the cognitive abilities of the subject, which corresponds to a stage of constant discoveries and challenges. This theme becomes more complex when one has in view the public of autistic children, who present peculiarities that go against the literacy process of a typical child. The present work has as general objective to understand how the literacy process of children with autism takes place and as specific objectives: to analyse the methods that are used in the literacy of autistic children; investigate what resources and activities can be used to favour the literacy of autistic children; verify what challenges are present in the literacy work of autistic children. The relevance of this work lies in the possibility of providing people interested in the subject developed answers to questions about the theme and expand theoretical formulations in this regard.

In this book, we present the results of an investigation in which we discuss what becomes a critical citizen within the Science, Technology and Society (STS) axis in union with the History and Philosophy of Science (HFC). The HFC in conjunction with CTS can contribute to promoting interdisciplinary and reflective teaching in science in school environments. It is essential to train students who have the cognitive skills necessary to make them active agents in society. It is therefore essential to discuss how scientific knowledge is constructed in order to address current issues in society, such as the consequences of human interference in nature.

The lower Ouémé valley is exposed to rain erosion due to the physical structure of the soils and the disappearance of natural vegetation cover as a result of high population density. This thesis aims to deepen our knowledge of the influence of land use and occupation dynamics on the manifestations of rain erosion. Monthly rainfall data from 1965 to 2014 facilitated the determination of the rainfall aggressiveness index in the lower Ouémé valley. Surfer 11.0 software was used to map rainfall aggressivity in the study area. Geometric and morphometric parameters of the lower Ouémé valley were calculated to assess the erodibility of the land, and particle transits were evaluated using erosion stakes and sediment traps. New strategies adapted to the morphological characteristics of the lower Ouémé valley are proposed.

Today's users demand high-performance embedded systems capable of delivering high computing power. The evolution of embedded systems poses a design challenge, as these systems have to find a compromise between their capabilities (computing power, dynamism) and the constraints of embedded systems (silicon area, power consumption). The solution to the computing power problem is to switch to multiprocessor systems (MPSoCs). In addition, networks-on-a-chip (NOCs) have emerged to cope with inter-communication limitations such as bus, hierarchical bus and point-to-point. Network-on-Chip (NoC)-based interconnection infrastructure is becoming the preferred approach for facilitating communication between processing elements (PEs) in MPSoCs. It is more efficient to integrate several small specialized or non-specialized processors interconnected by a network-on-chip (NoC) whose energy and silicon efficiency are better than increasing the performance of a single processor. The aim of this work is to provide an overview of architectural exploration on NoCs.

Metaphor has been the subject of interest in a wide range of disciplines such as Philosophy, Logic, Rhetoric, Semantics, Linguistics, since centuries past. In the Aristotelian tradition, metaphor was confined to the rhetorical and literary sphere and was understood as a process of transfer by which the name of one thing is assigned to another (Aristotle, 1959). However, with the advent of the cognitive sciences in the last decade of the 20th century, this phenomenon attracted renewed interest, as it was interpreted not as a mere rhetorical device of the poetic imagination, but as a cognitive mechanism that permeates everyday communicative interactions (Lakoff & Johnson, 1980). In the context of the latter discipline, the Cognitive Theory of Conceptual Metaphor was formulated (Lakoff & Johnson, 1980; 1999; Lakoff, 1987; Rivano, 1997).

ART THERAPY AS AN OBJECT OF THERAPEUTIC LISTENING WITH THE MOTHERS OF CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIES IN APAE AND AEE This work emerged from the strong influence that we perceive mothers exert in the school context and development of students with disabilities. We live in a community and there are several demands of the subject as a sociable being, including the family environment. Although there are several attributions of each member of a family group, studies commonly reveal that the mother has greater responsibility and tasks, increasing this responsibility when it comes to children with disabilities. Seeking an exchange of experiences, moments of creation and reflection with the mothers of children with disabilities of the Association of Parents and Friends of the Exceptional of Lages-SC (APAE), the Art Therapy Group was started in 2015, with the purpose of answering the question: Art Therapy and Therapeutic Listening help in the confrontations / adjustments of families in the face of disability in the lives of mothers participating in the Group of mothers of APAE students and the AEE of EMEB Izidoro Marin of Lages-SC.

In the present research study, an analysis is made of aggression between inmates as an excessive and informal punishment, for those who enter the prison to wait for a criminal process or to serve a sentence, respond to violence with their own violence due to distrust in the coherence of the internal structures of the agents of social control and in the rejection of those who subject them to it. The conditions that facilitate aggression between inmates are identified through the definition of the mechanisms that justify it, examining the responsibilities of those responsible for the exercise of authority and the effects under which aggressive behaviour between inmates is translated; through the explanation and description of facts taken from the behaviour assumed by the inmates in order to analyse a reality that goes unnoticed by the entities involved.

A scientific revolution is underway in life sciences, medicine and artificial intelligence. And humanity is currently in transition from a matter/energy logic to an information/cognition logic. This book discusses these concepts within the framework of a new theory that the author has called cognodynamics. In fact, this transition can only be successfully completed through a qualitative approach to information/cognition. In other words, what's needed is a scientific revolution comparable, but in the opposite direction, to Galileo's revolution in "physical science", which is a quantitative approach to the movement of matter. Excessive specialization in medicine is a dogma in our time, yet we see that the most important advances are the fruit of interdisciplinary research. The same applies to research in the fields of "life sciences". Above all, it's about appealing to scientists, asking them to become aware of the limits of analytical procedures, and inviting them to adopt a more holistic, synthetic conception of the phenomena they study. This book is aimed at readers with an interest in scientific culture.

The author describes the main characteristics of the economies of the USSR and Russia in the post-1950 period both at the macro level and in individual sectors. The theoretical framework of his study covers, in addition to the works of the classics of Marxism-Leninism, primarily neoclassical and endogenous models of economic growth. The central role of the mechanism of technical progress in economic growth and the accumulation of physical and human capital is emphasized. Special attention is paid to key issues of economic policy and Soviet-American rivalry. The monograph is intended for a wide range of readers interested in political economy, economic theory and practice.

In the course of history, man has managed to develop the different manifestations and processes in which he is involved, he has promoted science, technology and art, and he has made life more pleasant by developing himself. In our country there has been a quantitative leap that tends towards the qualitative in the different spheres of human knowledge, socialising and humanising work in all productive and service spheres. Education has a great responsibility to maintain and develop these achievements, especially Technical and Vocational Education, which is responsible for training new generations that are increasingly competent to face the challenges of the future in the productive and service sectors. The paper presents concepts, definitions and points of view used in Cuba for training by labour competences and emphasises the need to determine the professional skills in their training order, as well as the most relevant values of the speciality of Agronomy.

Many people are very rich. They dominate this world and influence its course. They are revered and celebrated. Yet they are lonely and unhappy. They don't know happiness because they're far from God and His laws, which they trample all day long. I inform them that it is God's laws and the Blood of Jesus that liberates and saves. That's why he ordered me to write this book, to free his children who are chained by the spirits of darkness. He has chosen 33 commandments with 33 prayers of deliverance to be carried out over 33 days. Côte d'Ivoire is in God's heart and plan. "These are the same children of Jacob who are in Israel who find themselves in Côte d'Ivoire. It is the center of the earth, which is why it is home to many foreigners. It's the only Square and Cubic country in the World", he told me. Take an atlas with time zones and you'll see where Côte d'Ivoire is in the world. Above all, it is the spiritual center of this World, as it is the "New Jerusalem" spoken of by St. John in the Bible's Book of Revelation. Both have the same surface area. Read on and you'll understand.

In this compilation, selected topics, works and authors are dealt with that are tangential to philosophical and/or ethical theory and fields of action. There are discussions of Aristotle ("Nicomachean Ethics"), David Hume ("An Inquiry into the Principles of Morality"), John Stuart Mill ("Utilitarianism), moral contractualism (Thomas Hobbes, David Gauthier, Peter Stemmer), Richard Dawkins ("The Selfish Gene"), Ernst Mayr ("Cause and Effect in Biology"), Paul Ekman ("Are Forms of Emotional Expression Universal?"), René Descartes ("Meditations on the Foundations of Philosophy"), and Buddhism.

This research has addressed the emergence of digital marketing in the Chilean advertising scene. The study addresses the strengths and weaknesses of its use, evaluating the state of digital work in national agencies. At the same time, it describes the importance of digital tools in establishing a more direct and vertical communication with clients. After analysing the data, it is concluded that the growth of digital marketing will manage to position itself in the work of advertisers without generating a break or autonomy from traditional tools.

The aim of our work is to identify and understand the problems affecting HIV/AIDS care in Côte d'Ivoire. To achieve this objective, we conducted a survey from August to December 2004 involving 284 patients, 190 at SMIT and 94 at CIRBA. The thesis reveals that the medical dimension alone cannot satisfy HIV carriers; consequently, it shows that the social, cultural and psychological dimensions of care are indispensable for the good health of HIV carriers. In this way, the problem of PLHIV is posed at two levels: 1) the nature of therapists' management of the disease, and 2) the quality of relations between PLHIV and society as a whole. Ultimately, this thesis is a recommendation for a comprehensive, non-sectarian response to the issue of HIV/AIDS in Côte d'Ivoire.

"Strategies of power in the actor-dancer's body" offers a study of the preparation made by actor-dancers in order to be able to approach the stage. To specify in some way the moments prior to the actor's presence on stage involves analysing the stages that an actor or group of actors go through in order to gain the stage, and it is therefore necessary to acquire the principle of the resultant of the different approaches to the actor's training. Strategies of power in the body of the actor-dancer goes into recognising the different methodologies to which actors and dancers have access in order to undertake the experience in the performing arts, configuring a theme in which the body is the support of practice, unique, its own and unrepeatable. Without falling into the excessively technical or the superficially spontaneous, these pages lead us to study, interpret and support the different sensory-expressive nooks and crannies of the actor-dancer.

Hip-hop, as well as rap, consists of a cultural strand whose main objective, dealing more specifically with musical productions, is social and political denunciation, which has the role of raising awareness and critical training of subjects, especially those who inhabit the peripheries. The concern that justified the realisation of this research arose in the observation of the need for a deepening in studies related to ideology in texts by teachers of basic education, given that, in today's society, it is necessary to have subjects with the necessary criticality to perceive power relations, not becoming just an alienated subject, led by the media. Another factor that contributed to this investigation was the need to insert texts marginalised by society in classroom studies, because, when used, they privilege only aspects of normative grammar, thus excluding ideological aspects. This work will be of interest to Portuguese language professionals and language students who are interested in the study of ideology in texts such as this, which are little explored in the classroom.

The history of societies has always been the history of the violent events that have marked them. In this way, the 20th century can be read through the First and Second World Wars, and less visibly through colonization and the wars of independence. From this point of view, Africa's recent history is the expression of several decades of violence, of which the Rwandan genocide is the most extreme. For Colette Breackman, "The genocide in Rwanda represents, not only in Central Africa, but for humanity as a whole, one of the defining events of the late twentieth century". For Rwanda, which is at the heart of our reflection, violence is one of the founding principles of its political, social and cultural history. Writing is thus a trace, a memory of history. However, history seems to be opposed to literary writing. For it is generally said that literary works contain little that is opposed to reality, but rather the imaginary, or even simulation. This approach to the literary text is now somewhat shaken, if we include witnesses.

We offer this book to those who want to know the main theories of Psychoanalysis through an easy and didactic reading. To this end, the text was divided into three parts that portray the nuances that involve the life, the clinic and the construction of the psychoanalytic theory established by Sigmund Freud in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. However, before pretending to satisfy the reader with ready-made formulas, this writing, in fact, intends to encourage him to seek to read and get to know the rich Freudian work and, starting from it, navigate the dense, curious and deep sea of the waters of psychoanalysis that over time, and not by chance, has gained other disciples, scholars, theorists and analysts around the world.

The purpose of this research was to present the results of group work with adolescent offenders who were fulfilling a socio-educational measure in the open environment of assisted freedom, using methods of psychodrama theory. This, whose founder was Jacob Levy Moreno, acts in the perspective of action and research through the acting technique, in which the subject trains the role, relives and recreates his dramas, as well as his internal and external conflicts. This technique enables the elaboration of new responses to old situations, as well as new situations, allowing the subject, through his spontaneity, to access his emotions, thoughts playing healthy roles. In this sense, group work provides the subject, through the other, to recognise and understand himself and the other, through the performance and inversion of roles, as part of a social atom providing the encounter and strengthening of creative expression and gradual transformation of the subject and the group.

The aim of this book is to analyze the various processes involved in expatriation, from selecting expatriates to managing their return. The aim is to outline the human resources techniques in use today, and to highlight areas for improvement. In order to provide a more precise analysis of the Franco-American situation and the issues involved in managing their economic collaboration, which are at the heart of this dissertation, we will recall the importance of the ties uniting these two countries, before highlighting their sources of intercultural incomprehension. The case study of a Franco-American merger will provide concrete examples of human resources techniques that can be employed to facilitate employee adaptation to a bicultural environment. Finally, we will attempt to suggest ways of improving the management of expatriates between France and the United States, which could lead to better operation of the firms concerned by this issue, and to a strengthening of intercultural exchanges between these two countries.

Analgesic management of anterior cruciate ligament surgery requires multi-modal analgesia. The aim of the study was to evaluate three types of analgesic techniques in terms of efficacy, postoperative rehabilitation and the nature and frequency of incidents. This prospective study included patients scheduled for anterior cruciate ligament surgery, randomized into three groups: systemic multimodal analgesia (SA), femoral peri-nerve analgesia (FNA) and intra-articular analgesia (IAA). Numerical scale (EN) and morphine consumption, as well as an integration score for the two parameters (SIA score) were assessed from H2 to D5 postoperatively. 165 patients were included. Analgesia was better in the AF group. The occurrence of signs of post-procedural discomfort and patient satisfaction were comparable in the three groups.Conclusion: Our work demonstrated the superiority of continuous femoral peri-nerve analgesia over the other two techniques for anterior cruciate ligamentoplasty of the knee.

The reception or interpretation of Don Quixote up to the present has been erroneous, although it would be fairer to say nonsensical, because it has been inserted into a framework of idealistic thought that was imposed in Spain from the seventeenth century onwards, homologating itself to the European one. Thus it also turns out that this book not only exposes the obvious and easily identifiable meaning of Cervantes' novel but, at the same time, tries to show the reader what realism is, mainly the Spanish realism of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, which, as Dámaso Alonso has already seen, is not identified with the so-called European realist novel of the nineteenth century. If we had to say, however, who this realism resembles, we would surely have no better reference than the so-called Realist School in International Relations. So we dedicate the exemplarity that Cervantes gives us to it.

This manual is designed to guide medical-kinesthetic care on the field, without interfering with the regulations of each discipline and thus not harming the athlete. It is a text guide for both students and professionals who work in this beautiful area that is sports medicine. It covers individual, collective and contact sports, which are a professional niche of great interest for kinesiologists, physiotherapists and sports doctors.

On the occasion of the commemoration of the World Heritage Cities Solidarity Day, the Société Civile Immobilière en Afrique Centrale, SCIAC Sarl. adopted, on September 9, 2017 in Kashusha, Observer Member City of the Organization of World Heritage Cities (OWHC), its strategic Vision of real estate development focused on the economic, social and environmental development of the African region, entitled "HABITAT POUR TOUS". Subscribers to this Vision form a large, competitive, attractive, supportive and responsible community. This Vision affirms how the community sees its future, and outlines what the districts targeted by the high-density affordable housing project could become by 2023, if the necessary efforts are made. This Vision enables the community's planning tools to be directed towards common, coherent objectives. The interventions of SCIAC Sarl., Société Civile Immobilière en Afrique Centrale, in the construction of affordable and high-density housing stem directly from the "HOUSING FOR ALL" Vision.

Like many other countries, the Beninese state owns a sizeable portfolio of public companies. It has also acquired stakes in the capital of various private companies and sub-regional, regional and international entities. To manage this portfolio of holdings, the Direction Générale des Participations de l'État (DGPED) was created in 2016, with the principal mission of embodying the State as shareholder through the financial supervision of public companies and the management of State holdings. However, after five years of existence of this structure, can it really be said that the State ensures efficient and responsible management of its portfolio? The search for an answer to this question led us to take an interest in the activities of the DGPED, and to carry out a study on optimizing the monitoring of the Beninese government's portfolio of public enterprises and shareholdings. The study revealed a number of shortcomings that reflect the unsatisfactory monitoring of the State's portfolio. The aim of our study is to identify these shortcomings and propose solutions.

The present work aims to study the history of homosexual organisation in Juiz de Fora, with the objective of understanding whether there have been and what were the main changes that occurred in relation to the rupture of prejudices and socio-cultural stigmas in the field of homosexuality, from the perspective of the organisers of the Miss Gay Brazil pageant and their main collaborators, throughout the twenty-three years of history from the first Miss Gay Brazil to the formation of the MGM - Gay Movement of Minas Gerais. The pageant shed light on how homosexuals in Juiz de Fora mobilised against homophobia and created a serious and responsible political agenda that, whether it advanced a lot or a little, unlocked the doors and moved forward with feet ready to walk a long, difficult and immensely exciting path, since it speaks of life, freedom and dreams.

Heart failure is characterized, from a functional point of view, as a pathology that causes limitations in the performance of activities of daily living and consequent loss of functional and instrumental autonomy, due to its classic symptoms such as dyspnea, edema, easy fatigue and intolerance to activity. This symptomatology leads to the patient becoming progressively dependent and seeking inactivity as a way to preserve energy and avoid symptoms.It is now known that physical exercise is beneficial and safe when applied according to the characteristics of the patient and their clinical condition, even in the stabilization phase of the acute phase of their pathology.The objectives of this study were to identify the variables that promote a better response to physical exercise in patients in the acute phase and to determine whether structured and supervised physical exercise in the acute phase allows patients to improve their resistance to exercise and consequently improve their physical condition and performance in activities of daily living.

Charging for water use has been implemented very slowly in most Brazilian river basins, even though it is supported by Law No. 9,433/97. Thus, the Piancó-Piranhas-Açu river basin does not yet charge, so this study proposes to analyse which model(s) of charging for the use of existing raw water can be adopted in the region of the upper course of the Piranhas river. Through a survey of the water licences issued in the study region as well as through the website of the Executive Agency for Water Management of the state of Paraíba, a diagnosis of the licences issued was prepared, identifying those that could be charged. Subsequently, the models adopted in the state of Ceará; in the Paraíba do Sul basin; in the Piracicaba, Capivari and Jundiaí river basin; in the São Francisco river as well as the one proposed for the state of Paraíba were analysed. These models were implemented satisfactorily, so much so that the methodologies are consolidated and accepted to this day.

The application of internal coating with plaster paste is an executive method widely used outside the country. With the constant technological variation and the need to reduce steps and execution time of activities, this coating has been gaining more and more space in the national scenario. Thus, this work aims to evaluate the use of this type of coating, analyzing its physical properties (tensile adhesion strength) when the thicknesses of the applied layers vary by 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 cm. The results showed that the coating, especially in the thickness of 1.5 cm, did not meet the minimum resistance established by NBR 13749. Material and labor aspects were also surveyed in real situations of use through the application of questionnaires in eight companies. It was found that the use of internal coating with gypsum paste still needs greater adaptation by traders and a greater supply of qualified labor to be able to compete effectively with traditional mortar coatings.