Bücher veröffentlicht von Our Knowledge Publishing

In this book you will find the breakdown of steps to prepare the protocol or scientific research project contextualized in an area of the city of Managua through a case experience on the elaboration of Rosemary shampoo by artisanal means. This document is based on the analysis and revision of the document, aimed at a process of experimentation based on a controlled observation of variables. Through this project it will be possible to know better the techniques and purely scientific procedures with an approach directed to the family economy, and health in a population group of people with age ranges between 35 to 60 years old.

Our work in this volume attempts to discover the significance of iconic, linguistic and plastic signs as advertising messages on the posters of the telecommunications company Vodacom Congo. Knowing that every advertising message is not innocent, it is conceived and emitted for a very specific purpose: to provoke some kind of well-studied reaction in the target (consumers, receivers). We used the semio-pragmatic method to analyze our corpus.

This work is not based on an intellectual approach to existence, but rather on a holistic vision of the world and reality, as well as an inner revelation to understand humanity's consciousness and its fundamental active principle through our senses and suffering. It deals mainly with philosophical and spiritual themes, developing the importance of wisdom and intelligence through self-knowledge, seeing and feeling, observing reality as it is, space, silence and the illusion generated by our mind, contemplating through it the expression of duality. It delves into the nature and functioning of thought and psychological time, as well as all the fears responsible for the multiple damage they cause within the mind, in the behavioral, emotional and physiological realms of the individual as well as in society as a whole. This is a practical book, a philosophical essay and a spiritual testimony for all those who aspire to true knowledge.

Silos are essential structures for maintaining the quality of agricultural products used by the industrial, agricultural and mineral sectors, such as grains, seeds and other agricultural inputs. The determination of the physical and mechanical characteristics of the goods to be stored is necessary for the correct silo design and dimensioning, because these characteristics affect the type of flow, as well as the intensity and distribution of stresses in the structure. Therefore, when planning or changing a loading and unloading system, product characterization should be one of the first steps.This material is a guide for sizing a grain storage unit, with all the necessary calculations.

Oscar MPOYI, has been an educator since 2004 at the Service d'accueil et d'aide éducative SAAE, a residential facility for young people placed under court order. His job is to provide day-to-day care for minors in difficulty, helping them to become responsible, fulfilled and autonomous beings. Ensuring their safety and structuring their lives. He also acts as a mediator between these young people and their families, helping them to reintegrate into the family unit if possible. He currently works as a social worker at the Centre de crise et d'accompagnement non-mandaté for adolescents. He holds a bachelor's degree in social work from Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium, and is a youth counsellor (from the Centre d'entraînement aux méthodes d'éducation active, CEMEA). He is recognized by the French community of Belgium as a coordinator of vacation centers for young people and a member of the qualified nursing staff. A year's specialization in Ethnopsy as a psychosocial worker with migrant populations at the Namur Provincial Campus. He is currently preparing his master's degree in engineering and social action at Louvain-la-Neuve.

The limitations and difficulties of the sugar economy were fundamentally outlined, developing in consonance with the growth of sugar production, which at the end of the first decade of the 19th century, approached two million tons. Given the previous needs, there were a large number of sugar mills that had difficulties in maintaining enough cash to finance their production. The railroad brought about a socioeconomic development in the province of Camagüey and in the sugar industry in general, a railroad network was formed that originated the development of private lines with the objective of transporting sugar cane and sugar to the ports of shipment. In the eastern territory, the United Fruit Company began efforts to hire cheap labor due to the lack of labor force. Tens of thousands of Antilleans began to populate the Camagüey and eastern fields, they were the first to enter their virgin lands to cultivate sugar cane, which was the main economic activity under the imperialist command.

The study looks at the thorny issue of the right of victims of serious violations of international humanitarian law to obtain compensation for the damage they have suffered. The author examines the applicable legal regime and notes the trend towards greater protection for the individual and his or her right to obtain compensation for damages. Taking a normativist approach, the author examines the legal basis of this individual right, the different forms of reparation, the responsibility to make reparation and the various possible remedies available to victims before both national and international courts. In the more practical approach, on the other hand, based on a study of the case law and practices of certain States, the author attempts to assess the chances of success of these victims' appeals before the judicial authorities in the light of the obstacles that litter their path in the quest for fair and equitable reparation.

The aim of this study is to carry out a socio-technical analysis of market garden producers in the commune of Kisangani. We chose this subject for a number of reasons, including its relevance, its agro-economic importance and its necessity in the fight against poverty. To achieve this objective, we used a purposive survey method, interviewing 30 market-gardening households. In the absence of a large number of market gardeners, the size of the study population was limited to 30 in order to give a scientific meaning to the work. The exhaustive analysis of the data collected in the study area led to the following results: 70% of respondents had never received or benefited from any training in market gardening during their activity, compared with 30% of those who had. Around 27% of respondents' primary occupation was petty trading, with market gardening in second place at 23.3%, followed by civil servants at 16.7%. 31.03% of respondents experience theft, stray animals and pests as major difficulties.

Through our research, we have described a comparative analysis of the education of girls compared with boys and the various examples illustrate a socialisation that enshrines violent masculinity in Burundi. The gender differences resulting from socialisation justify the proliferation of gender-based violence in Burundi, including domestic violence, which has been the subject of analysis throughout our research. Indeed, as our study has highlighted, the patriarchal system in force in Burundi reproduces male domination in a socio-cultural context in which women and girls are the most disadvantaged by gender roles. Awareness of the consequences of discrimination against women on the part of various national and international players has prompted them to carry out an in-depth analysis of approaches that would yield rapid results in terms of protecting women's rights. Men have thus become targeted as key players in the fight against gender-based violence, including domestic violence.

Traditional chieftaincies are tools of transmission between central power and the local population, because they have faced up to modernity and developed survival strategies from the period of colonisation to the present day, including the period of democratisation in Africa since 1990. From this perspective, the Bamoun kingdom is now considered to be one of the most authentic traditional structures to have endured and preserved its traditions and customs while adapting to modernity. Our work requires us to show as we go along the transformations undergone by the Bamoun kingdom from the political, economic and social points of view, and it is on this basis that it has been constructed in two parts totalling 137 pages. The first part is entitled "Un royaume adossé à la survivance des traditions" ("A kingdom based on the survival of traditions") and the second part is entitled "Un royaume stratégiquement réceptif au modernisme" ("A kingdom strategically receptive to modernism").

Modern language teaching/learning methodologies have long been inspired by the teaching of dead languages (Greco-Latin) based on the grammar-translation pair. Over time, however, they have broken away from this primary heritage, to the extent that nowadays the teaching of grammar and literature has been sidelined, if not virtually reduced to the bare minimum. The learning of foreign languages is now essentially aimed at the communicative function. In such a context, can literature still be taught in language classes in general, and in French as a foreign language (FLE) in particular? If so, in what ways? How can we envisage a didactic approach to literature in FLE? These and other questions are at the heart of this work. Trainers of foreign language and FLE teachers, as well as foreign language learners, will find in this book many answers to their concerns, as well as practical resources that can facilitate the process of teaching/learning foreign languages.

A highly influential player on the international stage, the Holy See is a diplomatic power to be reckoned with. The Holy See's apostolic interests in the DRC are more important than its political interests. Vatican diplomacy is apparently neutral in the face of the antagonistic relationship between the local Catholic Church and Congolese political power. This is in line with the principles of non-interference and respect for state sovereignty that guide diplomatic relations between states, but also and very much in line with Church doctrine. All in all, diplomatic relations between the Holy See and the DRC have been influenced by the tug-of-war that characterizes the Congolese episcopate's antagonistic relationship with political power.

This book tackles the problem of financing small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), whose development is hampered by their difficult access to finance, especially in sub-Saharan African countries. The main objective is to explore the ethical foundations of Islamic finance as a solution to the problem of SME financing. Islamic finance, which draws its foundations from Islamic Sharia law through Fiqh Mouammalat, is in fact a practice whose history dates back to the 7th century with the advent of Islam. However, the application of Islamic finance principles by financial institutions dates back to the 1970s. The study of the principles and main methods of Islamic financing in this thesis has enabled us to identify the comparative advantages of Islamic finance in promoting access to financing for SMEs, compared with the conventional financial system. Still little-known by the general public and even by financial players in many countries, a number of challenges remain to be met if Islamic finance is to develop in the interests of financial inclusion for SMEs and other vulnerable populations.

In an increasingly competitive labour market, more and more ways are being sought to "stimulate" employee motivation, a variable emphasised in studies on organisational behaviour. Companies have been investing more and more in non-monetary incentives, which leads us to a question. Is money currently the main motivating factor in the workplace?

This book is the result of a Master's dissertation in Accounting. Its main theme is the use and importance of accounting information in decision making. The book addresses accounting as an information system known as CIS, thus demonstrating the importance of this system in the decision-making process of its users. The authors bring a research about the use and importance of the accounting information in the decision making process of medium size companies in the metropolitan region of Recife. This work can be used in undergraduate and postgraduate courses, in order to demonstrate theoretical knowledge allied to practice through research.

This paper analyses the degree of cultural entrepreneurship at the Museu do Cangaço of Serra Talhada-PE, created and maintained by the Fundação Cultural Cabras de Lampião; discusses concepts such as culture, cultural production, cultural policy, folklore, museum, entrepreneurship, economy of culture, creative economy, local sustainable development; presents the current market possibilities in the museological field, both from an economic and social point of view. A Case Study is made regarding the social, artistic, cultural and economic aspects of the Museum, characterising it by its actions aimed at Sustainability and Development. The methodology applied was based on the use of questionnaires, interviews and bibliographical and documentary consultations. With this, it was obtained the result that the Museu do Cangaço has a high degree of cultural entrepreneurship, occupying a prominent place in the market in which it is inserted, due to its innovative and revolutionary characteristics within the context in which it is inserted.

The cultivar Tifton 85 is an interspecific hybrid (Cynodon spp.), which stands out for its high production of dry mass and high nutritional quality, provided that it is well managed and fertilized. The application of animal waste is a way to reduce production costs. Liquid swine manure contains nutrients that contribute to reducing the use of mineral fertilizers and has become an alternative in the fertilization of pastures in order to minimize the impacts generated by its disposal in the environment. Knowing the extractive and productive capacity of crops contributes to the conscious use of waste in agriculture.

Knowing how to look after a horse means performing essential gestures efficiently and calmly, without risking an accident. A seemingly trivial gesture can have far-reaching consequences, both in terms of its effectiveness and the risks involved. On the other hand, among all threatened species, primates occupy a prominent place, with the majority of species in this order considered to be in danger of extinction. Thus, keeping primate specimens in captivity in zoos is justified, among other reasons, by the importance of their preservation. The particularly advanced abilities of primates, and their close proximity to man, make their maintenance in captivity even more delicate than that of other wild species, and the environment in which they evolve has a predominant impact on their quality of life and well-being, as well as on their reproduction, which is obviously essential for their preservation. Wounds are also very common in veterinary medicine. The veterinarian must adapt his therapeutic attitude according to the nature of the wound, its contamination and the extent of the loss of substance.

This work relates to the Occupation of the Public Maritime Domain in all the States of the world, particularly in Senegal. Occupation of the Public Maritime Domain has become commonplace in every country in the world. That's why I felt it necessary to deal with this theme, while drawing on national and international laws to preserve national and international heritage.

Savannahs are important reservoirs of biodiversity, playing an ecological and socio-economic role worldwide. The aim of this work is to characterize plant communities in relation to the functional traits of species in the steppe savannah of the Kasapa farm. To this end, a floristic inventory was carried out using Braun Blanquet's abundance-coverage method, in order to record floristic diversity and analyze plant communities. A total of 21 species were collected for analysis and measurement of functional traits. The results showed that specific frequency varies from one species to another. A total of 51 species were inventoried, the most frequent being Themeda triandra; Imperata cylindrica; Cyperus rotundus and Eriosema psoraleoides, with specific frequencies ranging from 41 to 88%. Hierarchical classification identified four groups representing plant communities. Taking into account the Indval value of each species, indicator species for each community were identified.

The Democratic Republic of Congo is a country with enormous wealth in its soil and subsoil. Despite this potential, it is still one of the poorest countries in the world, unable to ensure the well-being of its population. In addition to this sad reality, there is a category of people who are very much affected by the extractive industry. These are women and children. Women, who are less represented in this sector, have no say in the debate on the management of natural resources. Yet they are among the first victims of the problems surrounding the exploitation of natural resources in the DRC. Faced with this sad reality, the Ministry of Gender, Family and Children and other development partners have decided to work to change the situation of these women. The first step is to identify all the women lurking around mining sites so that prompt action can be taken. With the support of the World Bank, a working group will be set up. The task of this group will be to supervise these women and support them in their own development.

Girls dropping out of school is a reality in Mali. Most girls at school do not appreciate the importance of studying. They do not seem to understand that school education is a means of achieving equality, justice and individual and social development. The aim of this study is to identify and understand the causes of girls dropping out of secondary school, to measure the extent of this dropout, to find out how school stakeholders perceive this phenomenon and to suggest ways of keeping girls in school. In Mali, positive measures have been taken by the government, such as keeping girls pregnant and postponing them at their own request so that they can finish secondary school and go on to university. Despite these positive discriminatory measures in favour of girls in the Malian education system, the situation is hardly improving in the desired direction. The aim is to ensure that girls who are sent to secondary school can go on to higher education, so as to ensure that women are represented in decision-making bodies.

The optimal use of optical and radar images is a major topic of interest in remote sensing. The main objective of this study is to explore the potential of optical-radar fusion for lithostructural mapping of the Precambrian basement of West Africa. The spatial resolution of the Radarsat band (50 m) is refined to 15 m by wavelet fusion with the panchromatic channel, before multi-resolution analysis and wavelet fusion with Landsat 7 bands ETM+ 1-5 and 7. The result is a multispectral optical-radar image of simulated high spatial resolution (OR). The visual interpretation of products derived from specific thematic processing applied to the images has enabled us to draw up a lithostructural sketch of the Precambrian basement. This highlights the major geological units, corridors and faults characteristic of the main fracturing directions in the region.

Meditation on the work of Martin Heidegger reveals unambiguously that this philosopher's thought is centred on being as Open. This observation cannot fail to raise questions about the possibility of a fundamental anthropology inspired by fundamental ontology and whose aim is to remedy the inadequacy of ancient and Christian anthropology denounced by Heidegger in his main work Sein und Zeit (Being and Time). What is the truth of man? This is the essential question that this book attempts to answer. Heidegger, starting from the question "what is being?" implicitly contained in the guiding question "why is there being and not rather nothing?", aims no less at the truth of man, insofar as it is in the openness of being that fundamental anthropology reaches its full meaning.

This research attempts to shed light on the teaching of French as a foreign language and the target culture through an intercultural approach, where the learner will be confronted with values and references different from his own. Our objectives are twofold: at the level of teachers, they consist in studying the supposed link between intercultural competence and the profitability of the didactic and pedagogical act. As for learners, our aim is to help them understand and admit that their interlocutors do not function according to the same socio-cultural references, in order to improve their adaptation and adaptability skills, overcome the constraints of diversity and spread a spirit of understanding, peace and complementarity.

Sickle cell anaemia remains a highly debilitating and fatal disease, and is still poorly understood and sometimes ignored by the Congolese population. It is an acute and even chronic long-term problem, with major socio-economic consequences including poverty and conflict at both family and community level. This high level of pressure undermines family solidarity and social organisation as a whole. In our study, however, we sought to work with the parents of families affected by the disease, living in the outskirts of Kinshasa, supported by an NGO called FOYAN, which has set itself the task of raising awareness among these families about how best to care for their children with sickle cell disease. The study showed that if parents are well informed about the disease, they accept their sick children and go above and beyond the call of duty, despite their meagre means, to care for their sick children. There have also been no cases of divorce or abandonment of families by fathers, except that the problem lies mainly with matrilineal families.

The subject of the present work consists of the application of a didactic proposal of learning by discovery in a constructivist context about the multiplication tables, with the aim of exploring and describing the way in which the student approaches and develops knowledge about the multiplication tables, and at the same time to find out if the strategy provides a better learning opportunity than the one traditionally used by teachers. A learning proposal was constructed for its application and its results were measured by means of a post-test, the filming of videos and the analysis of the comments and solutions to problems generated by the students. The research sample consisted of 28 students from the second grade group, section "B". The results of the pilot test (2008-2009) are presented, as well as those of the application group and subsequent research (2010-2011) carried out based on the interest of the data obtained.

The present paper is an experimental study on the topic of "The Relationship between Explicit and Implicit Morpho-Syntactic Knowledge in Daf Learners: An Investigation Using the Example of the Use of Subject-Verb Congruence". This study investigates whether learners of German as a foreign language use their explicit linguistic knowledge where they are supposed to use it. This study focuses on three main questions. In order to find answers to these questions, 42 level 3 students of the German Department of the University of Yaoundé I took two different tests: one to assess their explicit knowledge and another to test their ability to use their explicit knowledge of subject-verb congruence. The results of the analyses seem to be partially consistent with the hypotheses formulated at the beginning of the study. They also show no relationship between explicit and implicit knowledge of subject-verb congruence in these students.

Etymologically, migration comes from the Latin word "migratio", meaning passage from one place to another. Several authors have defined the concept from different angles. Specifically, migration is a movement that takes space and time into account. In the study of the concept of migration, three schools of thought come together: neo-liberal thought, defining the seven laws of migration, neo-Marxist thought with a dualist approach, and neo-classical thought with probabilistic thinking. In general, migration is classified according to three distinct criteria: temporality, spatiality and motivation. The study of migration requires a methodology to apprehend this phenomenon. A dynamic approach takes into account the evolution of the phenomenon through estimates and confrontation with censuses. However, despite these methods, migration data is difficult to obtain and has its limitations. The study of migration in Madagascar is based partly on oral traditions and partly on written accounts. This information is disparate and difficult to quantify.

This book is the result of a research financed by the National Research Council (CNPq), through which the issue of child aggressiveness was investigated. The theme has generated concern worldwide, which mobilized the researchers to understand the phenomenon and seek ways to help children in a public school in São Paulo. The general objective of the research was to investigate the possible causes of aggressive manifestations in a child of a public school of early childhood education and to carry through intervention in the sense of contributing to the quality of its interpersonal relations. To do so, it had as specific objectives: 1 - to identify the relationship difficulties presented by the child; 2 - to reconstruct her life history; and 3 - to provide the child with moments of shelter, expression and possible conflict elaboration through playful activity.