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The aim of this work is to demonstrate the great contribution made by Dante Alighieri to a universalist theory of international law, through his political work Da Monarquia (The Monarchy), analysing the elaboration of a universal monarchy as the only means of a possible peace between the entire human race, with the intention of dividing the power of the world into temporal and timeless, the former belonging to a monarch or emperor and the latter to the Church.

The offence of rape stems from a heinous act that requires a closer study of its origin and evolution. If overlooked, this aspect could lead to unreasonable and disproportionate punitivism that is not in keeping with a Criminal Law of Guarantees. The doctrine has not paid much attention to mixed criminal types by accumulation, which has occasionally led to a judicial takeover of the doctrine through occasional misinterpretations of criminal types, causing serious injustices. Scientific study, theory, must have the function of improving and limiting practice, which must not deviate from the necessary observance of fundamental rights and guarantees, a vector for judicial action that makes the ends justify the means when they stem from due process of law. Criminal law cannot deviate from its purpose of protecting essential legal assets, being a guarantee and a limit to state intervention, otherwise the doctrine that the important thing is to ensure that the criminal law is in force in favour of the citizen and not the one who violates it and becomes an enemy of the state, without constitutionally guaranteed rights and guarantees, will take on more and more prominence around the world.

In this book, the authors present tips for using the Individual Work Plan and Self-Study Time as strategies for promoting Self-Regulated Learning. The Modern School Movement, presented in this book, proposes a differentiated pedagogical approach, attentive to and respectful of inter-individual differences, responding to them through the implementation of the Individual Work Plan. This tool allows students to manage and guide their educational path, in a progressively autonomous way, in the classroom context, and integrates learning from all curricular areas.

Systemic lupus erythematosus in children is a chronic, systemic and autoimmune disease whose diagnosis is not always easy. Its clinical expression is heterogeneous with sometimes atypical manifestations contributing to diagnostic error. This entity is distinguished by severe damage, notably renal, neurological and hematological damage, the outcome of which can be serious. These individualizations pose a real diagnostic challenge. The lack of pediatric studies regarding treatment makes targeted and adequate care difficult. It is most often based on a heavy therapeutic arsenal in a growing being. The use of these medications with a good benefit/risk balance could avoid considerable comorbidity. Hydroxychloroquine is experiencing renewed interest, after having proven its beneficial effects; its therapeutic and preventive properties on relapses and control of lupus disease. The progression can be marked by uncontrolled attacks which can compromise the vital prognosis. Complications may concern the organs initially affected or other visceral damage.

Sustainable Development is presented in three phases. In the first phase, the entities that moderate the impact of the problems that prevent humanity from developing environmentally are described. In the second phase, the social theories that have been used to approach ecological problems are reviewed. Finally, in the third phase, the scope and limits of biospheric proposals are discussed.

This work aims to establish a possible dialogue between religious, literary and linguistic studies, using the French Discourse Analysis created by Michel Pêcheux, as well as the conceptualisation of discourse, the formation of the discursive subject, language understood as making sense, intertextual relations and the historical context. The corpus of the study is the novel Dom Casmurro by Machado de Assis. Therefore, through the application of the theoretical-methodological framework, the aim was to verify how the Catholic Religious Discourse influenced the production of the work in question. To this end, analyses were carried out, initially using the intertext and then the historical context as discursive elements in the construction of meaning. It was inferred that in Dom Casmurro, Machado de Assis's realistic novel, the enunciator, although not the author of a literature that could be recognised as "Christian", presents an extensive work influenced by religious beliefs, specifically those of the Catholic Church.

The purpose of this work is to identify issues related to the way of life and behaviour imposed by Rio Grande do Sul society on women during the Old Republic, as well as the representations of women's submission. Given that the capitalist mode of production was consolidated during this period. Based on a bibliographical analysis, it was possible to see that women were subjected to the will of men. This was due to the characteristics of a society dominated by men and positivist ideas. These ideas determined that women should be submissive, docile wives responsible for bearing children and educating them, as well as dedicating themselves to the home and to their husbands, thus being limited to the private space seen as a sacred place where new human beings would be formed. Submission had its individual designations/interests, whether consciously or not. The difficulties and mishaps that women have had on their long journey towards emancipation have also been noted.

This study was carried out over a period of six (06) months in the Paediatric Oncology Unit at Treichville University Hospital. Investigations carried out using techniques and tools enabled us to identify the difficulties faced by children in hospital. Faced with the refusal of medical care, we developed an educational project aimed at getting children to accept care through storytelling. In order to achieve this objective, we carried out activities such as storytelling with comic strips, puppets and marionettes. The activities carried out have produced satisfactory results that need to be consolidated. These children know when it's time for treatment and accept it. This is why we have entrusted the supervisors with a follow-up project to ensure that the children's achievements are sustained.

This book is divided into 5 chapters with the bases for selecting the experimental methodology of the research work. The first chapter outlines the quantitative and qualitative research paradigms; it also describes research papers according to the research subject. Chapters 2 and 3 detail the main quantitative and qualitative research designs, respectively. The basic guidelines for each design are provided to develop the experimental strategy and to collect data to answer the research question. Chapter 4 provides the basic guidelines for writing the experimental methodology. And the last chapter presents the elements considered to organize and present the variables, which is useful at the time of writing the research report.

The study object of this manuscript is to find an explanation for the origin of Christian rationalism, the fact that there is a dissidence between it and Kardecism, and for this we started from the assumptions of the historical axis and the foundations of both doctrines. The methodology used was a systematized review which revealed the existence of an attempt to rescue French spiritism and, as a consequence, a dissidence between Kardecism and Christian rationalism.

The Congolese legislator has devoted a considerable number of provisions in the Congolese mining code to incriminations, with the main aim of setting up a more dissuasive system through the application of the penalties provided for these incriminations. Moreover, mining law as a whole is seen as a technical and complex subject, which is why mining law remains less well known or poorly understood. This book presents mining offences and the procedures for prosecuting them. This presentation refers not only to the Congolese mining code, but also to other Congolese legal texts and Congolese and French case law. The analysis covers the preconditions, constituent elements and legal regime of each mining offence. Reading the book should suffice to gain a reasoned understanding of each mining offence. This book is intended for everyone, as no one is supposed to be an expert in the...

The text is the result of the authors' look at the history of Cuba from the perspective of political economy. The conclusions they reach are the result of their research work as university professors. The approach with which they work on these issues places them in the field of Marxist theory. It is written in plain language, probably due to the fact that they share their university teaching with trade union and political activism.

Biodiversity conservation in Côte d'Ivoire is a major issue, given its importance, diversity and the particularity of its flora and fauna. However, this biological diversity is severely threatened by a number of factors, including deforestation, poaching and climate change. The example of the Yaya classified forest in south-eastern Côte d'Ivoire is a good illustration of this situation. Remote sensing data were used to analyze changes in forest cover in 1986, 2000 and 2018, revealing that the forest occupied 22236.8 ha (in 1986), 19179.61 ha (in 2000) and 19055.44 ha (in 2018) respectively, i.e. a decline of -0.48 per year.

Patriarchal culture has dictated rules of social coexistence that go beyond the dictates of the Democratic Rule of Law and have curtailed women's human rights. The manifestations of the Brazilian National Congress in relation to the Statute of the Unborn Child Bill, patriarchal positions and how this has interfered with women's human rights. Using the deductive method, historical, archaeological, sociological and anthropological analyses, as well as the interpretation of narratives from direct documentation, we chose to begin the study with the historical trajectory and identity construction of what it means to "be a woman", and studying the influence of patriarchal culture on society and women's lives and how Feminist Movements have organized themselves in the face of this, and finally, in the context of women's reproductive rights, to analyze the positions of Members of the National Congress in relation to the Bill creating the Statute of the Unborn Child, in order to see if there are any manifestations of patriarchal culture. Thus, from the analysis of the statements, it can be seen that patriarchy permeates time and still manifests itself strongly.

This book aims to enlighten readers about kidney disease in children, the difficulties that children and families go through and the strategies they use to cope with the disease. All these changes have repercussions on the quality of life of these children and their caregivers. Depending on the type of change and the way in which they deal with the obstacles that arise throughout their lives, their quality of life takes on different meanings. The perspective of the children and their caregivers (usually their parents) is presented, and clinical and non-clinical approach strategies are suggested for health professionals who frequently deal with these children and families, namely nurses. Finally, a more recreational and educational aspect is discussed, which is gaining more and more fans: summer camps for children with kidney disease. Summer camps for children with kidney disease produce benefits for children on various levels, which is why they have been given great prominence in this work.

Discussions about the increase in the elderly population have been gaining momentum in recent decades, as it is a reflection of advances in the field of health and the reduction in the birth rate. This change in age structure inspires caution, since the number of HIV/AIDS cases among the elderly is growing, requiring greater attention from public authorities and health professionals. This book has the following objectives: To identify nursing actions in the care and monitoring of elderly people living with HIV/AIDS in a municipal health polyclinic; To describe what measures have been adopted by nurses in the unit to help the elderly cope with this process of becoming ill; To analyze the perceptions of public health nurses about their role in relation to HIV/AIDS in old age.

Evaluation of the effect of organic extracts of Bunium Incrassatum roots on certain haematological parameters. This study was carried out on mature rabbits of the local breed for 15 days. The animals were divided into five groups, G1, G2, G3 and G4, which received the following daily doses: 25, 50, 100 and 200 extract/kg body weight of rabbits. The group with dose 0 was taken as a control. After treatment, the rabbits were sacrificed. Rabbit blood was collected in heparin tubes and their ovaries and uteri were removed, fixed in 10% formalin and stained with hematoxylin-eosin.Treatment induced a significant decrease in triglyceride levels, as well as a decrease in FSH and an increase in plasma estradiol concentration.The study shows that the organic extract of B. Incrassatum has ostrogenic effects.

Through an analysis of the relevant legislation - LDB 9394/96, CNE/CEB Opinion 11/2000, the National Education Plan and the 1988 Federal Constitution, we sought to analyze the results achieved by the Solidarity Literacy Program (PAS) in conjunction with the Federal University of Santa Maria - UFSM, in the process of transforming popular literacy teachers. The municipalities participating in this research are partners of the University and PAS. The pedagogical activities were carried out in Piauí, in the Semi-Arid Region (municipalities of Caldeirão Grande do Piauí, Fronteiras, Pio IX and São Julião). Through the application of a questionnaire and participant observation, it was found that the literacy learners and the literacy teachers consider that it is through education that they will be able to participate more meaningfully in their communities and articulate actions aimed at changing their political and socio-cultural context. Therefore, the Solidarity Literacy Program has been presented as a way of reducing illiteracy rates in Brazil, a country with serious regional inequalities.

The theme of this study is women's participation in the Frente de Luta por Moradia movement in Jardim Ipanema, in the eastern zone of the city of São Paulo. The general aim of this study is to identify how women participate in the Frente de Luta por Moradia movement in Jardim Ipanema in the east of the city of São Paulo. The specific objectives are To get to know the women who are part of the movement for housing in the East Zone of the city of São Paulo, to verify the reasons for homelessness and to learn about the struggle of women in the East Zone of the city of São Paulo for housing. The methodology is an exploratory study and the research is qualitative in nature. The methodological procedures used to collect data were a bibliographical survey and semi-structured interviews with five women from the FLM movement. The main results of this work emphasise that homelessness is linked to social inequality and gender inequality, and that the FLM plays an important role in the search for housing.

This book aims to train readers, showing the importance of fruitful and enjoyable reading in digital media. New technologies have brought about changes in society, changing habits and behaviors, highlighting new ways of interacting with reading and writing in space because it presents work with links, which take the reader to other stories. The presence of computers in school environments is a reality and the school cannot avoid training citizens, since this tool contributes to and expands the possibilities of getting to know the multiple languages of the literary text. Literature being the art of the word and the word the basic unit of language, we can say that literature, as well as the language it uses, is an instrument of communication and social interaction and therefore also fulfills the social role of transmitting the knowledge and culture of a community. Thus, the literary work is a living object, the result of dynamic relationships between writer, audience and society. And, like works of art, it must be appreciated, experienced and enjoyed.

The current task of management and especially of managers should be to interpret the objectives proposed by the organization and transform them into actions through planning, organization, direction and control of all the activities carried out in the areas and levels of the company in order to achieve the proposed objectives. Control and management indicators should be elements of the administrative process that include all activities undertaken to ensure that actual operations match planned operations. All managers of the organization have the duty to evaluate results and take the necessary measures to minimize inefficiencies, so that control and management indicators are key elements in the administration of companies. The implementation and development of a performance evaluation and control system occurs to the extent that the organization manages to develop and implement the different elements that make up an integral planning system, that is, when the plans, methods and principles have been framed in the organizational scheme.

Improvement of sowing qualities and reduction of seed cost in the world market, increase of germination with dressing, increase of resistance to diseases at all stages of seed preparation, including application of chemical preparations, determination of factors negatively affecting quality and their prevention, creation of resource-saving technologies reducing costs of seed preparation remains the most prestigious task. In recent years, comprehensive measures have been taken in the republic to grow cotton, develop its primary processing, expand the range and types of finished products, including support for export opportunities of the industry's enterprises. Cotton-textile clusters are being created in the industry, cotton seed breeding, cotton cultivation and processing with the production of finished knitted fibre products are being developed, and measures are being taken to develop a system for exporting finished products. Keeping in mind the dependence of product quality, it can be seen that the primary factor in making quality textile products is the development of technology and machinery for cotton seed preparation.

Sierra Leone is one of the most representative cases worldwide in the use of minors for war tasks. The end of the civil war (1991-2002) brought with it the enormous challenge of reinserting and reintegrating a large number of former combatants, including thousands of children. This book analyzes, from the perspective of conflict theory, the official and independent reintegration policies and programs that were developed in Sierra Leone for children and youth. It also interprets their results and draws some lessons and recommendations for the Colombian case.

The purpose of this research work was to analyze the sugarcane production system and to understand the survival / permanence strategies of small sugarcane growers in the town of Atahona, Department of Simoca, province of Tucumán, Argentina. The research problem arose from the specific reaction of the productive units of small sugarcane producers in the town of Atahona to the trend towards the concentration of productive factors, mainly land. This process has accelerated since the 1990s, with the deregulation of the sugar market and the application of neoliberal policies at the national level. The general objective of this research consisted of documenting and analyzing the role of family participation in sugarcane production as a survival strategy for peasant domestic production units in the locality of Atahona. Simoca. Tucumán. The main research question was about permanence strategies of small producers.

Postpartum depression exists! It is an affective disorder that can last for weeks or months and affects one in six postpartum women. Unfortunately, nowadays few women and their families seek support or are unable to express their feelings. After childbirth, women experience biological, physical, emotional and social changes, leading to postpartum depression. Postpartum depression presents various symptoms such as depression, persistent sadness or crying, decreased interest or ability to enjoy activities, among others. It is important to detect patients who require pharmacological and psychological treatment to reduce the risks of morbidity for both mother and child, and nursing professionals are undoubtedly those who have the most contact with postpartum women to detect the appearance of depressive symptoms in them. "The birth of a baby is a cause for joy, or so it should be... But for some women, joy is not an option" (Tatano, 2006).

This book presents research conducted with groups of volunteers and non-volunteers that shows how volunteering enables the development of cognitive, emotional and social competencies, which constitute the DNA of transformational leaders and allow those who volunteer to stand out for their solidarity, conformity to social correctness, self-control, social sensitivity, helpfulness, collaboration, safety, assertiveness in interaction, adaptation, perception of self-efficacy, acceptance of others, building well-being, and prosocial leadership. Likewise, volunteering enables the development of a cognitive style, characterised by interpersonal and social problem solving skills, reflexivity, cognitive strategies, the ability to observe and retain relevant information about the social situation, the search for alternative solutions, the anticipation of the consequences that are likely to follow from social behaviours and the choice of the appropriate means to the ends pursued.

It is a book written in popular scientific language, easy and enjoyable to read, which provides valid information to avoid the traps of addiction, with guidelines, recommendations and experiences that will help to identify risks and detect dangers that can affect their lives and health. It is very useful for parents and teachers, the mainstays in the education of children, adolescents and young people, the main target of this terrible and devastating scourge. No one is exempt from this disease, either directly when they suffer from it or indirectly when it affects a family member or student, the best option is prevention.

The Southern Altiplano of Bolivia is characterized by the exclusive presence of the cultivation of royal quinoa, produced under an agricultural system of organic production with sustainability criteria. The area has the greatest diversity of genotypes and wild progenitors, adapted to special agro-climatic, soil, cultural and social conditions and from an altitude level of 3,500 to 4,800 meters above sea level.

In a world of work in which the demands are increasingly greater and the environments sometimes turn out to be so aggressive depending on the social, financial, moral, sentimental context, to cite a few examples in which the most successful are no longer those with an IQ above the average but those who have the skills or abilities to recognize their own feelings and those of others. These people endowed with such attitudes, control their emotions very well when they are exposed to different circumstances of pressure, anxiety, stress or tense environments in which it is required to act in a balanced way making decisions based on a preparation of feelings; these people become successful beings.

During the years of practice in the Courts of Justice I have taken a great interest in Criminal Law, I have been an observer of judicial decisions full of justice as well as injustice. This small work is mainly focused on the practice within the oral, public and contradictory trial phase and how the correct application of the Iura Novit Curia and the Principle of Congruence can be determinant at the time of acquitting or convicting a person.