Bücher veröffentlicht von SAE International

Over the last century and a half, modern life has largely been characterized by stability and predictability, where individuals settled in one place and followed familiar routines. The late 19th century saw the rise of global brands and transportation advancements, making the world smaller in a virtual sense and more accessible in a logistical one. By the 1990s, global brands and easy transport were the norm, yet the patterns of life remained largely unchanged.About three decades ago, the pace of change quickened dramatically. Ties to a fixed location weakened, economic forces shifted, and telecommunications shifted from landlines to cellular and IP services. Norms around employment shifted, giving rise to the gig economy. Companies like Amazon and Uber reshaped expectations, leading to an "anything, anywhere, anytime" culture.The Mobility Society emerged, a constant evolution transcending place and time. This transformation is expertly explored and defined by the insightful mind of Paul Warburton, who has been at the forefront of this movement for over a decade. His "Now - Near - Far" structure has become a powerful tool in planning and understanding the changes that lie ahead.This book weaves together the complex web of technological and societal changes shaping the Mobility Society. For those involved in these transformations, this book offers fascinating insights, while for those in policymaking roles, it is a crucial guide to understanding and preparing for the inevitable evolution.

Are new mobility technologies the key to unlocking the future of urban living, or do they pose a threat to established public transit systems? Dive into this groundbreaking book that unveils the potential for a harmonious coexistence.The New Mobility Handbook, 2024 Edition challenges the belief that ride services, autonomous vehicles, and micromobility are at odds with public transit in a zero-sum transportation game. Discover how new mobility options, immensely popular and fostering multimodal travel, can be paired with classic urban planning principles to offer attractive alternatives to personal car use. Learn how road pricing, road space reallocation, and innovative policies can transform cities when new mobility technologies turn detractors into allies. Ride services and micromobility emerge not as adversaries to transit, but as advocates for a smarter, more inclusive urban ecosystem.Part I sparks a paradigm shift, advocating to change how we use cars through fair pricing and shared street space. Part II champions micromobility as a crucial city transportation element, while Part III underscores the pivotal role of public transit, positioning it as a first-choice option. Join us in reshaping the narrative! Embrace a future where cars, micromobility, and public transit unite, creating a dynamic, sustainable, and inclusive mobility system for the next century.

Engineers, applied scientists, students, and individuals working to reduce emissions and advance diesel engine technology will find the second edition of Diesel Emissions and Their Control to be an indispensable reference. Whether readers are at the outset of their learning journey or seeking to deepen their expertise, this comprehensive reference book caters to a wide audience.In this substantial update to the 2006 classic, the authors have expanded the coverage of the latest emission technologies. With the industry evolving rapidly, the book ensures that readers are well-informed about the most recent advances in commercial diesel engines, providing a competitive edge in their respective fields. The second edition has also streamlined the content to focus on the most promising technologies.This book is rooted in the wealth of information available on DieselNet.com, where the "Technology Guide" papers offer in-depth insights. Each chapter includes links to relevant online materials, granting readers access to even more expertise and knowledge.The second edition is organized into six parts, providing a structured journey through every aspect of diesel engines and emissions control:¿ Part I: A foundational exploration of the diesel engine, combustion, and essential subsystems.¿ Part II: An in-depth look at emission characterization, health and environmental impacts, testing methods, and global regulations.¿ Part III: A comprehensive overview of diesel fuels, covering petroleum diesel, alternative fuels, and engine lubricants.¿ Part IV: An exploration of engine efficiency and emission control technologies, from exhaust gas recirculation to engine control.¿ Part V: The latest developments in diesel exhaust aftertreatment, encompassing catalyst technologies and particulate filters.¿ Part VI: A historical journey through the evolution of diesel engine technology, with a focus on heavy-duty engines in the North American market.

Dive into the heart of wartime innovation and manufacturing through this groundbreaking book, unveiling a riveting narrative of technological mastery and organizational ingenuity. This meticulously researched work challenges conventional views of wartime production, offering a fresh perspective on the incredible efforts that drove the Allies to victory.Young's insightful analyses illuminate the strategic collaboration between the aerospace and automotive industries, showcasing their collective adaptation that created the engines powering victory. Spanning continents, Young examines the transformation of aircraft engine manufacturing during World War II. Unearthing the operations of key players such as the Bristol Aeroplane Company, Pratt & Whitney, and Wright Aeronautical, he sheds light on the monumental shift from traditional batch production to revolutionary quantity production.Readers will witness the birth of new factories, the development of advanced machine tools, and the innovation required to produce engines of unparalleled complexity and precision. Through Young's fresh perspective, the book unveils the intricate interplay of crisis techno-politics, engineering resilience, and the pivotal role of innovation in shaping the tides of history.This book is not just a study of the past; it is a critical foundation for understanding the dynamics of wartime production that continue to influence our world today.

The earlier editions of this title have been best-selling definitive references for those needing technical information about automotive fuels. This long-awaited latest edition has been thoroughly revised and updated, yet retains the original fundamental fuels information that readers find so useful.This book is written for those with an interest in or a need to understand automotive fuels. Because automotive fuels can no longer be developed in isolation from the engines that will convert the fuel into the power necessary to drive our automobiles, knowledge of automotive fuels will also be essential to those working with automotive engines.Small quantities of fuel additives increasingly play an important role in bridging the gap that often exists between fuel that can easily be produced and fuel that is needed by the ever-more sophisticated automotive engine. This book pulls together in a single, extensively referenced volume, the three different but related topics of automotive fuels, fuel additives, and engines, and shows how all three areas work together.It includes a brief history of automotive fuels development, followed by chapters on automotive fuels manufacture from crude oil and other fossil sources. One chapter is dedicated to the manufacture of automotive fuels and fuel blending components from renewable sources, including e-fuels. The safe handling, transport, and storage of fuels, from all sources, are covered.New combustion systems to achieve reduced emissions and increased efficiency are discussed, and the way in which the fuels' physical and chemical characteristics affect these combustion processes and the emissions produced are included. As CO2 is now an important emission there is also discussion regarding low and non-carbon fuels and how they might be used.There is also discussion on engine fuel system development and how these different systems affect the corresponding fuel requirements. Because the book is for a global market, fuel system technologies that only exist in the legacy fleet in some markets are included. The way in which fuel requirements are developed and specified is discussed. This covers test methods from simple laboratory bench tests, through engine testing, and long-term test procedures.

In a world where innovation and sustainability are paramount, Fundamentals of Design of Experiments for Automotive Engineering: Volume I serves as a definitive guide to harnessing the power of statistical thinking in product development. As first of four volumes in SAE International's DOE for Product Reliability Growth series, this book presents a practical, application-focused approach by emphasizing DOE as a dynamic tool for automotive engineers. It showcases real-world examples, demonstrating how process improvements and system optimizations can significantly enhance product reliability.The author, Yung Chiang, leverages extensive product development expertise to present a comprehensive process that ensures product performance and reliability throughout its entire lifecycle. Whether individuals are involved in research, design, testing, manufacturing, or marketing, this essential reference equips them with the skills needed to excel in their respective roles.This book explores the potential of Reliability and Sustainability with DOE, featuring the following topics:- Fundamental prerequisites for deploying DOE: Product reliability processes, measurement uncertainty, failure analysis, and design for reliability.- Full factorial design 2K: A system identification tool for relating objectives to factors and understanding main and interactive effects.- Fractional factorial design 2RK-P: Ideal for identifying main effects and 2-factor interactions.- General fractional factorial design LK-P: Systematically identification of significant inputs and analysis of nonlinear behaviors.- Composite designs as response surface methods: Resolving interactions and optimizing decisions with limited factors.- Adapting to practical challenges with "short" DOE: Leveraging optimization schemes like D-optimality, and A-optimality for optimal results.Readers are encouraged not to allow product failures to hinder progress but to embrace the "statistical thinking" embedded in DOE. This book can illuminate the path to designing products that stand the test of time, resulting in satisfied customers and thriving businesses.

This invaluable dictionary springs from the foundation laid by the glossary in Vehicle Accident Analysis and Reconstruction Methods, Third Edition created by the disbanded SAE Accident Investigation and Reconstruction Practices Committee (AIRP). Building on this content, this book encompasses a wide array of terms derived from both accident reconstruction and automotive safety.While biomechanics contributes numerous terms related to automotive safety concerning occupants, accident reconstruction primarily caters to vehicular elements. Unlike typical glossaries, this compendium doesn't just define; it references the sources related to the concept. Diving into SAE standards, recommended practices, and other renowned texts, this dictionary paints a complete picture. Even as the automotive landscape evolves, this work stands as an extensive reference for students and professionals alike.

Created to elevate expertise in testing, verification, and validation with industry-specific terminology, readers are empowered to navigate the complex world of quality assurance. From foundational concepts to advanced principles, each entry provides clarity and depth, ensuring the reader becomes well-versed in the language of precision.This dictionary is an indispensable companion for both professionals and students seeking to unravel the nuances of testing methodologies, verification techniques, and validation processes. Readers will be equipped with the tools to communicate effectively, make informed decisions, and excel in projects. In addition, references to SAE Standards are included to direct the read to additional information beyond a practical definition.

Carefully crafted from thousands of Ford archives, written interviews, and first-hand accounts told by people who knew the man, Edsel: The Story of Henry Ford's Forgotten Son, brings into focus the remarkable life of Edsel Ford.The book chronicle's Edsel's life from his early days of growing up in and around his father's company, through the controversy of his World War I draft notice and eventual exemption, the design change from the Model T to the Model A, and the creation of the Ford Foundation.Twenty-seven chapters in all help to shed light on the life of a man who preferred to spend most of his life out of the limelight.

Fundamentals of Electric Aircraft, Second Edition was developed to explain what the electric aircraft stands for by offering an objective view of what can be expected from the giant strides in innovative architectures and technologies enabling aircraft electrification. This edition features new illustrations and photographs throughout.Through tangible case studies, a deep insight is provided into this paradigm shift cutting across various aircraft segments - from General Aviation to Large Aircraft.Addressing design constraints and timelines foreseen to reach acceptable performance and maturity levels, Fundamentals of Electric Aircraft, Second Edition puts forward a general view of the progress made to date and what to expect in the years to come.Drawing from the expertise of four industry veterans, Pascal Thalin (editor/contributor), Ravi Rajamani, Jean-Charles Maré, and Sven Taubert (contributors), it addresses futuristic approaches but does not depart too far from the operational down-to-earth realities of everyday business.Fundamentals of Electric Aircraft, Second Edition also offers analyses on how performance enhancements and fuel burn savings may bring more value for money as long as new electric technologies deliver on their promises.

One data breach can close a small business before it even gets going. With all that is involved in starting a new business, cybersecurity can easily be overlooked but no one can afford to put it on the back burner. Cybersecurity for Entrepreneurs is the perfect book for anyone considering a new business venture. Written by cybersecurity experts from industry and academia, this book serves as an all-inclusive reference to build a baseline of cybersecurity knowledge for every small business.Authors Gloria D'Anna and Zachary A. Collier bring a fresh approach to cybersecurity using a conversational tone and a friendly character, Peter the Salesman, who stumbles into all the situations that this book teaches readers to avoid.Cybersecurity for Entrepreneurs includes securing communications, protecting financial transactions, safeguarding IoT devices, understanding cyber laws, managing risks, and assessing how much to invest in cyber security based on specific business needs.

Product lifecycles have shortened due to competition, rapidly changing markets, emerging technology, and regulation. Modernizing Product Development Processes: Guide for Engineers provides a foundation to focus on giving engineers, entrepreneurs, and innovators a guide to developing products with a new approach instead of a traditional product development cycle.Using the fundamental pillars of this book, the authors demonstrate how to bridge the gap in today's product development cycle to improve "time to market" needs in a fast-paced environment. These pillars include:-Learning from failures and doing -Harnessing creativity (out-of-the-box thinking) -Front loading (develop concepts early) -Explore multiple possible solutions -Technology/Manufacturing readiness level -Modularity (integrate common solutions)In addition, the authors prepare engineers to scale up production to meet customer demands in a dynamic environment by demonstrating how to establish strategies and road maps with a stage gate approach focused on harnessing creativity to build concepts/technologies in early phases.In today's era of innovation, rapid technological growth, and high consumer demand, engineers must adapt and deliver products with reasonable, engineered solutions and this book shows them how.

Marijan Jozic has been involved in avionics engineering and maintenance for over 40 years. He has held a variety of roles, from Test Equipment Calibration and Maintenance Engineer, Systems Engineer, to Product and Program Manager.In Aviation Engineering: Navigating Through the Golden Years, Marijan candidly shares his journey through the world of avionics. Covering the 40-year period between 1980 and 2020, he discusses his experiences, observations, challenges faced, obstacles overcome, and the lessons learned throughout his successful career, as he proudly carried the torch through a crucial time in the aviation industry. The insights provided on team building and leadership can be beneficial for any stage of a career path."Who else could be most qualified to write a book about the golden years of aviation than Marijan Jozic?From the bowels of electromechanical instrumentation to the latest flight management computers, from the 'steam gauges' to LCD and Head Up displays, Marijan has seen, designed and managed their implementation. Thus then, who best to lead you in a journey through those golden years."Randolph Johnstone PhD, Former Boeing Associate Technical Fellow

Without vision you may not succeed, so the vision for SAE International's Dictionary of Automotive Engineering is to become the most comprehensive automotive engineering reference for professionals and students alike.This authoritative reference provides clearly written, easy-to-understand definitions for over 1,800 terms used in automotive engineering worldwide. Unlike a standard dictionary that provides only definitions, the SAE International's Dictionary for Automotive Engineers provides a unique level of details including:¿ In-depth definitions including formulas and equations where appropriate.¿ Over 300 full-color illustrations to provide clarity for a definition, component, or system identification.¿ References to relevant SAE Standards to direct the read to additional information beyond a practical definition.¿ Coverage of newer technologies such as electric vehicles, automated vehicles, hydrogen fuel.Organized in alphabetical order, readers will find most acronyms are listed first followed by the term then the definition to mimic conventional usage of acronyms within the industry.Whether you use the print or eBook addition, SAE International's Dictionary of Automotive Engineering exceeds similar resources providing readers with comprehensive view of all SAE offers by providing SAE Standard Identification whenever appropriate.

Are you considering buying an electric vehicle? All of us are witnessing a once-in-a-lifetime transformation. For over one hundred years, gasoline and diesel fuels have powered ground transportation throughout the world. Now that is changing, and 2023 is the year when most people will recognize that change is happening. This book is a comprehensive, easy-to-understand overview of the passenger EV universe including guides for buying and owning an electric car. The authors discuss choosing, owning and driving an electric car, then explain the features, advantages, benefits and limitations of over 45 EV models including pickup trucks, SUVs, and sedans."If you have to have a car, make it an electric car. As this book makes clear, they are better than old-fashion vehicles in every way."-Bill McKibben, American environmentalist and climate change authority; co-founded 350.org and spearheaded the fossil fuel divestment campaign resulting in endowments worth more than $15 trillion stepping back from oil, gas and coal."Thankfully, now that the electric vehicle R&D "dark ages" are coming to an end and automakers around the world are charging up their EV programs, there's no doubt that we're about to see massive, valuable change in our transportation landscape."-Sebastian Blanco, one of America's leading electric car journalists who has been writing about EVs since 2006.

An essential guide for design engineers who use the Finite Element Analysis (FEA) during the product development process, this book turns the FEA into a productivity tool that will help to avoid costly and potentially dangerous mistakes. During the 50 years of its development, FEA evolved from an exotic analysis method accessible only to specialized analysts into a mainstream engineering tool. Phenomenal progress in computer hardware and operating systems combined with similar progress in computer-aided design made FEA the tool of choice for design engineers, who now use it during the product design process. Many books have been written about FEA, however very little FEA literature takes a middle ground approach and specifically addresses the needs of design engineers who use FEA as an everyday design tool. This book attempts to fill that void by focusing on an understanding of FEA fundamentals, which are explained through simple and intuitive examples that can be used by any engineer. This book also takes a practical approach, characteristic to the attitudes of design engineers, and offers readers an opportunity to try all discussed topics by solving downloadable exercises using either their own FEA software or the commercial FEA software StressCheck, which is licensed for free to readers.

Landing gear provides an intriguing and compelling challenge, combining many fields of science and engineering. Designed to guide the interested reader through the fundamentals aircraft wheel, brake and brake control design system, this book presents a specific element of landing gear design in an accessible way. The authors two volume treatise, The Design of Aircraft Landing, was the inspiration for this book. The Design of Aircraft Landing is a landmark work for the industry and utilizes over 1,000 pages to present a complete, in-depth study of each component that must considered when designing an aircrafts landing gear. While recognizing that not everyone may need the entire treatise, Aircraft Wheels, Brakes, and Brake Controls: Key Principles for Landing Gear Design is one of three quick reference guides focusing on one key element of aircraft design and landing gear design. This volume features an overview of brakes, aircraft deceleration, brake sizing, brake design, braking accessories, wheels, brake control as well as brake issues and concerns. R. Kyle Schmidt has over 25 years experience across three countries and has held a variety of variety of engineering roles relating to the development of new landing gears and the sustainment of existing landing gears in service.

Landing gear provides an intriguing and compelling challenge, combining many fields of science and engineering. Designed to guide the interested reader through the key principles of aircraft compatibility with the ground and ground infrastructure (airfields, heliports, etc.), this book presents a specific element of landing gear design in an accessible way. The authors two volume treatise, The Design of Aircraft Landing, was the inspiration for this book. The Design of Aircraft Landing is a landmark work for the industry and utilizes over 1,000 pages to present a complete, in-depth study of each component that must considered when designing an aircrafts landing gear. While recognizing that not everyone may need the entire treatise, Airfield Compatibility: Key Principles for Landing Gear Design is one of three quick reference guides focusing on one key element of aircraft design and landing gear design. This volume centers on how to ensure that the aircraft is compatible with the ground surfaces that it will encounter in use. R. Kyle Schmidt has over 25 years experience across three countries and has held a variety of variety of engineering roles relating to the development of new landing gears and the sustainment of existing landing gears in service.

Landing gear provides an intriguing and compelling challenge, combining many fields of science and engineering. Designed to guide the interested reader through aircraft tire design, selection, and integration to the aircraft landing gear, this book presents a specific element of landing gear design in an accessible way. The authors two volume treatise, The Design of Aircraft Landing, was the inspiration for this book. The Design of Aircraft Landing is a landmark work for the industry and utilizes over 1,000 pages to present a complete, in-depth study of each component that must considered when designing an aircrafts landing gear. While recognizing that not everyone may need the entire treatise, Aircraft Tires: Key Principles for Landing Gear Design is one of three quick reference guides focusing on one key element of aircraft design and landing gear design. This volume features tire construction and terminology, mechanics of pneumatic tires, tire performance and modeling as well reviewing undesirable tire behavior. R. Kyle Schmidt has over 25 years experience across three countries and has held a variety of variety of engineering roles relating to the development of new landing gears and the sustainment of existing landing gears in service.

One of the best ways to encourage women to enter or continue in engineering is to hear about and see examples of other women in the field to whom they can relate. Joan Wills and Karen Ramsey-Idem bring together diverse, talented women across the commercial vehicle industry to share her unique experiences including the habits, motivations, triumphs, defeats, and lessons learned that helped each thrive in her leadership roles. These leaders represent three different generations across U.S., Europe, Africa and Asia. Doing the Hard Work provides insights that have relevance for women at all stages in their careers, whether its young women interested in pursuing a career in the auto industry, those looking for their next strategic move, or those seeking insight and inspiration.

Author Daniel E. Williams, an industry professional with more 30 years of experience in chassis control systems from concept to launch, brings this experience and his unique approach to readers of Generalized Vehicle Dynamics.This book makes use of nomenclature and conventions not used in other texts. This combination allows the derivation of complex vehicles that roll with multiple axles, any of which can be steered, to be directly predicted by manipulation of a generalized model. Similarly the ride characteristics of such a generalized vehicle are derived. This means the vehicle dynamic behavior of these vehicles can be directly written from the results derived in this work, and there is no need to start from Newtons Second Law to create such insight. Using new and non-standard conventions allows wider applicability to complex vehicles, including autonomous vehicles.Generalized Vehicle Dynamics is divided into two main sections-ride and handling-with roll considered in both. Each section concludes with a case study that applies the concepts presented in the preceding chapters to actual vehicles. Chapters include Simple Suspension as a Linear Dynamic System, The Quarter-Car Model, The Pitch Plane Model, The Roll Plane Mode, Active Suspension to Optimize Ride, Handling Basics, Reference Frames, New Conventions, Two-Axle Yaw Plane Model, Rear Axle Steering and Lanekeeping, Two-Axle Vehicles that Roll, Three-Axle Vehicle Dynamics, Generalized Multi-Axle Vehicle Dynamics and Automated Vehicle Architecture from Vehicle Dynamics. "e;A fresh and more inclusive book that lays out much new material in vehicle dynamics."e; - L. Daniel Metz, Ph.D.

Energy Efficiency of Vehicles educates readers about energy and the environment and the relationship between the energy we use and the environment. The world is at a point in time when people need to make very important decisions about energy in the next few decades. This book enables readers to utilize our scientific knowledge to make good rational decisions.Energy Efficiency of Vehicles provides information on:Calculations related to energy, power, and efficiency, and the impact of using different types of energy on the environment.Environmental consequences of consuming energy.Models related to impact of city driving on the energy efficiency and fuel economy of cars and trucks.

Will Automated Vehicles be Safer than Conventional Vehicles?One of the critically important questions that has emerged about advanced technologies in transportation is how to test the actual effects of these advanced systems on safety, particularly how to evaluate the safety of highly automated driving systems. Richard Youngs Critical Analysis of Prototype Autonomous Vehicle Crash Rates does a deep dive into these questions by reviewing and then critically analyzing the first six scientific studies of AV crash rates.

With over thirty years of experience in the design, development, and patenting of some products in the field of wheel alignment, the author shares his knowledge on the importance of wheel maintenance to the overall performance of a vehicle.From the ancient bullock carts to chariots to automobiles, wheels have undergone many changes to serve the purpose of mankinds mobility. Mobility is inevitable in todays life. A world without wheels is unimaginable. Every vehicle owner expects his tires to last longer and perform better. But improper wheel alignment and wheel balancing can drastically impact the wear and tear on a tire.This book walks the readers through the basics to techniques for wheel alignment on light vehicles, commercial vehicles, and trailers. In addition, illustrations present various types of tire wear and the cause of each. Finally, the author delves into tire safety from understanding how air pressure effects a tire to the importance of tire rotation.

Mobility and transportation mean different things to people, even to those who work in various aspects of the ecosystem - from the movement of people or goods to the development of the infrastructure that enables mobility. For decades these different parts of the ecosystem have been approached as entirely independent industries, but the quickened pace of technological change has driven the need to reconsider how these distinct groups create the vibrant tapestry that is our mobility ecosystem. This book seeks to capture the varied perspectives as a collection of diverse views on the future of mobility, to provide a clearer view on the broad base of possibility and opportunity across this interconnected system.Contributors: Jonathon Baugh, Geoffrey Boquot, Reilly Brennan, Tiffany Chu, Jordan Davis, Courtney Erlichman, Elaina Farnsworth, Valerie Lefler, Wolfgang Lehmacher Mikail Lind, Shoshana Lew, Suzanne Murtha, Mary Nichols, Trevor Pawl, John Perrachio, Aishwarya Raman, Karina Ricks, Alex Roy, Avinash Ruguboor, Anthony Townsend, Marla Westervelt, and Candace Xie.

Simulation and Optimization of Internal Combustion Engines provides the fundamentals and up-to-date progress in multidimensional simulation and optimization of internal combustion engines. While it is impossible to include all the models in a single book, this book intends to introduce the pioneer and/or the often-used models and the physics behind them providing readers with ready-to-use knowledge. Key issues, useful modeling methodology and techniques, as well as instructive results, are discussed through examples. Readers will understand the fundamentals of these examples and be inspired to explore new ideas and means for better solutions in their studies and work.Topics include combustion basis of IC engines, mathematical descriptions of reactive flow with sprays, engine in-cylinder turbulence, fuel sprays, combustions and pollutant emissions, optimization of direct-injection gasoline engines, and optimization of diesel and alternative fuel engines.

The objective of Manufacturing versus Corruption: Who Wins? is to use scientific methodologies and recommendations to motivate young people to participate in rendering the manufacturing ecosystem successful, by creating a socio-political stability amongst communities, counties, states, and nations in an unprecedented way. This book presents the reader with a practical approach and understanding of key scientific, industrial managerial concepts that constitute a common policy narrative to be embraced, implemented, and executed across all governmental sectors. As a tool for policy makers, the authors demonstrate the need for a digital manufacturing economy grounded in complete transparency.With over 50 years of experience in engineering and manufacturing, Ramy Harik and Joseph Khoury are on a mission to bring together science, economics, technology, and policy making so all work in tandem for the greater good. Topics include digital manufacturing economies, manufacturing ring, importance of infrastructure and power for successful manufacturing, networks and internet, manufacturing policies, economic policies, education systems, water, importance of data in the manufacturing process, good manufacturing practices, and free-market manufacturing.