Bücher veröffentlicht von Springer Basel

The primary objective of this monograph is to develop an elementary and se- containedapproachtothemathematicaltheoryofaviscousincompressible?uid n in a domain ? of the Euclidean spaceR , described by the equations of Navier- Stokes. The book is mainly directed to students familiar with basic functional analytic tools in Hilbert and Banach spaces. However, for readers' convenience, in the ?rst two chapters we collect, without proof some fundamental properties of Sobolev spaces, distributions, operators, etc. Another important objective is to formulate the theory for a completely general domain ?. In particular, the theory applies to arbitrary unbounded, non-smooth domains. For this reason, in the nonlinear case, we have to restrict ourselves to space dimensions n=2,3 that are also most signi?cant from the physical point of view. For mathematical generality, we will develop the l- earized theory for all n? 2. Although the functional-analytic approach developed here is, in principle, known to specialists, its systematic treatment is not available, and even the diverseaspectsavailablearespreadoutintheliterature.However,theliterature is very wide, and I did not even try to include a full list of related papers, also because this could be confusing for the student. In this regard, I would like to apologize for not quoting all the works that, directly or indirectly, have inspired this monograph.

Ten years ago interest in leukocyte chemotaxis was restricted to a relatively small group of scientists whose interests were quite circumscribed. It is now apparent that leukocytes are particularly useful for studies of the locomotory behavior of all cell types and of mechanisms controlling cell movement and orientation.

The contri buti ons to the workshops inc 1 uded short revi ews by i nvi ted speakers as well as research papers sel ected by the Chai nnen from the poster abstracts received. The afternoons were free for discussion and recreation but delegates reassanbled with the help of Hunter Valley Wines two hours before dinner to review the many posters presented. On the evenings of the 27th and 28th May, four review lectures were given by J. Dingle (The role of messengers of the IL-I/Catabolin type in cartilage turnover), R. Poole (Immunochemistry as applied to the study of connective tissues), W. Comper (Biophysical aspects of fluid movement in proteoglycan matrices) and P. Roughl ey (Cha nges in proteoglycan structure duri ng cartil age agei ng - ori gi n and effects). The workshop sessions and review lectures, while intense, provided much new data in the areas defined and provided useful debates on controversial issues, which in some instances still remain unresolved. However, the relaxed, informal atmosphere of the Salamander Bay resort provided the greatest incentive for open discussion, the renewal of old, and establishment of new, friendships, all of which are important aspects of our scientific community. While it was not possible to publish all the papers presented at the Salamander Bay Symposium, I trust that those contained herei n will provide some indication of the overall quality and scope of the meeting. Peter Ghosh President C.T.S.A.N.Z.

It takes an intermediate position between elliptic and parabolic inequalities and comprises an elliptic differential operator, a memory term and time-dependent convex constraint sets.

This book systematically treats the theory of groups generated by a conjugacy class of subgroups, satisfying certain generational properties on pairs of subgroups. The theory of abstract root subgroups is an important tool to study and classify simple classical and Lie-type groups.

It contains the following subjects: ferroelectric materials, physics of ferroelectrics, thin films, processing of ferroelectrics and their applications.

Russell was important in publicising the former and tutoring the latter, and also for working with Moore in the conversion of British philosophy from neo-Hegelianism to the new analytic tradition in the 1900s, but his own work on logic and especially logicism was very muddled.

The work of Professor Eduard Cech had a si~ificant influence on the development of algebraic and general topology and differential geometry. The book also contains a concise biography borrowed with minor changes from the book Topological papers of E.

Cell motility is an important component of many basic physiologic and pathologic processes. Understanding mechanisms of cell motility is therefore essential to the development of new research and clinical approaches in biomedical research. In the early phases of embryogenesis, prepreogrammed morpho­ genetic movement determines normal development. The migration of the neural crest cells, for example, is responsible for the establishment of almost the entire peripheral nervous system, the proper positioning of the epinephrine-secreting cells in the adrenal gland and the deposition of pigment cells in the skin (Newgreen and Erikson, 1986). Any distur­ bance or deviation from this complex migration pattern results in serious malformations. The embryonic cells are stimulated to migrate by internal signals as well as by signals from adjacent cells. Various stimulatory and inhibitory mechanisms are likely to operate during this dynamic process. However, once morphogenesis is achieved, most so­ matic cells tend to remain stationary, and the motile phenotype is dormant. Under certain physiologic and pathologic conditions, however, cells re-express their motile phenotype and migrate. In wound healing and angiogenesis cell migration and proper three-dimensional positioning is critical. Endothelial cell migration following luminal injury is another homeostatic mechanism which helps prevent vascular lesions (Reidy and Silver, 1985; Sholley et aI., 1977; Wong and Gottlieb, 1988). In pathological conditions such as atherosclerosis, smooth muscle cell migration through the internal elastic lamina to the luminal surface may be the initial event leading to the development of the atherosclerotic plaque (Goldberg, 1982).

18. 2 Principle of FACE/Gel Retardation Assay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349 18. 3 Labelling of Oligosaccharides with ANTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 350 18. 4 Screening of Carbohydrate Ligands for Proteins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352 18. 5 Measurement of Binding Constant for the Interaction Between Protein and ANTS-Labelled Carbohydrate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355 18. 6 Measurement of Binding Constant for the Interaction Between Protein and Native Carbohydrate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 357 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 360 ~ The Application of Capillary Affinity Electrophoresis to the Analysis _ of Carbohydrate-Protein Interactions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 361 19. 1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 361 19. 2 Principle of CAE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 363 19. 3 Determination of Association Constants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 364 19. 4 Technical Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 366 General considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 366 19. 5 Limitations of the Technique . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 370 19. 6 Application of CAE to the Analysis of Carbohydrate-Protein Interactions . . . . . . 371 19. 7 Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 375 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 377 20. 1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 379 Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 380 20. 2 Technical Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 381 20. 3 Sample Detection and Sample Recovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 389 Autoradiography and staining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 389 Sample detection by blotting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 389 Semipreparative ACE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 390 20. 4 Analysis of Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 391 Measuring sample mobilities - calculating a retardation coefficient . . . . . . . . . . . . 391 Graphical analysis of data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 392 Interpreting ACE patterns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 393 Reverse ACE . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 395 20. 5 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 397 Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 398 References . . . .

Earlier efforts in the field of thermal analysis were concerned with the demonstration of the applicability of techniques to a broad spectrum of materials and to establish the relationship of such techniques with other more accepted method. While such efforts will and should continue, the Third International Conference was unique in that the first standards were disclosed for differential thermal analysis. This was the culmination of the international, cooperative effort of the ICTA's Standardization Committee. The standards currently are available from the United State's National Bureau of Standards. Thus, thermal analysis can be considered to have attained its majority. Reali zation of full maturity can be expected in the near future. Inclusion of plenary lectures in these volumes represents a significant de parture from previous Conferences. This change is the result of the ICTA's recognition of its educational responsibilities. In the Foreword of the Proceedings of the Second Inernational Conference, Professor L. Berg expressed the hope that thermal methods of analysis would find wider application in science and technology. The citation above, together with the papers presented, indicate the fulfillment of this hope. Xerox Corporation C.B. Murphy Rochester, N. Y., U.S.A. President, ICTA, 1968-1971 XIII PREFACE For the past two decades thermo analytical methods have reached a stage of considerable importance, which is particularly due to the developments in the area of instrumentation."

Der Band enthalt Manuskripte zu Vortragen, die auf einer von den Herausgebern geleiteten Tagung tiber Numerische Methoden der Approximationstheorie am Mathematischen Forschungsinstitut Ober wolfach in der Zeit vom 18. -24. Januar 1981 gehalten wurden. Das Spektrum der Vortrage reichte von der klassischen Approximations theorie tiber mehrdimensionale Approximationsverfahren bis hin zu praxisbezogenen Fragestellungen. Zu den zuerst genannten Gebieten gehorten z. B. die Verfeinerung von Fehlerabschatzungen bei der Polynominterpolation, Fragen zur Eindeutigkeit, Charakterisierung optimaler Interpolationsprozesse und Algorithmen zur rationalen Interpolation. Bei den weiteren genannten Gebieten spiegel ten zahlreiche Vortrage das steigende Interesse an der mehrdimensio nalen Interpolation, insbesondere mit verschiedenen Arten von Splines wider. Hier standen u. a. Probleme der Parameterschatzung in der Medizin und Flugtechnik, Fragen der Approximationstheorie bei der Konstruktion von Plottern und stabile Algorithmen beim Arbeiten mit mehrdimensionalen B-Splines im Mittelpunkt des Interesses. Die Tagung lieferte einen reprasentativen Ueberblick tiber die aktuellen Trends in der Approximationstheorie. Zum guten Erfolg der Tagung trug wie immer die hervorragende Be treuung durch die Mitarbeiter und Angestellten des Instituts so-' wie das verstandnisvolle Entgegenkommen des Institutsdirektors, Herrn Professor Dr. Barner, bei. Un serer besonderer Dank gilt dem Birkhauser Verlag ftir die wie stets sehr gute Ausstattung. Helmut Werner Lothar Collatz Gtinther Meinardus Hamburg Mannheim Bonn 7 INDEX Blatt, H. -P. Strenge Eindeutigkeitskonstanten und Fehlerabschatzungen bei linearer Tschebyscheff-Approximation 9 Bohmer, K. Polynom- und Spline-Interpolation (Ein Farbfilm) 26 Brannigan, M. A Multivariate Adaptive Data Fitting Algorithm 30 Brass, H. Zur numerischen Berechnung konjugierter Funktionen 43 Bultheel, A.