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Continuing the Respiratory Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy series, this volume explores the pathophysiology and therapy of rhinitis. The various causes and the types of rhinitis - such as allergic, vasomotor, and infectious - are discussed as are the treatments available (pharmacotherapy, immunotherapy, surgery).

The subject of this book is about the ubiquity of the Schur parameters, whose introduction goes back to a paper of I. Schur in 1917 concerning an interpolation problem of C. Caratheodory. What followed there appears to be a truly fascinating story which, however, should be told by a professional historian. Here we provide the reader with a simplified version, mostly related to the contents of the book. In the twenties, thf~ theory of orthogonal polynomials on the unit circle was developed by G. Szego and the formulae relating these polynomials involved num­ bers (usually called Szego parameters) similar to the Schur parameters. Mean­ while, R. Nevanlinna and G. Pick studied the theory of another interpolation problem, known since then as the Nevanlinna-Pick problem, and an algorithm similar to Schur's one was obtained by Nevanlinna. In 1957, Z. Nehari solved OO an L problem which contained both Caratheodory-Schur and Nevannlina-Pick problems as particular cases. Apparently unrelated work of H. Weyl, J. von Neu­ mann and K. Friedericks concerning selfadjoint extensions of symmetric operators was connected to interpolation by M. A. Naimark and M. G Krein using some gen­ eral dilation theoretic ideas. Classical moment problems, like the trigonometric moment and Hamburger moment problems, were also related to these topics and a comprehensive account of what can be called the classical period has appeared in the monograph of M. G. Krein and A. A. Nudelman, [KN].

This volume arises from the contributions presented at the MEGA 94 Con­ ference (Metodos Efectivos en Geomctria Algebraica = Effective Methods in Algebraic Geometry), held at the University of Cantabria (Santander, Spain) April 59, 1994. Previous sessions of this biannual conference had taken place in Castiglioncello (Livorno, Italy, 1990) and in Nice (France, 1992) and the cor­ responding proceedings have been published in the Birkhauser series Progress in Mathematics. volumes no. 94 and 109, respectively. The present collection consists of twenty articles involvillg miscellaneous topics concerning algorithms in algebra, algebraic geometry and related appli­ cations. Fourteen of these papers correspond to the contents of the Conference's regular scientific program and have been selected, by the MEGA Committee, from the submitted contributions after a very rigorous refereeing procedure entailing an average of three independent reports per paper and two Program Committee panel discussions before and after the Conference. The remaining six papers (by S. Beck & M. Kreuzer, M. Bronstein, E. V. Flvnn. 1. Itenberg, J.-P. Merlet and 1\1. Seppala) correspond to invited talks and have also been subject to a post-conference refereeing procedure.

This book is devoted to a new direction in linear algebra and operator theory that deals with the invariants of partially specified matrices and operators, and with the spectral analysis of their completions. The theory developed centers around two major problems concerning matrices of which part of the entries are given and the others are unspecified. The first is a classification problem and aims at a simplification of the given part with the help of admissible similarities. The results here may be seen as a far reaching generalization of the Jordan canonical form. The second problem is called the eigenvalue completion problem and asks to describe all possible eigenvalues and their multiplicities of the matrices which one obtains by filling in the unspecified entries. Both problems are also considered in an infinite dimensional operator framework. A large part of the book deals with applications to matrix theory and analysis, namely to stabilization problems in mathematical system theory, to problems of Wiener-Hopf factorization and interpolation for matrix polynomials and rational matrix functions, to the Kronecker structure theory of linear pencils, and to non­ everywhere defined operators. The eigenvalue completion problem has a natural associated inverse, which appears as a restriction problem. The analysis of these two problems is often simpler when a solution of the corresponding classification problem is available.

The Bochner-Martinelli integral representation for holomorphic functions or'sev eral complex variables (which has already become classical) appeared in the works of Martinelli and Bochner at the beginning of the 1940's.

This volume contains the proceedings of the International Conference on "Par­ tial Differential Equations" held in HolzhaujErzgebirge, Germany, July 3~9, 1994. The conference was sponsored by the Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, the Deutsche For­ schungsgemeinschaft, the Land Brandenburg and the Freistaat Sachsen. It was initiated by the Max-Planck-Research Group "Partielle Differential­ gleichungen und Komplexe Analysis" at the University of Potsdam as one of the annual meetings of the research group. This conference is part of a series begun by the former Karl-Weierstraf3-Institute of Mathematics in Berlin, with the confer­ ences in Ludwigsfelde 1976, Reinhardsbrunn 1985, Holzhau 1988 (proceedings in the Teubner Texte zur Mathematik 112, Teubner-Verlag 1989), Breitenbrunn 1990 (proceedings in the Teubner Texte zur Mathematik 131, Teubner-Verlag 1992), and Lambrecht 1991 (proceedings in Operator Theory: Advances and Applications, Vol. 57, Birkhiiuser Verlag 1992); subsequent conferences took place in Potsdam in 1992 and 1993 under the auspices of the Max-Planck-Research Group "Partielle Differentialgleichungen und Komplexe Analysis" at the University of Potsdam. It was the intention of the organizers to bring together specialists from differ­ ent areas of modern analysis, geometry and mathematical physics to discuss not only recent progress in the respective disciplines but also to encourage interaction between these fields. The scientific advisory board of the Holzhau conference consisted of S. Al­ beverio (Bochum), L. Boutet de Monvel (Paris), M. Demuth (Clausthal), P. Gilkey (Eugene), B. Gramsch (Mainz), B. Helffer (Paris), S.T. Kuroda (Tokyo), B.-W. Schulze (Potsdam).

This is the sixth published volume of the Israel Seminar on Geometric Aspects of Functional Analysis. The previous volumes are 1983-84 published privately by Tel Aviv University 1985-86 Springer Lecture Notes, Vol. 1267 1986-87 Springer Lecture Notes, Vol. 1317 1987-88 Springer Lecture Notes, Vol. 1376 1989-90 Springer Lecture Notes, Vol. 1469 As in the previous vC!lumes the central subject of -this volume is Banach space theory in its various aspects. In view of the spectacular development in infinite-dimensional Banach space theory in recent years (like the solution of the hyperplane problem, the unconditional basic sequence problem and the distortion problem in Hilbert space) it is quite natural that the present volume contains substantially more contributions in this direction than the previous volumes. This volume also contains many important contributions in the "traditional directions" of this seminar such as probabilistic methods in functional analysis, non-linear theory, harmonic analysis and especially the local theory of Banach spaces and its connection to classical convexity theory in IRn. The papers in this volume are original research papers and include an invited survey by Alexander Olevskii of Kolmogorov's work on Fourier analysis (which was presented at a special meeting on the occasion of the 90th birthday of A. N. Kol­ mogorov). We are very grateful to Mrs. M. Hercberg for her generous help in many directions, which made the publication of this volume possible. Joram Lindenstrauss, Vitali Milman 1992-1994 Operator Theory: Advances and Applications, Vol.

"Stress-Inducible Cellular Responses" are essential for survival of cells of all species under adverse conditions. At the molecular level this is ac­ complished by a number of essential proteins all of which are involved in various aspects of cellular homeostasis through protective or adaptive func­ tions. Interestingly, molecules such as heat shock proteins have properties as molecular chaperones and are involved in multiple stages of a protein biogenesis beginning with synthesis and involvement in the subsequent events of folding, translocation, and degradation. Heat shock proteins have a critical role to stabilize folding intermediates and to prevent protein aggregation. In addition, stress-proteins serve as targets for immune re­ sponses in immune homeostasis and during infections. The term Stress Response reflects the rapid growth and breadth of this field which includes the molecular and cellular response to drugs, UV irra­ diation, oxidative stress, and environmental toxins. Radical scavengers such as superoxide dismutases and inducible regulatory proteins of metall­ ic ion status such as ferritin and protein disulfide isomerases are also con­ sidered within the frame of stress proteins and represent a new and growing class of stress responses.

New methods for solving classical problems in the theory of nonlinear operator equations (solvability, multiple solutions, bifurcations, nonlinear resonance, potential methods, etc) are introduced and discussed. In particular, the problem on forced periodic oscillations is considered for equations arising in control theory.

Der Astronom F.W. Bessel gilt zusammen mit dem Mathematiker C.G.J. Jacobi und dem Physiker Franz Neumann als Begründer der sogenannten 'Königsberger Schule', die auf die Universitäten in Deutsch- land, aber auch in Russland und im gesamten osteuropäischen Raum, einen grossen Einfluss hatte. Als Autodidakt erwarb sich Bessel schon in jungen Jahren mit seinen astronomischen Arbeiten die Anerkennung der führenden Gelehrten seiner Zeit. Nachdem er als Professor an die Albertina nach Königsberg berufen worden war, erhielt er bereits mit 27 Jahren auf Betreiben von Gauss die Ehren- doktorwürde der Universität Göttingen. Ihm wurde die Planung und der Bau der Königsberger Sternwarte übertragen, die sich unter seiner Leitung zu einem internationalen Zentrum der Astronomie entwickelte. Bessel leistete aber nicht nur in der Astronomie und der Geodäsie Bedeutendes, sondern auch in der Theoretischen Mathematik. Diese Biographie beschränkt sich nicht auf die Schilderung der wissenschaftlichen Leistungen Bessels, sondern stellt ihn auch als Mensch und Persönlichkeit vor. Besondere Aufmerksamkeit widmet das Buch den engen wissenschaftlichen und persönlichen Be- ziehungen, die Bessel, nachdem er schon in jungen Jahren in die Petersburger Akademie aufgenommen worden war, zur russischen Wissenschaft und zu den russischen Wissenschaftlern entwickelt hat. Engagiert und lebendig schildert der Autor Bessels Lebensgeschichte und versucht, Bessels zahlreiche, weitgespannte wissenschaftliche Arbeiten und Leistungen auch dem Nichtfachmann verständlich und spannend darzustellen.

The aim of the present book is to propose a new algebraic approach to the study of norm stability of operator sequences which arise, for example, via discretization of singular integral equations on composed curves.

The role of electric and magnetic fields in biological systems forms the focus of this second volume in the Bioelectrochemistry series. Finally, the effects of magnetic fields on living systems and of low-frequency electromagnetic fields on cell metabolism are also considered.

This book consists of a series of reviews on selected topics within the rapidly and vastly expanding field of membrane biology. Its aim is to highlight the most significant and important advances that have been made in recent years in understanding the structure, dynamics, and functions of cell membranes. The progress that is being made in research in this field is due to the application of integrated experimental ap­ proaches, utilizing sophisticated and novel techniques in molecular biology, cell biology, biophysics and biochemistry. Due to the advances made, many problems have been or are being solved at the molecular level. With the help of an Editorial Advisory Board consisting of Jean-Pierre Changeux (Paris), Paolo Comoglio (Torino), Rainer Jaenicke (Regens­ burg), Sten Orrenius (Stockholm), Lorenzo Pinna (Padova), Konrad Sandhoff (Bonn), and Gottfried Schatz (Basel), we have selected a number of topics in areas in which progress has been particularly rapid, and have invited internationally acknowledged experts in the field to review these topics. The areas covered in this monograph are: 1) Signal transduction; 2) Membrane traffic: Proteins and lipids; 3) Bioenergetics: Energy transfer and membrane transport; 4) Cellular ion homeostasis; 5) Growth factors and adhesion molecules; 6) Structural analysis of mem­ brane proteins; and 7) Membranes and disease.

The aim of this book is to present up-to-date methodologies in the analysis and optimization of the elastic stability of lightweight statically determinate, and in- determinate, space structures made of flexible members which are highly stiff when loaded centrally at the nodes.

Volume II focuses on the state-of-the-art technologies and applications of various types of sensors. A picture thus emerges of how applications can be expanded in the future and novel markets can be opened up.

This volume contains a selection of papers on modern operator theory and its applications, arising from a joint workshop on linear one-dimensional singular integral equations. The book is of interest to a wide audience in the mathematical and engineering sciences.

The papers selected for publication here, many of them written by leaders in the field, bring readers up to date on recent achievements in modern operator theory and applications. The book's subject matter is of practical use to a wide audience in mathematical and engineering sciences.

This volume contains the proceedings of the vVorkshop on Trees held in Versailles on 14-16 June 1995. Why: a workshop on trees? Two main reasons motivated this workshop. First, the current plethora of tree representations in branching processes which has be­ come obvious by the Minneapolis IMA Congress Classica] and Modern Branching Processes in 1994. But this would not have been sufficient to organize an "n-th" congress on branching processes. Secondly, regular discussions with researchers in algebra and computing sciences at the University of Versailles and at INRIA (lnstitut National de Recherche en Informatique et Automatique) convinced us it would be fruitful to offer the workers in these different fields the opportunity to exchange their points of view on the subject. The organizers being probabilists, a large part of the meeting (two sessions) was devoted t~ probability theor:y (not only branching processes). Nevertheless, the other three sessions focused on algorithms, on ultrametric and combinatorial aspects of trees and on disordered systems. Most papers in this volume are both of high level and of pedagogical interest. They are intended for a large public, including graduate students looking for an initiation to tree structures. The papers have been grouped into four sections: - disordered systems, - probability and trees, - large deviations, - ultrametric and algebraic aspects of trees. Some of the speakers are, unfortunately, not represented in this volume.

Boundary value problems for elliptic differential-difference equations have some astonishing properties. The book is addresssed to graduate students and researchers in partial differential equations and functional differential equations.

It is well known that a wealth of problems of different nature, applied as well as purely theoretic, can be reduced to the study of elliptic equations and their eigen-values. This book also has no general information in common with the books by Egorov and Shubin [EgShu], which also deal with spectral properties of elliptic operators.

In order to answer Schroedinger's question, the book takes three distinct approaches, dealt with in separate chapters: transformation by means of a multiplicative functional, projection by means of relative entropy, and variation of a functional associated to pairs of non-linear integral equations.

Der heutige Hochschulunterricht für Mathematiker gründet meist auf Abstraktion und führt vom Allgemeinen zum Speziellen. Die Methode hat Vorteile, sie stärkt das Denkvermögen und meidet lästige Wiederholungen. Doch sie "stellt den Pflug vor die Ochsen", weil Abstraktion auf Spezialfälle baut, die dem Lernenden oft fremd sind. So bleibt der Erfolg den Glücklichen vorbehalten, die den Weg von der Abstraktion zu den Beispielen finden. Dieses Lehrbuch führt von zwei Spezialfällen zur Allgemeinheit und gründet nicht auf Abstraktion. Die Beweise der abstrakten Algebra werden zuerst am konkreten Beispiel der Matrizen vorgeführt. Zur Schärfung der Anschauung wird dann die Begriffswelt der Elementargeometrie durchleuchtet. Die Auseinandersetzung mit dem Lehrstoff der Schule dient der Vorbereitung auf die geometrisch gefärbte Sprache der linearen Algebra, die am Ende des Buches erläutert wird. Dem Text sind Anwendungsbeispiele und zahlreiche historische Kommentare beigefügt.

Functional Analysis is a comprehensive, 2-volume treatment of a subject lying at the core of modern analysis and mathemati- cal physics. Volume II moves on to more ad- vanced topics including unbounded operators, spectral decomposition, expansion in generalized eigenvectors, rigged spaces, and partial differential operators.

The volume contains both general and research papers. Among the first ones are papers showing recent and original developments or methods in subjects such as resolution of singularities, D-module theory, singularities of maps and geometry of curves. The research papers deal on topics related to, or close to, those listed_above. The contributions are organized in three parts according to their contents. Part I presents a set of papers on resolution of singularities, a topic of renewed activity. It deals with important topics of current interest, such as canonical, algorithmic, combinatorial and graphical procedures (Villamayor, Oka, Marijmin), as well as special results on desingularization in characteristic p (Cossart, Moh), and connections between resolution and structure of the space of arcs through a singularity (Gonz81ez-Sprinberg-Lejeune-Jalabert). Part II contains a series of papers on the study~of singularities and its connections with differential systems and deformation or perturbation theo­ ries. Two expository papers (Maisonobe-Briam;on, :'vlebkhout) describe, in an algebro-geometric way, the interaction between singularities and D-module t.he­ ory including recent progress on Bernstein polynomials and Newton polygon techniques. Geometry of foliations (Henaut, Garcfa-Reguera), polar varieties and stratifications (Hajto) are also topics treated here. Two other papers (Wall, Greuel-Pfister) deal with quasihomogeneous singularities in the contexts of per­ turbations and moduli spaces. Globalization of deformations of singularities (de Jong) and determination of complex topology from the real one (~10nd) com­ plete this series of papers. Part III consists of papers on algebraic geometry of curves and surfaces.

Central to this collection of papers are new developments in the general theory of localization of spaces. Several comprehensive articles on general localization clarify the basic tools and give a report on the state of the art in the subject matter.

Two events have recently improved the prospects of protecting fish and their environment in Switzerland: the acceptance of a new Federal Water Protection Law in the plebiscite of May 17th 1992, and the new Federal Legislation on Fisheries, in force since January 1st 1994.

1 Aim and General Description of the Anthology The purpose of this anthology is to introduce the English speaking public to the wide spectrum of texts authored predominently by physicists portraying the ac­ tual and perceived role of physics in the Nazi state. Up to now no broad and well­ balanced documentation of German physics during this time has been available in English, despite the significant role physics has played both politically (e. g. , in weaponry planning) and ideologically (e. g. , in the controversy over the value of theoretical ('Jewish') vs. experimental ('Aryan') physics), and even though prominent figures like the scientist-philosopher and emigre Albert Einstein and the controversial nuclear physicist Werner Heisenberg have become household names. This anthology will attempt to bridge this gap by presenting contempo­ rary documents and eye-witness accounts by the physicists themselves. Authors were chosen to represent the various political opinions and specialties within the physics community, omitting some of the more readily accessible texts by leading physicists (e. g. , Einstein, Heisenberg, Lenard) in favor of those by less well-known but nonetheless important figures (e. g. , Finkelnburg, Max Wien, Ramsauer). In this way we hope not only to circumvent the constricted 'Great Men' approach to history but also to offer a broader picture of the activities and conflicts within the field and the effects of the political forces exerted upon them.

Optimal synthesis, light scattering, and diffraction on a ribbon are just some of the applied problems for which integral equations with difference kernels are employed. The same equations are also met in important mathematical problems such as inverse spectral problems, nonlinear integral equations, and factorization of operators.On the basis of the operator identity method, the theory of integral operators with difference kernels is developed here, and the connection with many applied and theoretical problems is studied. A number of important examples are analyzed.