Bücher veröffentlicht von Springer Basel

The role of electric and magnetic fields in biological systems forms the focus of this second volume in the Bioelectrochemistry series. Finally, the effects of magnetic fields on living systems and of low-frequency electromagnetic fields on cell metabolism are also considered.

This book consists of a series of reviews on selected topics within the rapidly and vastly expanding field of membrane biology. Its aim is to highlight the most significant and important advances that have been made in recent years in understanding the structure, dynamics, and functions of cell membranes. The progress that is being made in research in this field is due to the application of integrated experimental ap­ proaches, utilizing sophisticated and novel techniques in molecular biology, cell biology, biophysics and biochemistry. Due to the advances made, many problems have been or are being solved at the molecular level. With the help of an Editorial Advisory Board consisting of Jean-Pierre Changeux (Paris), Paolo Comoglio (Torino), Rainer Jaenicke (Regens­ burg), Sten Orrenius (Stockholm), Lorenzo Pinna (Padova), Konrad Sandhoff (Bonn), and Gottfried Schatz (Basel), we have selected a number of topics in areas in which progress has been particularly rapid, and have invited internationally acknowledged experts in the field to review these topics. The areas covered in this monograph are: 1) Signal transduction; 2) Membrane traffic: Proteins and lipids; 3) Bioenergetics: Energy transfer and membrane transport; 4) Cellular ion homeostasis; 5) Growth factors and adhesion molecules; 6) Structural analysis of mem­ brane proteins; and 7) Membranes and disease.

The aim of this book is to present up-to-date methodologies in the analysis and optimization of the elastic stability of lightweight statically determinate, and in- determinate, space structures made of flexible members which are highly stiff when loaded centrally at the nodes.

Volume II focuses on the state-of-the-art technologies and applications of various types of sensors. A picture thus emerges of how applications can be expanded in the future and novel markets can be opened up.

This volume contains a selection of papers on modern operator theory and its applications, arising from a joint workshop on linear one-dimensional singular integral equations. The book is of interest to a wide audience in the mathematical and engineering sciences.

The papers selected for publication here, many of them written by leaders in the field, bring readers up to date on recent achievements in modern operator theory and applications. The book's subject matter is of practical use to a wide audience in mathematical and engineering sciences.

This volume contains the proceedings of the vVorkshop on Trees held in Versailles on 14-16 June 1995. Why: a workshop on trees? Two main reasons motivated this workshop. First, the current plethora of tree representations in branching processes which has be­ come obvious by the Minneapolis IMA Congress Classica] and Modern Branching Processes in 1994. But this would not have been sufficient to organize an "n-th" congress on branching processes. Secondly, regular discussions with researchers in algebra and computing sciences at the University of Versailles and at INRIA (lnstitut National de Recherche en Informatique et Automatique) convinced us it would be fruitful to offer the workers in these different fields the opportunity to exchange their points of view on the subject. The organizers being probabilists, a large part of the meeting (two sessions) was devoted t~ probability theor:y (not only branching processes). Nevertheless, the other three sessions focused on algorithms, on ultrametric and combinatorial aspects of trees and on disordered systems. Most papers in this volume are both of high level and of pedagogical interest. They are intended for a large public, including graduate students looking for an initiation to tree structures. The papers have been grouped into four sections: - disordered systems, - probability and trees, - large deviations, - ultrametric and algebraic aspects of trees. Some of the speakers are, unfortunately, not represented in this volume.

Boundary value problems for elliptic differential-difference equations have some astonishing properties. The book is addresssed to graduate students and researchers in partial differential equations and functional differential equations.

It is well known that a wealth of problems of different nature, applied as well as purely theoretic, can be reduced to the study of elliptic equations and their eigen-values. This book also has no general information in common with the books by Egorov and Shubin [EgShu], which also deal with spectral properties of elliptic operators.

In order to answer Schroedinger's question, the book takes three distinct approaches, dealt with in separate chapters: transformation by means of a multiplicative functional, projection by means of relative entropy, and variation of a functional associated to pairs of non-linear integral equations.

Der heutige Hochschulunterricht für Mathematiker gründet meist auf Abstraktion und führt vom Allgemeinen zum Speziellen. Die Methode hat Vorteile, sie stärkt das Denkvermögen und meidet lästige Wiederholungen. Doch sie "stellt den Pflug vor die Ochsen", weil Abstraktion auf Spezialfälle baut, die dem Lernenden oft fremd sind. So bleibt der Erfolg den Glücklichen vorbehalten, die den Weg von der Abstraktion zu den Beispielen finden. Dieses Lehrbuch führt von zwei Spezialfällen zur Allgemeinheit und gründet nicht auf Abstraktion. Die Beweise der abstrakten Algebra werden zuerst am konkreten Beispiel der Matrizen vorgeführt. Zur Schärfung der Anschauung wird dann die Begriffswelt der Elementargeometrie durchleuchtet. Die Auseinandersetzung mit dem Lehrstoff der Schule dient der Vorbereitung auf die geometrisch gefärbte Sprache der linearen Algebra, die am Ende des Buches erläutert wird. Dem Text sind Anwendungsbeispiele und zahlreiche historische Kommentare beigefügt.

Functional Analysis is a comprehensive, 2-volume treatment of a subject lying at the core of modern analysis and mathemati- cal physics. Volume II moves on to more ad- vanced topics including unbounded operators, spectral decomposition, expansion in generalized eigenvectors, rigged spaces, and partial differential operators.

The volume contains both general and research papers. Among the first ones are papers showing recent and original developments or methods in subjects such as resolution of singularities, D-module theory, singularities of maps and geometry of curves. The research papers deal on topics related to, or close to, those listed_above. The contributions are organized in three parts according to their contents. Part I presents a set of papers on resolution of singularities, a topic of renewed activity. It deals with important topics of current interest, such as canonical, algorithmic, combinatorial and graphical procedures (Villamayor, Oka, Marijmin), as well as special results on desingularization in characteristic p (Cossart, Moh), and connections between resolution and structure of the space of arcs through a singularity (Gonz81ez-Sprinberg-Lejeune-Jalabert). Part II contains a series of papers on the study~of singularities and its connections with differential systems and deformation or perturbation theo­ ries. Two expository papers (Maisonobe-Briam;on, :'vlebkhout) describe, in an algebro-geometric way, the interaction between singularities and D-module t.he­ ory including recent progress on Bernstein polynomials and Newton polygon techniques. Geometry of foliations (Henaut, Garcfa-Reguera), polar varieties and stratifications (Hajto) are also topics treated here. Two other papers (Wall, Greuel-Pfister) deal with quasihomogeneous singularities in the contexts of per­ turbations and moduli spaces. Globalization of deformations of singularities (de Jong) and determination of complex topology from the real one (~10nd) com­ plete this series of papers. Part III consists of papers on algebraic geometry of curves and surfaces.

Central to this collection of papers are new developments in the general theory of localization of spaces. Several comprehensive articles on general localization clarify the basic tools and give a report on the state of the art in the subject matter.

Two events have recently improved the prospects of protecting fish and their environment in Switzerland: the acceptance of a new Federal Water Protection Law in the plebiscite of May 17th 1992, and the new Federal Legislation on Fisheries, in force since January 1st 1994.

1 Aim and General Description of the Anthology The purpose of this anthology is to introduce the English speaking public to the wide spectrum of texts authored predominently by physicists portraying the ac­ tual and perceived role of physics in the Nazi state. Up to now no broad and well­ balanced documentation of German physics during this time has been available in English, despite the significant role physics has played both politically (e. g. , in weaponry planning) and ideologically (e. g. , in the controversy over the value of theoretical ('Jewish') vs. experimental ('Aryan') physics), and even though prominent figures like the scientist-philosopher and emigre Albert Einstein and the controversial nuclear physicist Werner Heisenberg have become household names. This anthology will attempt to bridge this gap by presenting contempo­ rary documents and eye-witness accounts by the physicists themselves. Authors were chosen to represent the various political opinions and specialties within the physics community, omitting some of the more readily accessible texts by leading physicists (e. g. , Einstein, Heisenberg, Lenard) in favor of those by less well-known but nonetheless important figures (e. g. , Finkelnburg, Max Wien, Ramsauer). In this way we hope not only to circumvent the constricted 'Great Men' approach to history but also to offer a broader picture of the activities and conflicts within the field and the effects of the political forces exerted upon them.

Optimal synthesis, light scattering, and diffraction on a ribbon are just some of the applied problems for which integral equations with difference kernels are employed. The same equations are also met in important mathematical problems such as inverse spectral problems, nonlinear integral equations, and factorization of operators.On the basis of the operator identity method, the theory of integral operators with difference kernels is developed here, and the connection with many applied and theoretical problems is studied. A number of important examples are analyzed.

New trends in free boundary problems and new mathematical tools together with broadening areas of applications have led to attempts at presenting the state of art of the field in a unified way.

Das Riemannsche Integral lernen schon die Schüler kennen, die Theorien der reellen und der komplexen Funktionen bauen auf wichtigen Begriffsbildungen und Sätzen Riemanns auf, die Riemannsche Geometrie ist für Einsteins Gravitationstheorie und ihre Erweiterungen unentbehrlich, und in der Zahlentheorie ist die berühmte Riemannsche Vermutung noch immer offen. Riemann und sein um fünf Jahre jüngerer Freund Richard Dedekind sahen sich als Schüler von Gauss und Dirichlet. Um die Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts leiteten sie den Übergang zur "modernen Mathematik" ein, der eine in Analysis und Geometrie, der andere in der Algebra mit der Hinwendung zu Mengen und Strukturen. Dieses Buch ist der erste Versuch, Riemanns wissenschaftliches Werk unter einem einheitlichen Gesichtspunkt zusammenzufassend darzustellen. Riemann gilt als einer der Philosophen unter den Mathematikern. Er stellte das Denken in Begriffen neben die zuvor vorherrschende algorithmische Auffassung von der Mathematik, welche die Gegenstände der Untersuchung, in Formeln und Figuren, in Termumformungen und regelhaften Konstruktionen als die allein legitimen Methoden sah. David Hilbert hat als Riemanns Grundsatz herausgestellt, die Beweise nicht durch Rechnung, sondern lediglich durch Gedanken zu zwingen. Hermann Weyl sah als das Prinzip Riemanns in Mathematik und Physik, "die Welt als das erkenntnistheoretische Motiv..., die Welt aus ihrem Verhalten im un- endlich kleinen zu verstehen."

This book brings together wide-ranging recent findings on the structure(function relationships, gene regulation, and genetic defects of the alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complexes, namely the pyruvate dehydrogenase, alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase and the branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complexes.

Unter den Gattungen der antiken Literatur ist nach Jahren der Ver­ nachUissigung in der letzten Zeit ein besonderes Interesse am griechisch­ romischen Roman festzustellen. Die vom 27. -31. Marz 1995 im Centro Stefano Franscini von den beiden Unterzeichnenden organisierte Tagung wollte diesem neu erwachten Interesse in zweifacher Weise gerecht wer­ den: Einerseits wollten wir ein Forum bieten, urn die oft kontroversen Forschungsstandpunkte zu diskutieren und dadurch eventuell neue Mog­ lichkeiten des Zugangs zu den erzahlenden Texten der Antike zu erOff­ nen, andrerseits sollten die vielfaltigen Beziehungen zwischen den antiken und mittelalterlichen Erzahlformen in interdisziplinarer Zusammenarbeit von Klassischen Philologen, Byzantinisten, Mediavisten und Romanisten erhellt werden. Die in dem vorliegenden Band publizierten Beitrage, die Uberarbeiteten Fassungen der auf dem Monte Verita gehaltenen Vortrage, belegen, so hoffen wir, die auBerst ertragreiche und anregende Zusam­ menarbeit der verschiedenen an der Tagung beteiligten literaturwissen­ schaftlichen Disziplinen. An dieser Stelle seien einige Worte des Dankes gestattet: Dem Centro Stefano Franscini und der ETH ZUrieh sei gedankt flir die Gastfreund­ schaft, die uns auf dem Monte Verita zuteil wurde, und fUr die Uberaus groBzUgige finanzielle UnterstUtzung, ohne die die Tagung nie hatte statt­ finden konnen. Frau Katia Bastianelli hat durch ihren nie ermUdenden Einsatz den reibungslosen Ablauf der Tagung moglich gemacht. Die ZUr­ cher Mitarbeiter, Tatiana Crivelli und Johannes Bartuschat, haben sich sowohl im Vorfeld der Tagung als auch in der redaktionellen Arbeit am vorliegenden Tagungsband selbstlos eingesetzt.

This is the first volume of the procedings of the second European Congress of Mathematics. Volume I presents the speeches delivered at the Congress, the list of lectures, and short summaries of the achievements of the prize winners. Together with volume II it contains a collection of contributions by the invited lecturers.

This involves both the molecular design of new drugs as well as an improved understanding of how established drugs act.

Oxidative stress and aging Over the past several years there has been an extraordinarily rapid growth in our knowledge of free radical chemistry and its possible involvement in both normal essential biology and age­ related disease and dysfunction. Much of this growth in the traditionally separate sciences of chemistry and molecular gerontology occurred independently, with little interaction or communi­ cation between the scientists working in these two fields. In view of the growing maturity of the two fields and the potential importance of advancing our knowledge in the area of oxidative stress and aging, we perceived a critical need to organize an international conference the "First Inter­ national Conference on Oxidative Stress and Aging" in Hawaii in 1994 to bring together the world's leading scientists in the fields of reactive oxygen species and molecular gerontology. The objective of this conference was to provide a unique opportunity for scholars working in these two related and rapidly growing fields to participate in the exchange, integration, and synthesis of new concepts and ideas, to engage in constructive criticism and to initiate new collaborative research projects. The conference focused on the molecular and cellular aspects of aging as related to oxidative stress. It was one of the largest and most comprehensive international conferences held in molecular gerontology. At this conference a call was made for submission of papers to be used in the publication of a book covering the major contributions of the meeting.

Volume 45 of "Progress in Drug Research" contains eight reviews and the various indexes which facilitate its use and establish the connection with the previous volumes.

Contents: V. Zingel, C. Leschke and W. Schunack: Developments in research on histamine (H1) receptor agonists / P.D. Hoeprich: Antifungal chemotherapy / G. de Stevens: The diversity of heterocyclic compounds and their biological activities / R.M. Schultz: Newer antifolate compounds in cancer therapy / P.K. Mehrotra, S. Batra and A.P. Bhadun: Non-steroidal agents for regulation of the menstrual cycle / A.K. Saxena and M. Saxena: Developments in anti-convulsant drugs

The con cept of transfer of genetic information as a practical clinical tool arose from the gene-cloning technology, developed during the 1970s. Within a decade, pharma ceutical-grade insulin, interferon, interleukin 2 and tumour necrosis factor were all involved in clinical trials.

This book deals with evolutionary systems whose equation of state can be formulated as a linear Volterra equation in a Banach space. The main feature of the kernels involved is that they consist of unbounded linear operators. The aim is a coherent presentation of the state of art of the theory including detailed proofs and its applications to problems from mathematical physics, such as viscoelasticity, heat conduction, and electrodynamics with memory. The importance of evolutionary integral equations which form a larger class than do evolution equations stems from such applications and therefore special emphasis is placed on these. A number of models are derived and, by means of the developed theory, discussed thoroughly. An annotated bibliography containing 450 entries increases the book's value as an incisive reference text. ---This excellent book presents a general approach to linear evolutionary systems, with an emphasis on infinite-dimensional systems with time delays, such as those occurring in linear viscoelasticity with or without thermal effects. It gives a very natural and mature extension of the usual semigroup approach to a more general class of infinite-dimensional evolutionary systems. This is the first appearance in the form of a monograph of this recently developed theory. A substantial part of the results are due to the author, or are even new. ( It is not a book that one reads in a few days. Rather, it should be considered as an investment with lasting value. (Zentralblatt MATH)In this book, the author, who has been at the forefront of research on these problems for the last decade, has collected, and in many places extended, the known theory for these equations. In addition, he has provided a framework that allows one to relate and evaluate diverse results in the literature. (Mathematical Reviews)This book constitutes a highly valuable addition to the existing literature on the theory of Volterra (evolutionary) integral equations and their applications in physics and engineering. ( and for the first time the stress is on the infinite-dimensional case. (SIAM Reviews)

Ibuprofen is one of the most successful drugs used worldwide for the treatment of mild to moderate pain and various inflammatory conditions. Over the past 40 years, ibuprofen has been proven to be as safe or even safer and also as effective as the established non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and the coxibs. This well-written book reviews the pharmacology, clinical uses and the various adverse effects of Ibuprofen, the disposition and unique modes of action in relation to clinical effects of the drug as well as various formulations. The use of combinations with other drugs (e.g. paracetamol, codeine, caffeine) are critically assessed and the impact of natural products and Chinese Medicines on the safety of ibuprofen.

The conference Operator Theory, Analysis and Mathematical Physics - OTAMP is a regular biennial event devoted to mathematical problems on the border between analysis and mathematical physics.