Bücher veröffentlicht von Springer International Publishing

This interdisciplinary monograph in philosophy of medicine examines models of explanation in health science and their relation with current medical trends, such as personalized and person-centered medicine. Medicine has provided challenging case studies for the general philosophy of science that have prompted rethinking of a wide range of philosophical notions - such as scientific law, theory and evidence - and contributed to the elaboration of pluralistic approaches to modeling, causality and explanation. The health sciences have increasingly recognized the role of philosophy of medicine as both a field of conceptual and methodological reflection, capable of addressing practical issues, and hence relevant for a proper understanding of the construction of medical knowledge, modeling practices, therapeutic strategies and preventive decisions.'Explaining Disease' contains various case studies in medicine to describe the assumptions underpinning the construction of explanatory models of diseases. It shows the impact different explanatory strategies can have on practical matters, which in turn affect clinical evaluation and therapy and public health decisions. The book concludes with a few open-ended reflections to foster more thorough consideration of the role of philosophy of medicine can play its dialogue with the health sciences.

This textbook presents the fundamental concepts and theories in electromagnetic theory in a very simple, systematic, and comprehensive way. The book is written in a lucid manner so that they are able to understand the realization behind the mathematical concepts which are the backbone of this subject. All the subject fundamentals and related derivations are discussed in an easy and comprehensive way to make the students strong about the basics of the electromagnetic theory. The philosophy of presentation and material content in the book is based on concept-based approach toward the subject. The key features also lies in the solutions of several interesting numerical problems so that the students should have the idea of the practical usages of the subject. The book benefits students who are taking introductory courses in electromagnetic wave and field theory for applications in communication engineering.

This volume builds upon the successful book Lanthanide Luminescence published in the Springer Series on Fluorescence in 2011. Since its publication, the field of lanthanide spectroscopy and the areas in which the light emission properties of the f-elements are used have experienced substantial advances. The luminescence properties of lanthanide ions make them unique candidates for a myriad of optical applications. This book highlights and reviews the latest research in areas ranging from luminescence thermometry to imaging, sensing and photonic applications of these fascinating elements. Each chapter provides a comprehensive introduction to a specific area of application of lanthanide luminescence and extensively reviews seminal papers and current research literature. Given its interdisciplinary scope, the book appeals to scientists and advanced students in physics, chemistry and materials science interested in compounds and materials with optical properties.

This book examines transitions from law school to the legal profession, and their impact on wellbeing. There is a significant body of evidence that suggests law student wellbeing is particularly problematic, partially due to the distinctive nature of law as a discipline. Similarly, there is a growing body of international evidence demonstrating poor levels of wellbeing within the legal profession, with lawyers suffering higher levels of stress, anxiety and depression than the general population. To date there has been no detailed consideration of the impact of these transitions on wellbeing, or discussion of the best ways to ameliorate any negative effects. This edited collection will explore a range of transitions, from entry into law school through to progression to managerial roles within the legal profession. Rather than focusing on discrete areas or chunks of time, this book focuses on the process of transitioning holistically.

This book presents novel statistics methods and reproducible software that helps to solve challenging problems in biomedicine. Specifically, it consists of a collection of 11 chapters contributed by some of the leading experts in the mathematical and statistical field which address new challenges in very disparate biomedical areas, such as genomics, cancer, circadian biology, microbiome, mental disorders, and more. The mathematical rigor is written in a user-friendly way to serve a general biomedical audience ranging from trainees or students to doctors, as well as scientific researchers, university departments, and PhD students.

This book offers supporting material for the comprehensive textbook Mathematical Physics¿A Modern Introduction to Its Foundations authored by Sadri Hassani. The book covers mathematical preliminaries and all of Part I in Hassani¿s textbook. The subjects covered here include the key topics necessary for physicists to form a solid mathematical foundation: vectors and linear maps, algebras, operators, matrices, and spectral decomposition. In particular, the vector space concept is a central unifying theme in later chapters of Hassani¿s textbook. Detailed solutions are provided to one third of the end-of-chapter exercises in the first six chapters of his text.The present volume helps upper-undergraduate and early postgraduate physics students deepen their understanding of the mathematics that they encounter in physics, learn physics more efficiently, and use mathematics with more confidence and creativity. The content is thus presented rigorously but remains accessible tophysics students.New exercises are also proposed, some with solutions, some without, so that the total number of unsolved exercises remains unchanged. They are chosen to help explain difficult concepts, amplify key points in Hassani's textbook, or make further connections with applications in physics. Taken together with Hassani's work, the two form a self-contained set and the solutions make detailed reference to Hassani's text. The solutions also refer to other mathematics and physics textbooks, providing entry points to further literature that finds a useful place in the physicist's personal library.

This book takes choreographer William Forsythe¿s choreographic and scenographic processes as a holistic lens through which to view dance as a fundamentally visuo-sonic art form and choreography as a form of perceptual experimentation. In doing so, it reveals how the made worlds within which postdramatic dance is situated influence how choreography is perceived. Resonating with ecological perspectives but also drawing on an extensive range of cognitive research approaches, the volume¿s choreo-scenographic perspective emphasizes the importance of considering the expanded scenography of lighting, sound, space, scenic elements, costume, and performer movement when analyzing the sensory and cognitive perception of dance. The volume provides a first book-length cognitive study of both an individual choreographer and the aesthetics of postdramatic theatre. It also satisfies a need for more dedicated scholarship on Forsythe, whose extensive and varied array of groundbreaking ballets and dance theater works for the Ballett Frankfurt (1984-2004), The Forsythe Company (2005-15), and as an independent choreographer have made him a key figure in 20th/21st century dance.

This book provides researchers in the fields of organic chemistry, organometallic chemistry and homogeneous catalysis with an overview of recent developments in the applications of reactions involving carbene and nitrene intermediates directed to the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds. Multiple pathways through which diverse heterocyclic compounds are accessed occur from a variety of carbene and nitrene precursors through C-H/X-H insertions, cycloadditions, ylide transformations, rearrangements, and cascade reactions. Catalytic processes that form metallo-carbenes and nitrenes offer unparalleled chemo-, regio-, and stereo-selectivities. Insights are provided into the scope of these methodologies and the inherent control of catalyst ligands on reaction selectivities.

Hegel and Speculative Realism has two main objectives. Firstly, to assess the speculative realist formulations of the real regarding the ¿withdrawn¿ object, radical contingency, the absolute register of extinction, and the current interest in ¿powers philosophy¿, with special attention to their possible relation to the absolute scope of Hegelian philosophy. Secondly, to invite the reader to reconsider Hegel in a new way; uncovering rare insights into his thoughts on astronomy, actuality, the concrete and non-being. Johns¿ inclination is to not mistake the necessary path to the absolute as the only path. Johns argues that Hegel describes the unique trajectory of the dialectical relationship between Nature and Idea as a Spirit oriented by both logical and physical (spatio-temporal) dimensions. Johns reads this as a theory of singularity and makes the bold claim that there may be other paths not taken by the Hegelian spatio-temporal path synonymous withthe dialectic; synthesis, sublation and unfolding. In-fact, speculative philosophy should not be satisfied to study only ¿what exists¿ but also what ¿could exist¿ or what it means to ¿inexist¿ and should entertain multiple modes of potential becoming between Hegel¿s initial triad of logical categories; Being, Non-Being and Becoming.

This comprehensive book discusses the field of Rhinoplasty from the basic sciences of anatomy and physiology to detailed assessment and application of surgical techniques. The text highlights the psychological aspects of pre- and post-operative Rhinoplasty, the important relationship between the patient and the surgeon, and finally the technical difficulties that surgeons may experience.Innovations in Rhinoplasty: Anatomy, Photography and Surgical Techniques includes innovative anatomical description of the alar base in relation to the orbicularis oris and the value of the newly discovered rim sill folds and the Inferior Vestibular Bands in alar base surgery. The scientific use of photography in Rhinoplasty which is no longer restricted to medico-legal documentation and pre- and post-operative observations is also discussed throughout the book. Equipment, set up and techniques are made simple and inexpensive so that a high standard photography is achieved by the surgeon or any trained personnel in a surprisingly small area in the office practice. In the surgical section of this clinical resource, simple, innovative conservative surgery to the nasal tip is highlighted as a technique to avoid directly stitching the middle crurae. Recognizing the different types of nasal skin plays a considerable role in alar base and nasal tip surgeries. Surgeons in Rhinoplasty seeking to further develop skills and knowledge in anatomy, photography and surgical techniques will find this book an essential read and resource in their daily clinical practice.

Transportation typically entails crucial "e;life-death"e; choices, delegating crucial decisions to an AI algorithm without any explanation poses a serious threat. Hence, explainability and responsible AI is crucial in the context of intelligent transportation. In Intelligence Transportation System (ITS) implementations such as traffic management systems and autonomous driving applications, AI-based control mechanisms are gaining prominence.Explainable artificial intelligence for intelligent transportation system tackling certain challenges in the field of autonomous vehicle, traffic management system, data integration and analytics and monitor the surrounding environment.The book discusses and inform researchers on explainable Intelligent Transportation system. It also discusses prospective methods and techniques for enabling the interpretability of transportation systems. The book further focuses on ethical considerations apart from technical considerations.

This book examines the recent changes in strategic stability, caused by the collapse of the international security architecture. Against the background of Russia's invasion of Ukraine, international experts discuss topics and critical issues such as the revanchist strategy of Russia and the readiness of the United States (US) and Europe to give an adequate response; the influence of new technologies in the future of nuclear deterrence; and the crumbling of the arms control and nonproliferation system under the new challenges. The book explains how the combination of these factors lead to a crucial change of strategic stability and the international security landscape, the first such change since the end of the Cold War.Divided into three parts, the book presents timely analyses on (1) US, Russia: New Challenges and Strategic Stability in Europe; (2) Extended Deterrence and Arms Control in Europe; and (3) Regional Dimensions of Strategic Stability in Europe. It further offers perspectives from and case studies on different countries, such as Ukraine, France, Germany, the United Kingdom, the USA, Turkey, Poland, and Romania.This book is a must-read for scholars for international relations, as well as policy-makers interested in a better understanding of the changing international security architecture, Russia's strategy, arms control, nonproliferation, and the future of nuclear deterrence.   

This book collects selected contributions presented at the INdAM Workshop "e;Geometric Challenges in Isogeometric Analysis"e;, held in Rome, Italy on January 27-31, 2020. It gives an overview of the forefront research on splines and their efficient use in isogeometric methods for the discretization of differential problems over complex and trimmed geometries. A variety of research topics in this context are covered, including (i) high-quality spline surfaces on complex and trimmed geometries, (ii) construction and analysis of smooth spline spaces on unstructured meshes, (iii) numerical aspects and benchmarking of isogeometric discretizations on unstructured meshes, meshing strategies and software. Given its scope, the book will be of interest to both researchers and graduate students working in the areas of approximation theory, geometric design and numerical simulation.Chapter 10 is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

This book provides an account of what is to know what things are, focusing on kinds, both natural (such as water) and social (such as marriage). It brings tools from an area that has received much attention in recent years, the epistemology of inquiry. The knowledge of what things are is to be understood as resulting from successful inquiries directed at questions of the form 'What is x?', where x stands for a given kind of thing. The book also addresses knowledge-wh in general (which includes knowledge-who and knowledge-where), as well as the phenomenon of ignorance regarding what things are and our obligations in respect to knowing what things are. It also brings to light new avenues of research for those interested in the relation between the knowledge of what things are and concept possession and amelioration.'Knowing What Things Are' should be of interest to researchers in Epistemology, Philosophy of Language, Metaphysics, Philosophy of Mind, Social Philosophy and Linguistics.

This book functions as a comprehensive and authoritative reference book in blood transfusion and blood substitutes. It is a collection of the latest developments and the newest investigations, and individual chapters are written by world experts in the arena. The book begins with a historical review on the practice of transfusions as well as the components and physiology of blood. The following chapters cover various topics, including platelet substitutes, hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers, perfluorocarbon based oxygen carriers, and safety issues related to artificial hemoglobin. All chapters provide a bulleted highlights list to facilitate readers in mastering the main points of each individual chapter.  Blood Substitutes and Oxygen Biotherapeutics is an invaluable reference book for perioperative care providers, hematologists, anesthesiologists, surgeons, obstetricians and gynecologists.

This book examines why, on the eve of the pamphlet¿s 175th anniversary, the Communist Manifesto left so faint an imprint on Europe¿s most revolutionary year of 1848, when it has had such a huge impact on posterity. The Manifesto that year misread bourgeois intentions, put too much faith in the industrial proletariat, too little in peasants, too much emphasis on the German states, and none on England. Marx and Engels preferred in 1848¿9 to focus on the middle-class Neue Rheinische Zeitung, declining to galvanise working-class groups whose leadership they had actively sought. They neglected to return swiftly to the German states in their crucial 1848 ¿March days¿. The Manifestös programme barely overlapped with contemporary campaigners or comparative pamphleteers, or the replacement Demands of the Communist Party in Germany. The book considers the consequences of Marx opting to write the Manifesto alone in January 1848. It also questions the source and significance of the pamphlet¿s most memorialised phrase, ¿the spectre of Communism¿, whether it was written for the ¿working men of all countries¿ addressed in its finale, and whether Marx and Engels regarded the Manifesto as highly in 1848, as they undoubtedly did in later life.

This book discusses the latest advances in cyber-physical security and resilience of cyber-physical systems, including cyber-attack detection, isolation, situation awareness, resilient estimation and resilient control under attack. It presents both theoretical results and important applications of the methods.Security and Resilience in Cyber-Physical Systems begins by introducing the topic of cyber-physical security, covering state-of-the-art trends in both theory and applications, as well as some of the emerging methodologies and future directions for research. It then moves on to detail theoretical methods of attack detection, resilient estimation and control within cyber-physical systems, before discussing their various applications, such as power generation and distribution, autonomous systems, wireless communication networks and chemical plants.Focusing on the detection of and accommodation to cyber-attacks on cyber-physical systems, and including both estimation and artificial-intelligence-based methods, this book will be of interest to researchers, engineers and graduate students within the fields of cyber-physical security and resilient control.

The book ¿Non-discrimination in Turkey¿ focuses on issue areas within the broader non-discrimination framework in Turkey. It looks domestic change in Turkey regarding non-discrimination across time. The book unpacks the principle of non-discrimination and provides analysis in many issue areas like LGBTI rights, disability rights or age discrimination that rely under the framework of non-discrimination. Adopting a comprehensive approach including many areas within non-discrimination, the book will be useful for the students, scholars and researchers of international relations, political science, Middle East and Turkish studies and those interested in human rights.

This book includes state-of-the-art and original research contributions from two well-established conferences, which collectively focus on the joint design, development, and management of products, advanced production systems, and business for sustainable customization and personalization. The book includes wide range of topics within these subjects, ranging from industrial success factors to original contributions within the field. The authors represent worldwide leading research institutions.

About 90% of the injuries caused by venomous and poisonous animals are manifested by cutaneous signs, due to the inflammatory and necrotic characteristics of various toxins. Even when there are no initial changes in the skin, these can appear in later stages. Therefore, it is necessary for health professionals to be able to recognize and treat these types of injuries.This work provides detailed information on the identification of venomous and poisonous animals and the symptoms caused by their toxins. It includes extensive photographic documentation and discussion on the diagnosis and treatment of dermatitis, which can range from small superficial inflammations to deep necrosis with great tissue destruction. The latter can be prevented by early diagnosis.Chapters will discuss the identification of skin lesions caused by envenomation, and the definitions and implications of skin aggression. The content is presented in detail according to injuries caused by beetles (Coleoptera), Millepods, Hemiptera (Pentatomidae), cockroaches (Blattaria), centipedes (Chilopoda), bees and wasps, giant water bugs (Belostomatidae), ticks, ants, caterpillars and moths, spiders, scorpions, snakes, jellyfish and Portuguese man-of-war, venomous fish and bats.This original book fills a gap in the medical literature and will be a valuable resource for dermatologists, infectologists and general practitioners. Additionally, it may also be a useful tool for residents, professionals from other medical specialties and even from other areas, such as Biology and Veterinary Medicine. The author has more than 150 publications in indexed journals and forty years of clinical experience on the subject.

By examining historical applications of the compounds found in plants, this five-volume series serves as a reference for quality assurance, research, product development, and regulatory guidance of the compounds found in plant-based medicines. This work supports the growing consumers' interest in herbal medicine for wellness and health. Plant-Based Therapeutics, Volume 1: Cannabis sativa, the first in the series, covers a unique plant species and provides the framework to integrate its evidence-based scientific discoveries with healthcare therapies. Cannabis has been used in religious ceremonies and medical purposes for thousands of years. Cannabidiol (CBD), the main non-psychoactive component of Cannabis, was isolated in the 1940s, and its structure was established in the 1960s. In 1964 tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the psychoactive component, was isolated. Cannabis has more than 500 components, of which 104 cannabinoids have been identified. Two of them, THC and CBD, have been the primary components of scientific investigations. They were approved by the FDA for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in 1985; for appetite stimulation in wasting conditions, such as AIDS, in 1992, and in 2018 for treating two forms of pediatric epilepsy, Dravet syndrome and Lennox-Gastaut syndrome. Beyond the indications for which cannabinoids are FDA-approved, the evidence reveals that cannabinoid receptors are present throughout the body, embedded in cell membranes, and are believed to be more numerous than any other receptor system. When cannabinoid receptors are stimulated, a variety of physiologic processes ensue. Thus, other constituents of Cannabis are extremely promising either as individual compounds or their potential synergistic or entourage effects in the treatment of numerous medical conditions.

This book looks at sustainability and the environmental safety of transport, both key priorities within the global strategy of sustainable development of aviation. Bringing together selected papers presented at the 8th International Scientific-Technical Conference: Problems of Chemmotology ¿ Theory and Practice of Rational Use of Conventional and Alternative Fuels and Lubricants, the contributions examine the theory and practice of aviation chemmotology and safety in transport, including sustainable transport, manufacturing and use of conventional and alternative fuels and lubricants, the use of electric aviation, and systems of fuel supply and fuel infrastructure. This collection will be an invaluable reference for researchers, professionals, and students involved in alternative aviation fuels, transport engineering, sustainable transport development, and fuels and lubricants.

This book opens the case on collaboration among mathematicians and mathematics educators. The authors of this book provide their research and experience based insights on collaboration to inspire the young generation of the mathematics community to engage in productive collaborations and exchange of knowledge early in their careers. These valuable collaborations are anticipated to generate innovative research questions that set new and novel paths for mathematics education research with ample possibilities yet to be realized and discovered.