Bücher veröffentlicht von Springer International Publishing

The book aims to explain the factors that brought about a high degree of similarity between American and Canadian foreign and security policies during the Afghanistan intervention. Specifically, it seeks to explain why, despite their different positions in the international distribution of power, the United States and Canada embraced similar counterinsurgency (COIN) strategies from 2005/2006 to 2011. During this time, the United States and Canada fought against insurgent groups, sought to maintain stabilized areas by mentoring Afghan forces, and invested in infrastructure and governance. These goals, which corresponded to the 'clear,' 'hold,' and 'build' COIN components, entailed sending troops and civilian officials to a war zone and committing financial resources.

Classical liberalism has typically sought to maintain as much room as possible for the exercise of personal initiative in the face of the encroachment of states. This book explores these questions of coercion and authority in the context of the size and scope of the state and argues that the state and its agents should be held to the same moral rules as are the individuals it rules over. The book considers how a distinct feature of the state is its police or coercive power, about which one may ask how the state acquires it and what if anything would justify its use. It considers the implication that there is nothing inherent about state agents that entitles one to behave in ways that we would not accept from a private actor, and how once that argument is made, the state's claim to authority is weakened. The author also discusses the extent to which democracy has been thought to provide any sort of justification for coercion or authority.  This book will be of interest to academics and students of political philosophy, especially classical liberalism, and legal philosophy.  

This book presents the results of experimental and theoretical studies of the destruction of solids under impact, explosion, high pressures, and strain rates. The content identifies the basic laws of the destruction of bodies under dynamic loads. The results of numerical studies were obtained using numerical methods on the Lagrangian, Euler, and ALE approaches to the description of the motion of continuous media. Numerical methods and mathematical models have been tested by comparison with experimental data and well-known analytical solutions (for instance, Rankin-Hugoniot laws). Experimental studies were performed on unique ballistic installations with the registration of fast processes (high-speed shooting). The results are used as new tests to verify the developing modeling methods. The research objects were metal multilayer plates, functionally graded materials, advanced, smart, and natural materials, etc. The book is interesting to specialists in the field of mathematical modeling and experimental methods for studying fast processes under dynamic loading.

This book is unique in that it challenges scholarly views on financial inclusion and poverty reduction while also relating financial inclusion and poverty reduction to the Fourth Industrial Revolution. The book deviates from the usual method of analyzing financial inclusion, which relies on bank accounts or microcredit as success criteria, and instead discusses how the Fourth Industrial Revolution is facilitating digital financial inclusion. With a five-fold goal, this book investigates both past and present readings and understandings of poverty and financial inclusion. To begin, it provides a thorough introduction to the Fourth Industrial Revolution and financial inclusion in the context of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Second, the book dives quite extensively into the theories of financial inclusion in the context of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Third, the book reconstructs the theory of financial inclusion, moving from traditional to digital financial inclusion, highlighting the role of digital financial inclusion in the transition from an informal financial money market to a formal financial system. The fourth goal is to evaluate the tools and effects of digital financial inclusion on poverty. Finally, it provides case studies of digital financial inclusion and the future of digital financial inclusion in emerging and developing countries. This book will be of interest to academics, students and practitioners in a range of disciplines, including finance, development economics, and consumer economics.

This book focuses on first-generation graduate students in the US and the graduate or post-baccalaureate programs that house and educate these students. The several voices in this book, including first-generation graduate students, address the phenomena of graduate students' experiences and related university practices, with the practices connected to traditional academic and Western values and to academic and neoliberal institutional logics. First-generation graduate students' narratives, or testimonies, serve as the foundation of the analysis of students' pathways to graduate school and their experiences within graduate school. The conditions for first-generation graduate students in their programs require remedies that will facilitate student well-being, peer community attachment, and persistence, and will educate and train students for achievement in graduate school and for employment after graduate school.

This is meant to be the 10th volume of the series Medicinal and Aromatic Plants of the World. Similarly, to the previous volumes, the work will deal -in a monographic form- with MAPs characteristic/famous or simply known of Turkey, a large country that is connecting Europe with Asia. Turkey has extremely rich and varied topographic/ecologic conditions. As a result, the flora of Turkey abounds in an astonishingly great number of endemic MAP species. Traditional, present and possible prospective uses will be discussed. Scientific and technological achievements will be equally presented. Briefly, the volume is aimed to look carefully at our present knowledge of this vast interdisciplinary domain of medicinal and aromatic plants with a focus on Turkey. In the era of global climate change and Covid-pandemics, building on the huge Turkish traditions, the proposed volume of the series is expected to make an important contribution to the better knowledge and understanding of the MAP wealth of the World.

This book covers Poly(vinyl chloride) Fundamentals, Fabrication and characterization of PVC based composites and nanocomposites specifically natural fibre reinforced PVC composites, carbonaceous filler reinforced PVC composites , metal oxide fled PVC composites and nanocomposites etc. This book also covers the conducting PVC composites and recent advances in nanocomposites based on PVC .The rheological, mechanical, barrier, thermal, dielectric behaviour of PVC composites and nanocomposites are discussed in details.

This book addresses the growing need for a standard textbook on input-output analysis (IO) within the context of industrial ecology (IE). IE is a discipline dedicated to providing system-wide, quantitative, and science-based solutions for sustainable development challenges, and its global importance has been rapidly increasing. The primary analytical tools of IE are life-cycle assessment (LCA) and material flow analysis (MFA). IO has been widely utilized for LCA since the late 1990s and is increasingly being applied to MFA as well. This trend is being driven by the greater availability and application of global IO data, which now includes an ever-expanding number of countries and regions. Despite the presence of excellent textbooks on IO and IE individually, there is a lack of resources that integrate these two fields. This book seeks to fill that gap by focusing on the practical application of IO to IE, specifically in the context of LCA and MFA. By combining these methodologies, readers can gain valuable insights into sustainable development issues and contribute to more effective solutions in the field of IE.

This book has the merit of being the first book analysing different aspects of data taxation from a wide perspective encompassing not only tax law but also other significant issues related to data, such as data protection and economic inefficiencies. The main aim is to provide data-specific solutions to data-driven problems. In the midst of a number of critical issues and a great deal of uncertainty currently reigning in the field, the authors attempt to put forward easy-to-implement and efficient proposals on the basis of an interdisciplinary analysis. The core idea of this book consists of segregating the utilisation of data into four different yet interdependent steps and constructing the tax law analysis on top of these four corner stones. Step one, occurring in the generation and collection phases of the datäs life cycle, comprises ¿the digital barter¿ and other collection of data. Step two, taking place during the processing and analytics phasesof the datäs life cycle, consists of microwork. Step three, situated in the storage, processing, analytics and use phases of the datäs life cycle, encompasses aggregation and internal use of data. Step four, materialising during the distribution and use phases of the datäs life cycle, covers sale of data, transfer of data and granting the right to use a database. The main issues occurring in each of the four steps are analysed separately, and yet interdependently, with an emphasis on international tax law. The book also comprises a VAT analysis; suggestion of a new type of tax, namely «data collection tax»; and a brief opinion on a potential future «robo-data tax». The subjects explored in this book are of interest for researchers, lawyers as well as tax administrations. Albeit being an academic publication, the developments made in this contribution are also relevant for the general public. After all, data, the youngest intangible, constitute the raw material of the fourth industrial revolution; and their use and taxation affect each and every citizen!

This book discusses wireless communication systems from a transceiver and digital signal processing perspective. It is intended to be an advanced and thorough overview for key wireless communication technologies. A wide variety of wireless communication technologies, communication paradigms and architectures are addressed, along with state-of-the-art wireless communication standards. The author takes a practical, systems-level approach, breaking up the technical components of a wireless communication system, such as compression, encryption, channel coding, and modulation. This book combines hardware principles with practical communication system design. It provides a comprehensive perspective on emerging 5G mobile networks, explaining its architecture and key enabling technologies, such as M-MIMO, Beamforming, mmWaves, machine learning, and network slicing.  Finally, the author explores the evolution of wireless mobile networks over the next ten years towards 5G and beyond (6G), including use-cases, system requirements, challenges and opportunities.

This book explores the ways in which dynamics of Islamophobia and neoliberalism shape the schooling experiences of minority Muslim students in Sydney primary, public and independent schools. The author examines the issues at macro, meso and micro level.At the global systemic level, the book discusses the politics of naming Muslims and racialised governmentality within a capitalist neoliberal context. At the institutional level, it provides an insight into the Living Safe Together policy and explains how it can potentially provide space for teachers to abuse their authority or power in schools over minority Muslim students, within a wider discursive context shrouded by national security discourses, 'homegrown' terrorism and deradicalisation. Finally, at the individual level, drawing on the voices of teachers and Muslim students, the book highlights how Islamophobic discourse was reinforced through pedagogical practices, and how Muslim students resisted these discourses by speaking back to power.

Digital Education is recognised as a key transformative innovation for K-12 school and university teaching and learning, as well as, for professional development and vocational training. As a result, blended and online courses are nowadays widely deployed to meet the needs of K-12, higher education and vocational training students, as well as, the needs for professional development of in-service professionals. In this context, important professional roles in digital education and training, such as, the Instructional Designers, who design and develop online and blended courses, and the Trainers or Tutors who support the delivery of these online and blended courses, require new professional competences compared to those assumed at the traditional face to face education and tra ining programs.This is particularly relevant today, in the post Covid-19 era, where educational organisations, leaders and teachers are challenged with reinventing their teaching and learning environments to offer higher quality, more accessible and inclusive teaching, learning and assessment. Educational Data Literacy (EDL) is a core competence for all education professionals, including school teachers, instructional designers and tutors of online and blended learning courses, as well as educational institutions' leaders. Nevertheless, existing professional competence frameworks for educators pay little attention to EDL, missing out the potential of using emerging EDL methods and tools in online and blended teaching and learning - thus there is a need for extending existing professional competence frameworks for educators with new competences to accommodate the emerging field of EDL. To this end, this brief monograph presents a comprehensive proposal of an Educational Data Literacy Competence Profile (EDL-CP) framework for education professionals, as well as, exemplary learning outcomes for the proposed EDL-CP framework, and use-case examples for indicative target groups, namely instructional designers, e-Trainers and K-12 school teachers. The work of this book has been produced within the project "e;Learn2Analyze - An Academia-Industry Knowledge Alliance for enhancing Online Training Professionals' (Instructional Designers and e-Trainers) Competences in Educational Data Analytics"e; which is co-funded by European Commission through the Erasmus+ Program (Cooperation for innovation and the exchange of good practices - Knowledge Alliances).

This book presents insights into the governance challenge associated with the management of the lockdown measures in relation to the welfare of citizens in selected African states. The intention of the project is to present a critical analysis of the effectiveness and the consequences of the measures adopted by the government of these African countries to contain further spread of the virus, within the context of existing governance challenges in the management of the public sector. This will expose the contradictions in the implementation of public policy and the actualization of its intendment for the promotion of good governance and the welfare of citizens. The benefit thereof is the feasibility of arousing further intellectual engagements on the need for effective management of public sector with strong infrastructural support for the good of all in Africa.

This book makes connections between selfhood, reading practice and moral judgment which propose fresh insights into Austen's narrative style and offer new ways of reading her work. It grounds her writing in the Enlightenment philosophy of selfhood, exploring how Austen takes five major components of selfhood theory-memory, imagination, probability, sympathy and reflection-and investigates their relation to self-formation and moral judgement. At the same time, Austen's narrative style breaks new ground in the representation of consciousness and engages directly with contemporary concerns about reading practice. Drawing analogies between reading text and reading character, the book argues that Austen's rendering of reading and rereading as both reflective and constitutive acts demonstrates their capacity to enable self-recognition and self-formation. It shows how Austen raises questions about the potential for different readings and, in so doing, challenges her readers to reflect on and reread their own interactions with her texts.

This book introduces a state-of-art approach in evaluating portfolio management and risk based on artificial intelligence and alternative data. The book covers a textual analysis of news and social media, information extraction from GPS and IoTs data, and risk predictions based on small transaction data, etc. The book summarizes and introduces the advancement in each area and highlights the machine learning and deep learning techniques utilized to achieve the goals. As a complement, it also illustrates examples on how to leverage the python package to visualize and analyze the alternative datasets, and will be of interest to academics, researchers, and students of risk evaluation, risk management, data, AI, and financial innovation.

This volume showcases innovative research on dialectal, vernacular, and other forms of "e;oral,"e; speech-like writing in digital spaces. The shift from a predominantly print culture to a digital culture is shaping people's identities and relationships to one another in important ways. Using examples from distinct international contexts and language varieties (kiAmu, Lebanese, Ettounsi, Shanghai Wu, Welsh English, and varieties of American English) the authors examine how people use unexpected codes, scripts, and spellings to say something about who they are or aspire to be. This book will be of particular interest to students and scholars interested in the impact of social media on language use, style, and orthography, as well as those with a broader interest in literacy, communication, language contact, and language change.

Compliance has long been identified by scholars of white-collar crime as a key strategic control device in the regulation of corporations and complex organisations. Nevertheless, this essential process has been largely ignored within criminology as a specific subject for close scrutiny - Corporate Compliance: Crime, Convenience and Control seeks to address this anomaly. This initiating book applies the theory of convenience to provide criminological insight into the enduring self-regulatory phenomenon of corporate compliance. Convenience theory suggests that compliance is challenged when the corporation has a strong financial motive for illegitimate profits, ample organisational opportunities to commit and conceal wrongdoing, and executive willingness for deviant behaviour. Focusing on white-collar deviance and crime within corporations, the book argues that lack of compliance is recurrently a matter of deviant behaviour by senior executives within organisations who abuse their privileged positions to commission, commit and conceal financial crime. 

This book constitutes the first monograph dedicated to an academic analysis of David Bowie's appearances in film. Through close textual analysis together with production and reception histories, Bowie's 'silver screen' career is explored in full. The book covers performance documentaries such as Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders from Mars, star vehicles ranging from the eulogised The Man Who Fell to Earth to the excoriated Just a Gigolo, plus roles from the horror chic of The Hunger and cult fantasy of Labyrinth to the valiant high-brow Baal and vainglorious high-budget Absolute Beginners, ending with Bowie as Bowie in Bandslam and others as 'Bowie' in Velvet Goldmine and Stardust. Alongside showing his willingness to experiment (and at times fail) across a variety of genres, this study investigates Bowie's performative style that, while struggling to accommodate the requirements of cinematic realism, fits more harmoniously with alternative production codes and aesthetics. More broadly, by exploring the commercial, socio-cultural and ideological significance of Bowie on film, the book demonstrates how notions of gender, sexuality and identity formation, plus commodity and cultural capital, function and fluctuate in contemporary society.

Intellectual property rights are a key element in today's knowledge economy. Specifically, the use of patents as transactional elements has become widespread. However, the market for patents possesses specific features that differentiate it from other markets. This book provides evidence for its existence and addresses its particular conditions. It also takes a deep dive into patent intermediaries, discussing how they emerged, their activity and business models, as well as their impact on market structure, firms, and societies.Patent intermediaries participate in market transactions by offering various services and by bridging supply and demand of patents. In the last decades, some of them (so-called pejoratively 'patent trolls') have become popular for their aggressive litigiousness. However, the activity and presence of patent intermediaries are much more significant. To enhance our understanding of the role of patent intermediaries, the authors provide a comprehensive review of the role of these agents in the Economy.

This book considers the responses of states to migrant girls who are separated from family and enter state care systems as unaccompanied or trafficked young people. The book draws on research with girls and social work practitioners in the UK to explore what can happen when separated girls encounter professionals at borders and within care systems. It considers how separated girls adapt to different ideas of what it means to be a girl in destination countries, and how this is affected by their other intersecting identities. The book identifies how girls can feel welcomed, but also how young migrants can be seen in excluding ways. It argues that narratives of the fragile 'refugee child' are unhelpful ways to understand individual girls. Using theories and clear language relevant to both academics and practitioners, the author fills a gap in the research on migrant and trafficked young women who frequently represent the minority in care systems globally. 

This volume presents the beautiful memoirs of Euler, Lagrange and Lambert on geography, translated into English and put into perspective through explanatory and historical essays as well as commentaries and mathematical notes. These works had a major impact on the development of the differential geometry of surfaces and they deserve to be studied, not only as historical documents, but most of all as a rich source of ideas.

Policing and firearms: it is a crucial relationship. Should police be routinely armed? If so, what restrictions should be imposed on the use of firearms? Where police are not routinely armed, there is still a need for specialist armed police: how do these units operate, and are they effective?This ground-breaking edited book explores the nexus between policing and firearms with a genuinely international focus. Contributors from Ireland, Germany, the United Kingdom, Brazil, Mexico, the United States, Venezuela, New Zealand, Australia, and Canada explore the issues from a range of perspectives, including human rights, militarization, police legitimacy, and the risks police firearms pose to the community and to police themselves.This thought-provoking collection is an indispensable resource for law enforcement policymakers and students of policing and criminal justice.

With one volume each year, this series keeps scientists and advanced students informed of the latest developments and results in all areas of the plant sciences. This latest volume includes reviews on plant physiology, biochemistry, genetics and genomics, forests, and ecosystems.