Bücher veröffentlicht von Springer Nature Singapore

This book provides an exclusive and critical in-depth analysis of paddy straw waste valorization at a broad scale for different industrial applications. It explores and discusses the various valorization pathways of paddy straw into valuable products connected to biorefineries' products and byproducts. The book also examines the scope, potential, and availability of paddy straw in the field of biorefineries.Various lignocellulosic biomasses with expanded potential are known for their industrial applications, even at a broad pilot range. Among these biomasses, paddy straw has emerged as the most suitable lignocellulosic waste for various biorefinery applications. Paddy is a crucial and widely consumed crop globally, and it generates the highest annual production of waste compared to other cereal crops. The cellulose content, accounting for approximately 47% of the total cellulosic biomass, offers significant potential for valorization, along with hemicellulose and lignin, which can also be explored and expanded on an industrial scale. However, despite the tremendous scope for valorization, lignocellulosic biomass-based biorefineries face cost-effectiveness challenges that need to be addressed for sustainable and uniform expansion, distribution, and economic scalability in various applications.The book's specific feature lies in its targeted and specific valorization of paddy straw into biofuels and other biorefinery-based products, which hold promising industrial applications and easily scalable approaches for mass production. This book is an essential resource for students, scientists, engineers and practitioners working in the biorefinery industry and academia.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Computing, Applications and Technologies (PDCAT) which was held in Jeju, Korea in August, 2023. The papers of this volume are organized in topical sections on wired and wireless communication systems, high dimensional data representation and processing, networks and information security, computing techniques for efficient networks design, electronic circuits for communication systems.

This thought-provoking book unravels the intricate interplay between human behavior and disasters, weaving a rich narrative that transcends traditional boundaries. Embark on a captivating exploration of human responses to multifaceted disasters with this book. Unveiling the human psyche and the intricate web of emotions that intertwine with disaster events, this book offers a profound understanding of human responses to multifaceted disasters.Written with precision and meticulous research, this book captivates scholars, practitioners, and policymakers alike. Its multidimensional perspectives offer valuable insights for disaster management, urban planning, sociology, and public health, transcending disciplinary boundaries.

This book gathers a large amount of recent research results on this topic to better understand the static creep micrömacro fracture mechanics in brittle solids (e.g., glass, ceramic, concrete, ice, and rock). To be precise, this is about to explore the effects of the external factors of stress paths, water content, seepage pressure, dynamic disturbance, thermal treated temperature, and the internal factors of crack angle, size, recovery, and nucleation coalescence on the static creep fracture mechanical properties in brittle solids. This book provides important theoretical support in evaluation for long-term lifetime in the brittle solid engineering (e.g., deep underground engineering, architecture engineering, aerospace engineering, and mechanical manufacturing engineering).

This book gathers outstanding papers presented at the International Conference on Data Science and Applications (ICDSA 2023), organized by Soft Computing Research Society (SCRS) and Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, India, from 14 to 15 July 2023. The book is divided into four volumes, and it covers theoretical and empirical developments in various areas of big data analytics, big data technologies, decision tree learning, wireless communication, wireless sensor networking, bioinformatics and systems, artificial neural networks, deep learning, genetic algorithms, data mining, fuzzy logic, optimization algorithms, image processing, computational intelligence in civil engineering, and creative computing.

This brief highlights the factors associated with good goalkeeping techniques and their impact on goalkeepers¿ performance in elite European football leagues. The goalkeeping performances of 1600 goalkeepers from five consecutive seasons across the English Premier League, Spanish La Liga, Italian Serie A, and German Bundesliga are studied. The findings from this brief are useful for identifying the success metrices of top-class goalkeepers that help stakeholders to devise strategies to further enhance their performances and empower talent identification experts with pertinent information for mapping out future high-performance goalkeepers.

This book offers an expert perspective on two key phenomena in the development of the information society, namely digital inclusion and digital exclusion. Despite the intensive digitalization of various areas in human activity, the lack of proper information and communications technology (ICT) literacy, the lack of access to high-speed Internet, and the still unsatisfactory level of e-services are a reality in many regions and countries. This edited book presents a unique overview of research related to the dynamics of digital exclusion and the development of digital competences, as well as an analysis of the most effective educational solutions to foster the digital inclusion of disadvantaged groups. This book is particularly useful for educators dealing with the topic of digital exclusion and inclusion and who are looking for knowledge on enhancing digital competences in disadvantaged groups. It is also helpful for social policy makers involved in designing solutions to minimize various forms of digital exclusion. Finally, this book serves as a reference for academics and students from the disciplines of pedagogy, social policy, new media psychology, media sociology, and cultural anthropology.

This book focuses on the vibration behavior of ceramic-matrix composites (CMCs), including (1) vibration natural frequency of intact and damaged CMCs; (2) vibration damping of CMCs considering fibers debonding and fracture; (3) temperature-dependent vibration damping of CMCs; (4) time-dependent vibration damping of CMCs; and (5) cyclic-dependent vibration damping of CMCs. Ceramic-matrix composites (CMCs) possess low material density (i.e., only 1/4 or 1/3 of high-temperature alloy) and high-temperature resistance, which can reduce cooling air and improve structure efficiency. Understanding the failure mechanisms and internal damage evolution represents an important step to ensure reliability and safety of CMCs. Relationships between microstructure, damage mechanisms, vibration natural frequency, and vibration damping of CMCs are established. This book helps the material scientists and engineering designers to understand and master the vibration behavior of CMCs at room and elevated temperatures.

Based on the Judicial Transparency Index Assessment (2019 and 2020) conducted in China by the Institute of Law of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, this book summarizes and analyzes the current situation of judicial openness in China, using a sample of 218 courts across the country for the study. The book analyzes the ideological and institutional origins of judicial openness and examines the operation of judicial openness through the practical experience of role replacement. By analyzing evaluation data in the fields of audit information disclosure, trial information disclosure, judicial enforcement data disclosure, and judicial reform data disclosure, the book points out that the current judicial disclosure has made significant progress, but there are still problems such as unclear disclosure standards, insufficient rigidity in disclosure requirements, and the scope of disclosure still needs to be expanded. The book recommends accelerating the disclosure of judicial legislation, public standards, and strengthening assessment and accountability.

The book explores "e;what are the societal interests that may be affected by a takeover, are these protected under the current regulatory frameworks of the U.K., Germany, and China, (and if so) how are they protected and what recommendations can be made for future reforms in the three jurisdictions?"e; The book adopts three main methods: law and economics analysis, doctrinal legal research, and comparative analysis.The content of this book is intended not only for the academia; it may also benefit the policy makers by providing an evaluation on the strengths and weaknesses of different protection mechanisms and recommendations for future reforms. Besides, companies which are (potentially) interested in conducting takeovers in the three countries may also find this book useful with its overall analysis of the regulatory frameworks and representative takeover cases in the jurisdictions.

This book provides a narrative account of the experiences of twenty former scholarship students from historically disadvantaged communities who attended elite public and private secondary schools. It draws on in-depth, one-on-one semi-structured interviews conducted with former scholarship recipients who were between the ages of 19 and 24 years at the time of the interviews. Various themes are explored, specifically focusing on elite schooling in relation to the experiences and navigational practices of the scholarship recipients and the adjustments that they felt they needed to make in order to fit into the elite school space.The book analyses and discusses the reflective experiences of students who were awarded a scholarship to attend an elite secondary school. It reveals that accepting the gift of a scholarship is far more complex, multi-layered, and at times harsh and even painful for the individual recipients than is possibly realized by those involved in this practice. This book contributes to academic educational debates within the sociology of education, elite schools and schooling in the post-apartheid South African context.

This book examines the possibility and role of a Cahokian diaspora to understand cultural influence, complexity, historicity, and movements in the Mississippian Southeast. Collectively the chapters trace how the movements of Cahokian and American Bottom materials, substances, persons, and non-human bodies converged in the creation of Cahokian identities both within and outside of the Cahokia homeland through archaeological case studies that demonstrate the ways in which population movements foment social change. Drawing initial inspiration from theories of diaspora, the book explores the dynamic movements of human populations by critically engaging with the ways people materially construct or deconstruct their social identities in relation to others within the context of physical movement. This book is of interest to students and researchers of archaeology, anthropology, sociology of migration and diaspora studies.Previously published in Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory Volume 27, issue 1, March 2020

This book deals with the intricate issue of approaching atheism-methodologically as well as conceptually-from the perspective of cultural pluralism. What does 'atheism' mean in different cultural contexts? Can this term be applied appropriately to different religious discourses which conceptualize God/gods/Goddess/goddesses (and also godlessness) in hugely divergent ways? Is my 'God' the same as yours? If not, then how can your atheism be the same as mine? In other words, this volume raises the question: Is it not high time that we proposed a comparative study of atheism(s) alongside that of religions, rather than believing that atheism is centered in the 'Western' experience? Apart from answering these questions, the book highlights the much-needed focus on the philosophical negotiations between atheism, theism and agnosticism. The fine chapters collected here present pluralist negotiations with the notion of atheism and its ethical, theological, literary and scientific corollaries.Previously published in Sophia Volume 60, issue 3, September 2021Chapters "e;Religious Conversion and Loss of Faith: Cases of Personal Paradigm Shift?"e; and "e;On Being an Infidel"e; are available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

This book presents select proceedings of the Indian Chemical Engineering Congress (CHEMCON-2021) under the theme "e;Sustainable Utilization of Resources for Chemical Mineral Sectors"e;. It covers broad topics such as chemical reaction and processes, material science and engineering, coal and mineral processing, pyro- and hydro-metallurgical processes, environmental engineering and waste management, advanced engineering, and energy materials. This book is useful for the researchers, professionals, and policymakers interested in sustainable utilization of chemical and mineral resources.

This book covers the most important aspects of lightweight metal alloys including history, physical metallurgy, overview of production technologies, alloy development, compositing, post-processing (heat treatment, surface engineering, bulk-deformation), and joining methodologies. It discusses the microstructural evolution, fractography, morphology of corroded and worn surface to enable easy understanding of the mechanism. The topics covered in this book include lightweight metallic materials, instrumental characterization of light weight metal alloys and composites, severe plastic deformation processing of aluminum alloys, solid-state welding of aluminum alloys, aluminum metal matrix composite for automotive and aircraft applications, and heat treatment of aluminum metal matrix composites. The book is highly useful for students, researchers, academicians, scientists, and engineers working on lightweight materials.

This book presents carbon footprint calculation and mitigation in the manufacturing and transportation sectors. Warning effects of global warming from every sector is of phenomenal importance at this moment and sector wise assessment and remediation are the key factors to mitigate the vulnerable green house gas emissions. This volume with its six chapters deals with the carbon footprint of manufacturing and transportation sectors.

This book is the first systematic account of mega urban projects in China, covering their construction, operation and planning. It is a detailed examination of the planning and construction of Hongqiao and its impact on local residents. In short, the aim of this book is to examine the process of planning and development of the Hongqiao transportation and commercial zone, to explore its relationship to urban development and spatial restructuring in Shanghai, and in doing so to comment on and critique the nature of urban change in contemporary China, which is characterized as property- and infrastructure-driven. Mega urban projects are arguably the quintessential symbol of entrepreneurial urbanism, and it is no coincidence that they have become a familiar part of the urban scene throughout the world, not least in East Asia. They can be seen as both a consequence of, and a response to, the deindustrialization of leading cities, first in North America and Europe and then in East Asia, as economies transitioned to globalized neoliberalism. This book provides a comprehensive overview of the main features of the land-based urban growth coalition formed in Hongqiao by introducing the detailed picture of the Hongqiao project, and it outlines the recent example of the competitive rush to urban projects in China's largest cities that has led to the proliferation of new financial districts in Beijing and Guangzhou.

This book offers an insight into the insulation failures in GIS/GIL and provides practical guidance for improving the insulation reliability of epoxy-based spacers. High voltage gas-insulated apparatuses, including gas-insulated switchgears (GIS) and transmission lines (GIL), playing an important role in the global power transmission system. Epoxy-based spacers are key components in GIS/GIL, playing the role of electrical insulation and mechanical support. However, insulation failures frequently occur around the epoxy-based spacers, threatening the safe operation of the electric power system. Three topics make up this book, with seven to nine chapters in each topic. In the first topic, the surface charging and discharging behaviors of epoxy-based spacers are discussed to deepen the readers' understanding on the insulation problems in GIS/GIL. And the insulation breakdown of epoxy-based spacers is found to be closely related to the electric field distortion under complex operating conditions. In the second topic, original researches on the surface functionally graded materials (SFGM) are presented for relaxing the electric field distortion around the epoxy-based spacers in both AC and DC GIS/GIL, and a series of optimization methods and fabrication techniques for the SFGM spacers are introduced and discussed. In the last topic, the nonlinear conductivity materials (NCM), also known as self-adaptive materials or intelligent materials, are applied as coatings to adaptively regulate the electric field distributions along the surfaces of the epoxy-based spacers. Besides, the concept of the multi-dimensional functionally graded materials (MFGM) is proposed to uniform the electric field distributions in DC GIS/GIL under stationary and transient voltages, exhibiting great potential in the future application. 

This book is first part of the 3 volume set focusing on basic and advanced methods for using microbiology as an entrepreneurial venture. This book deals with the concept of entrepreneurship skills for production, cost-benefit analysis and marketing of vaccines, diagnostic kits, biofuels, biogas, organic acids, plant nutrition enhancer, biofungicides, molecular products from Microbes-Taq polymerase, restriction enzymes and DNA ligase. Chapters cover the applications of microorganisms in small and large scale production to achieve a sustainable output. The book provides essential knowledge and working business protocols for Enzyme Industry, Pharmaceutical Industry, vaccine production etc. This book is helpful to graduate students, research scholars and postdoctoral fellows, and teachers who belong to different disciplines via botany, industrial microbiology, pharmaceutical and biotechnology, molecular biology. Other two volumes are focused on food and agriculture microbiology.

This book provides information on characterizing the microstructure and mechanical properties of cementitious materials at microscale. Specifically, with the intention to  provide the methods of preparing the samples for the micro-scale mechanical testing, to address the techniques for measuring and analyzing the elastic modulus, the stiffness, and the fracture toughness of cementitious materials at micro scale by instrumented indentation, to describe a method for measuring and interpreting creep behavior of cementitious materials at micro scale, and to demonstrate the homogenization method for obtaining the mechanical properties of cementitious materials across scales. The information in this book is helpful to a wide readership in the field of civil engineering and materials science working with cementitious materials and other composite materials.

This book systematically introduces the physical basis and theory of infrared radiation and the application of radiative cooling. It covers the geographical release of infrared radiation, infrared radiation material system, and preparation technology, infrared radiative cooling measurement and applications, the micro-nano-processing technology, the latest technology of radiative cooling and passive power generation, and the design of future application scenarios. The main content includes the current world energy application status and the development, research, and application status of radiative cooling technology, as well as the principle of radiative cooling technology, the research and application of different radiative cooling materials, the processing technology of radiative cooling devices, the development of radiative cooling technology, and other energy technologies. This book is used as reference for researchers and engineers who work in the fields of radiative cooling. 

This book focuses on digital innovation and sustainability in the Asian region in the context of business and management. Managers and policy makers rely on digital technologies to face the region's sustainability challenges and solve sustainability problems. From business perspective, sustainability is defined as the adoption of business strategies, activities, and operations that meet the needs of the firm and its stakeholder today while protecting, sustaining, and enhancing the human and natural resources that will be needed in the future. Digital innovation refers to the application of digital technologies to existing business problems as well as the development of the firm's strategy, culture, and human resources talent to deal and use digital technologies to solve sustainability issues. There is a consensus among scholars and practitioners that organizations need digital innovation to stay competitive. Businesses that are digital innovators consider new ways to solve old and new sustainability problems facing the Asian region. This book, with its practical examples, gives the reader impulses for new Asian's approaches and encourages the readers to dare to think and act in new ways. This book is the first annual compilation of innovative ideas and valuable managerial solutions produced by the region's managers and decision-makers who think and act creatively, helmed by Tobias Endress and Yuosre F. Badir from the School of Management at the Asian Institute of Technology.

This book presents concepts for radio engineers to ensure electromagnetic compatibility based on the methodological approaches to reduce the probability of failures of radio equipment and improve the flight safety of complex aerospace systems. The book deals with issues related to methods for assessing the electromagnetic compatibility of integrated ground and on-board complexes, methods for obtaining information about unintentional interference, the theory of predicting unintentional interference, experimental studies of the characteristics that determine electromagnetic compatibility, methods for calculating reference systems, the influence of the method of generating the output signals of the transmitting path on the relative level of spurious radiation, electromagnetic compatibility of ultrahigh-frequency devices with phase modulation, with the features of industrial noise, with the calculation of electromagnetic fields scattered elements of the airframe, with direction finding errors caused by the scattering of electromagnetic fields by elements of the airframe, with the evaluation of isolation between antennas in the presence of an electromagnetic screen, solving problems of electromagnetic compatibility of antenna devices with the model electromagnetic interference radio systems, calculation of electromagnetic compatibility of specific navigation systems, with the provision of electromagnetic compatibility in civil aviation, taking into account modern requirements.

This book presents a summary of high-pressure phase transitions of minerals and related inorganic compounds. The first part reviews the methods to investigate phase transitions by direct high-pressure and high-temperature experiments together with thermodynamic approaches that consist of calorimetric measurements and thermodynamic calculation. In the second part, phase relations and thermodynamic properties of olivine, pyroxene, garnet, spinel, perovskite, rutile, and related inorganic compounds with A2BO4, ABO3, AB2O4, and AO2 stoichiometries are described. Particular emphasis is placed on spinel- and perovskite-structured phases and their high-pressure polymorphs called post-spinel and post-perovskite phases. The last part of the book focuses on phase relations of mantle rocks and on natural high-pressure minerals from the Earth's deep mantle and in shocked meteorites.  

This book examines the issues of ensuring anti-terrorist security of an aviation enterprise, provides a history of terrorism in the aviation sector, and analyzes the legal regulations. This book provides mathematical and mathematical-psychological models for reducing the risk of terrorist threats, which makes it possible to objectively increase the safety of air transport facilities, reduce the likelihood of terrorist attacks, save human lives and prevent significant material losses. The solutions of general humanistic problems proposed in the book-preventing accidents and preserving the world-are an original feature of the book, which allows one to treat it with the necessary attention and interest for the reader. The concept of anti-terrorist security of an aviation enterprise presented in this book has been widely tested and introduced into the activities of leading aviation enterprises, including the Interstate Aviation Committee (IAC), and has been used in the investigation of aviation accidents.This book is written for a wide range of audience associated with ensuring aviation transport security and for the end users of airlines-passengers, in order to expand their knowledge about the reliability of using air transport. 

This book discusses the principles of forming and analysis of mathematical models of a wide class of antenna systems, new scientific directions in the development and application of computational algorithms for the study of mathematical models for antenna arrays of radio navigating systems. The book is presented for specialists in antenna system design; it may be useful for students of radio engineering specialties. This book consequentially uses the asymptotic correspondence of two-dimensional and three-dimensional problems to antenna engineering, that includes the influence of the placement objects for a given limited class of problems. Rigorous electrodynamics formulations of models and the use of efficient numerical methods provide the reliability and accuracy of modeling.

This book belongs to the subject of control and systems theory. It studies a novel data-driven framework for the design and analysis of iterative learning control (ILC) for nonlinear discrete-time systems. A series of iterative dynamic linearization methods is discussed firstly to build a linear data mapping with respect of the system's output and input between two consecutive iterations. On this basis, this work presents a series of data-driven ILC (DDILC) approaches with rigorous analysis. After that, this work also conducts significant extensions to the cases with incomplete data information, specified point tracking, higher order law, system constraint, nonrepetitive uncertainty, and event-triggered strategy to facilitate the real applications. The readers can learn the recent progress on DDILC for complex systems in practical applications. This book is intended for academic scholars, engineers, and graduate students who are interested in learning control, adaptive control, nonlinear systems, and related fields.

This book examines the connections between poverty and innovation in Africa. Through case studies and theorizations from a distinctly African perspective, it stands in contrast to current theoretical works in the field, which remain very much rooted in Western-orientated thinking. The book investigates the application of methodologies which explain numerous African contexts in connection with issues of poverty and inequality. It reflects on comparative practices and praxes on the African continent, including commonplace traditions and practices in alleviating poverty, taken against a background of the failure of current prescriptions for poverty alleviation, such as the Structural Adjustment Programmes (SAPs) and the Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers (PRSP). There is a dire need for new practical perspectives which move Africa forward using its indigenous knowledge. Owing to a general lack of recorded African theories and methodologies on poverty, inequality and innovation, this book represents a pioneering corpus of African knowledge addressing poverty and inequality through local innovations. Adopting a transdisciplinary approach, it is relevant to students and scholars in development studies and economics, African studies, social studies, political history and political economy, climate studies, anthropology and geography.