Bücher veröffentlicht von Springer Nature Singapore

This book comprises select peer-reviewed proceedings of the 9th International and 49th National Conference on Fluid Mechanics and Fluid Power (FMFP 2022). This book brings together scientific ideas and engineering solutions put forth by researchers and practitioners from academia and industry in the important and ubiquitous field of fluid mechanics. The contents of this book focus on fundamental issues and perspective in fluid mechanics, measurement techniques in fluid mechanics, computational fluid and gas dynamics, instability, transition and turbulence, fluid-structure interaction, multiphase flows, microfluidics, bio-inspired fluid mechanics, aerodynamics, turbomachinery, propulsion and power and other miscellaneous topics in the broad domain of fluid mechanics. This book is a useful reference to researchers and professionals working in the broad field of mechanics.

This book is a collection of chapters in the newly developing area of ethics in artificial intelligence. The book comprises chapters written by leading experts in this area which makes it a one of its kind collections. Some key features of the book are its unique combination of chapters on both theoretical and practical aspects of integrating ethics into artificial intelligence. The book touches upon all the important concepts in this area including bias, discrimination, fairness, and interpretability. Integral components can be broadly divided into two segments ¿ the first segment includes empirical identification of biases, discrimination, and the ethical concerns thereof in impact assessment, advertising and personalization, computational social science, and information retrieval. The second segment includes operationalizing the notions of fairness, identifying the importance of fairness in allocation, clustering and time series problems, and applications of fairness in softwaretesting/debugging and in multi stakeholder platforms. This segment ends with a chapter on interpretability of machine learning models which is another very important and emerging topic in this area.

This book presents a selection of the latest arbitration cases, materials, and commentaries from China. It aims to provide information on the theory and practice of arbitration combined. It is intended to provide readers with a useful resource to guide them when they encounter actual China-related arbitration cases. This book is a valuable resource for all practitioners concerned with international and foreign-related arbitration matters in China, global law firms, companies engaged in multinational business, jurists, and academics.

This conference proceedings is a collection of the accepted papers of ISCC2023 - the 7th International Conference on Information Science, Communication and Computing held in Chongqing, China, 2-5 June 2023. The topics focus on intelligent information science and technology, artificial intelligence and intelligent systems, cloud computing and big data, smart computing and communication technology, wireless network, and cyber security. Each part can be used as an excellent reference by industry practitioners, university faculties, research fellows, and undergraduate and graduate students who need to build a knowledge base of the latest advances and state of the practice in the topics covered by this conference proceedings. This will enable them to build, maintain and manage systems of high reliability and complexity. We would like to thank the authors for their hard work and dedication, and the reviewers for ensuring that only the highest quality papers were selected.

The Water Reactor Fuel Performance Meeting (WRFPM) held in Asia has merged with TopFuel in Europe and LWR Fuel Performance in the United States to form the globally most influential conference in the field of nuclear fuel research. WRFPM2023 is organized by Chinese Nuclear Society (CNS) in cooperation with the Atomic Energy Society of Japan (AESJ), Korean Nuclear Society (KNS), European Nuclear Society (ENS), American Nuclear Society (ANS), the Interna-tional Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) with the support from China Nuclear Energy In¬dustry Corporation (CNEIC) and TVEL.Conference Topics:1. Advances in water reactor fuel technology and testing2. Operation and experience3. Transient and off-normal fuel behaviour and safety related issues4. Fuel cycle, used fuel storage and transportation5. Innovative fuel and related issues6. Fuel modelling, analysis and methodology

This book highlights recent advances in novel optical fiber sensing technology and systems, using distributed fiber sensing technology based on chaotic lasers. Upon introducing the basic theory of chaotic laser, a novel light source, the book summarizes new frontier technologies, and presents photonic integration and sensing applications. The book elaborates on new technologies of distributed optical fiber sensors and its engineering applications, as well as narrow-linewidth fiber laser for optical fiber sensing. This book is of great reference for researchers and professionals in the area of optics and optoelectronics.

This book presents the state-of-the-art coverage of optical materials and their application in various areas. The contents range from basic principles to quantum cutting luminescent materials, advances in plasmonic and photonic substrate-coupled fluorescence, lanthanide doped materials for optical applications, thermoluminescence and optical material for sensing radioactive elements. It also discusses synthesis, characterization and properties of optical materials including nanomaterials, luminescent nanomaterials for anti-counterfeiting, carbon materials-based nanoscale optics and plasmonics, optoelectronics applications of two dimensional materials and applications of lanthanide ion-doped phosphors. This book is of immense value to those in academia and industry working in the areas of material science, especially optical materials.

This book provides insight into the various immunotherapeutic approaches for the treatment of lung cancers. The chapters of the book discuss the detailed mechanisms of checkpoint inhibitors, co-stimulatory molecules, drugs working in the immunosuppressive environment, and various vaccines for lung cancer. A chapter of the book explores the recent applications of the oncolytic virus in lung cancer treatment and discusses the potential and direction of oncolytic virus-based therapeutic vaccines. The chapter also elucidates the current understanding of the role of Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs) in tumor progression, and the recent progress in utilizing TLR agonists as potential therapeutic agents in lung cancer treatment. Towards the end, the book reviews the applications of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) and immunotherapy for the treatment of lung cancer. This book provides useful information to a range of audiences including clinical researchers working in the field of lung cancer, and undergraduate and postgraduate students from various disciplines such as pharmacy, microbiology, immunology, pharmacology, biotechnology, and health sciences.

This book tracks the entire history of Chinese civilization from a broad historical view. Its narrative spans a long period between primitive society and contemporary civilization, which makes it a unique academic works.From an academic point of view, this book is accurate in history and combines historical theories. Although brief, it captures the main thrust of the development of Chinese civilization and achieves a broad outline. Important figures, historical events, and achievements of civilization in all times are involved and discussed.From a theoretical point of view, based on the characteristics of early Chinese civilization, the book discusses the connotation of key concepts such as "civilization" and "Chinese civilization", which have certain theoretical value.From a contemporary and practical perspective, the book helps readers understand the history of Chinese civilization and promotes cultural exchanges between China and the world and leads to a better understanding of today¿s China.

¿This book examines whether Australiäs constitution should be reformed so as to enable the country to fulfil its obligations under the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, which it ratified in 2009. The book surveys the history of the constitutional status of Australiäs Indigenous peoples from the time of colonisation through to the current debate on ¿Indigenous constitutional recognition¿. However, it argues that the term ¿Indigenous constitutional recognition', implying that mere acknowledgement of the existence of Indigenous peoples is sufficient to meet their legitimate expectations, misrepresents the nature of the project the country needs to engage in. The book argues that Australia should instead embark upon a reform programme directed towards substantive, and not merely symbolic, constitutional change. It argues that only by the inclusion in the constitution of enforceable constitutional rights canthe power imbalance between Indigenous Australians and the rest of society be addressed. Taking a comparative approach and drawing upon the experience of other jurisdictions, the book proposes a comprehensive constitutional reform programme, and includes the text of constitutional amendments designed to achieve the realisation of the rights of Australiäs Indigenous peoples. It ends with a call to improve the standard of civics education so as to overcome voter apprehension towards constitutional change.

This book covers emerging areas in novel design and their hydrodynamic properties relevant to bioreactors, environmental system, electrochemical systems, food processing and biomedical engineering. This book uses an interdisciplinary approach to provide a comprehensive prospective simulation modeling and hydrodynamic study in advanced biotechnological process and includes reviews of the most recent state of art in modeling and simulation of flows in biological process, such as CFD. Written by internationally recognized researchers in the field, each chapter provides a strong introductory section that is useful to both readers currently in the field and readers interested in learning more about these areas.

This book provides an insight into the geometric aspects of the spaces of operators studied by using the notion of Birkhoff¿James orthogonality. It studies the norm attainment set of an operator and its properties, the notion of which plays a very important role in the characterization of B-J orthogonality of operators. The structure of the norm attainment set is studied for Hilbert space operators and is yet to be understood completely for operators between Banach spaces. The book explores the interrelation between B-J orthogonality in the ground space and in the space of operators in its fullest generality. The book further explores the concept of approximate B-J orthogonality and investigated its geometry both in the ground space as well as in the space of operators. It highlights important geometric properties like smoothness and k-smoothness of bounded linear operators, extreme contractions and symmetricity of bounded linear operators defined between Hilbert spaces as well as Banach spaces.

This book explores the mechanisms behind high-speed railway (HSR) traffic accidents caused by natural disasters, employing the concept of ¿dynamic tracking, situation assessment, and early warning management¿. It establishes a natural disaster warning system for ensuring the safety of HSR operations, while providing insightful management measures and methods that address the challenges posed by natural disasters. By analyzing the current state and objective circumstances of HSR safety operations, this book distinguishes itself from similar publications both domestically and internationally. It conducts an in-depth analysis of the safe operation of high-speed railways by adopting a systems science approach that effectively merges theory with practical applications. Furthermore, the book explores the developmental trajectory of high-speed railways and investigates the determination of their safe operation. It comprehensively evaluates the safety of high-speed railway operations by employing mathematical theories of uncertainty, subsequently presenting detailed measures to effectively tackle safety concerns related to high-speed railways.

This book investigates in detail production scheduling technology in different kinds of shop environment to achieve sustainability manufacturing. Studies on shop scheduling have attracted engineers and scientists from various disciplines, such as electrical, mechanical, automation, computer, and industrial engineering. Pursuing a holistic approach, the book establishes a fundamental framework for this topic, while emphasizing the importance of intelligent optimization and the significant influence of production scheduling in the manufacturing systems. The book is intended for undergraduate and graduate students who are interested in intelligent optimization technology, shop scheduling, and green manufacturing systems or other scheduling applications.

This book discusses the various modes and methods of nano-based drug delivery in different types of cancers such as colon, breast, cervical, ovarian, and lung cancer. It reviews the significance of nano drug delivery in cancer therapy, the application of nanoparticles in overcoming drug resistance, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. The book also covers topics related to the synthesis of different types, shapes, and sizes of nanocarriers using synthetic and biological approaches. Further, a chapter explores the synthesis of nanocarriers loaded with anti-cancer drugs by using functionalization or conjugations and encapsulation methods. The book also examines the nanocarriers as delivery vehicles for chemotherapeutic agents against cancers using in vitro and animal models of cancers, preclinical trials for efficacy, and safety profiling of nanocarriers. Finally, future trends and innovation in nano drug delivery for cancer therapy, application of siRNA (nanoparticle-based RNA)therapy, ultrasound-linked nano-cancer therapeutics, and application of exosome-based cancer therapy topics are discussed. Towards the end, the book examines the limitations of nanocarriers, including the cell and tissue toxicity, genotoxicity, and scale-up of nanomaterials, health and environmental hazards associated with nanoformulation synthesis, respiratory diseases, government regulations, and ethical issues.

Mobile crowdsensing (MCS) is emerging as a novel sensing paradigm in the Internet of Things (IoTs) due to the proliferation of smart devices (e.g., smartphones, wearable devices) in people¿s daily lives. These ubiquitous devices provide an opportunity to harness the wisdom of crowds by recruiting mobile users to collectively perform sensing tasks, which largely collect data about a wide range of human activities and the surrounding environment. However, users suffer from resource consumption such as battery, processing power, and storage, which discourages users¿ participation. To ensure the participation rate, it is necessary to employ an incentive mechanism to compensate users¿ costs such that users are willing to take part in crowdsensing.This book sheds light on the design of incentive mechanisms for MCS in the context of game theory. Particularly, this book presents several game-theoretic models for MCS in different scenarios. In Chapter 1, the authors present an overview of MCS and state the significance of incentive mechanism for MCS. Then, in Chapter 2, 3, 4, and 5, the authors propose a long-term incentive mechanism, a fair incentive mechanism, a collaborative incentive mechanism, and a coopetition-aware incentive mechanism for MCS, respectively. Finally, Chapter 6 summarizes this book and point out the future directions.This book is of particular interest to the readers and researchers in the field of IoT research, especially in the interdisciplinary field of network economics and IoT.

This book focuses on current advancements in the field of block copolymers and covers design, concept, and various therapeutic applications in the drug delivery. It also reviews the use of block copolymers in drug delivery applications from the development of sustained release products to smart polymeric delivery systems such as stimuli-responsive polymeric systems, for example, thermosensitive, redox-sensitive, photo-sensitive, and enzyme-sensitive. The book further discusses the nano assemblies from amphiphilic block copolymers as nanomedicine platforms for diagnosis and therapy due to their relatively small size, high drug loading capacity, controlled drug release, in vivo stability, and prolonged blood circulation. The chapters also review the various patents and ongoing clinical trials on the applications, covering several important new concepts and findings in the field of block copolymers. The book is aimed at researchers, academicians, and industrial scientists involved in the development of drug-delivery systems based on polymers.

This book presents state-of-the-art trends in reconfigurable active and passive planar antennas and their applications in wireless communication systems operating in the frequency band 5-6 GHz. Due to various key features such as multifunction antenna design, compactness, planar nature, and low cost, these technologies are becoming popular for current and future wireless applications. This book discusses different novel antenna designs and their working principles in detail. The modern and future wireless systems require wideband antennas to accommodate various channels in a single band or in separate bands. The carrier aggregation (CA) has been introduced in the modern wireless systems such as LTE-advanced systems and 5G./6G. In CA, a device can use several channels for transmission and reception. The used channels can exist in the same frequency band (intra-band CA) or in distinct bands (inter-band CA). To accommodate more channels, more bandwidth is required within the operating band. For portable devices, circularly polarized (CP) antennas are more advantageous over linearly polarized antennas since in CP antennas, there is low risk of misalignment and, hence encountering interference. Circularly polarized antenna also provides higher link reliability for the portable devices. To provide high data rates, more bandwidth is needed to accommodate more channels. Various multifunction, compact, and wideband antennas for plethora of applications are addressed in detail in this book. The scope of developing reconfigurable active antennas for application in beam switching, beam steering, wireless charging, security systems, etc., is described. This book concludes by giving glimpses of antenna requirements for future wireless communication systems.

This book comprehensively describes organic electronic devices developed in the past decades. It not only covers the mainstream devices including organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs), organic photovoltaics (OPVs), and organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) but also includes devices of recent interest such as organic immune transistors, organic photocatalysis devices, and themoelectrical devices. The book starts from the introduction of basic theory of organic semiconductor materials and devices, which acquaints the readers with the concepts of each type of device described in the following chapters. It also discusses the working principles, device layout, and fabrication process of these devices. The book is intended for undergraduate and postgraduate students who are interested in organic electronics, researchers/engineers working in the field of organic electronic devices/systems.

This book presents an overview of the evolution and opportunities associated with traditional as well as upcoming fields in the areas of materials, metallurgy, and manufacturing. There are a lot of interesting fields at this trijunction, such as alloy design, bio-materials, composites, high entropy alloys, sensors, electronic materials, and materials degradation. The progress in these fields is further fuelled by the advances in the analysis and fabrication techniques such as correlative microscopy, additive manufacturing, and surface engineering. This book discusses the above topics/fields covering advanced analysis techniques, fabrication methods, and various technological applications. Every chapter walks through the basics of the respective field and comprehensively discusses the current developments and future avenues, to arrive at a point where the reader acquires an overall view of the field. Special emphasis is given to the scientific fundamentals and application potential, in a way that readers of all backgrounds can get benefited. The chapters connect the current developments with the future avenues, to help the researchers foresee the future technologies, in their respective fields. This text will appeal to experienced researchers, practitioners, and students alike. 

This book details the characteristics of an ECG signal through the functionality and electrical activity of the human heart. This book provides a basic introduction and needs for developing implantable cardiac pacemaker systems. This book provides comprehensive details on ECG signal processing techniques that are useful for fast and accurate diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases. The book discusses the characteristics and parameters of a typical ECG signal and various noises that can corrupt an ECG signal. It also covers various challenges involved in different stages of signal acquisition, preprocessing, and detection of an ECG signal. The book also presents a detailed survey of various ECG signal detection and data compression techniques. The book contains detailed information on ECG signals and various noises that corrupt an ECG signal. It also includes de-noising techniques, ECG peak detection techniques, and ECG data compression techniques. It also includes step-by-step details to design various filters in MATLAB. This book, through detailed explanations, provides the reader with necessary information on ECG signal, ECG signal acquisition process, noise removal techniques, and the detection of ECG peaks.

This book provides critical insights into the interplay of sociocultural change and educational practices by elucidating the trajectory of Hong Kong's early childhood music education system. It presents an extensive analysis of postcolonial music education in relation to globalization, westernization, cosmopolitanism, and nationalization. It makes contributions to the theoretical arguments that can be used to interpret the impact of China on the previously Western orientation of education in Hong Kong. This book also explicitly problematizes the theoretical foundations of mandated policies such as play-based learning and moral education in early childhood through music in Hong Kong and across the globe. The analysis of historical context, political influences, and education ideologies in Hong Kong's early childhood education subsystem provides fertile ground for a thorough understanding of the meaning and implications of globalization in education at multiple levels. Many empirical-based discussions in this book reflect the ideologies, trends, and practices of music education globally. Framed by Bandura's social cognitive theory, the empirical studies discussed in the book explore the self-efficacy and practices of education leaders and teachers, reflecting the contemporary challenges of music education. Ultimately, it makes a vital contribution by offering a new conceptual model of music teacher education within a globally resonant framework. 

The book contains select proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Data, Engineering, and Applications (IDEA 2021). It includes papers from experts in industry and academia that address state-of-the-art research in the areas of big data, data mining, machine learning, data science, and their associated learning systems and applications. This book will be a valuable reference guide for all graduate students, researchers, and scientists interested in exploring the potential of big data applications.

This book explores in a theoretical and practical sense the challenges and opportunities arising in the initial and ongoing formation processes for teachers in Catholic schools. It showcases a range of international perspectives on how prospective teachers for Catholic schools are prepared both academically and pastorally for their professional role. Divided into two parts, Part 1 of the book focuses on certain countries in the Anglosphere; each country with a dedicated chapter in which the academic and pastoral approaches to teacher formation are examined in the context of its particular cultural, political and religious landscape. Part 2 of the book examines specific areas of interest with particular reference to what it means for the Catholic Church's mission to offer suitable formation to its corps of teachers. Building on the editors' previous work, this book offers a fresh perspective on this subject by bringing together observations from selected local contexts on what Catholic teacher formation looks like as a set of organised processed and structures. It also shows how the study of educational themes offers challenges to current practices, but also opportunities for fruitful engagement with other educational perspectives.

This book deliberates on the various aspects of plant-based nutrition. Plant-based nutrition has numerous potential health benefits as it is low on calories nevertheless high on nutrient density and satiety, and also nutrient supplementation makes them wholesome diets.Starting with the importance of biodiversity contributing to the nutrition, the book discusses the development or utilization of nutrient-dense crops/foods with their bioavailability properties and health effects. Further, it deals with the enrichment of micronutrients through bio-fortification, fortification, the role of food matrix, and nutrient bioavailability, including the role of plant-based milk alternatives. The linkage between food and health is also being discussed in the context of anti-nutritional factors, metabolic fate of the food, and genomics. Finally, the implications of next-gen biotech crops and food safety issues imperative to define the concept of safe nutrition are discussed.With contributions from plant nutrition experts, this book serves as a one-stop reference for plant scientists, food technologists, and nutritionists looking to understand the concept of plant-based nutrition and its linkage with human health.

This book examines contemporary Chinese transnational mobile practices with special focuses on the ethnographic exploration of the lives, experiences, views, and narratives of the Chinese mobile subjects in three ASEAN countries: Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand, and their interactions with the ethnic Chinese communities in these countries. This book is based on recent and updated original ethnographic research carried out by leading scholars in China and Southeast Asia.  The work addresses questions of integration and social embeddedness, interrogating the possibility of whether the transnational Chinese diaspora can be simultaneously embedded into two or more nation-states and geopolitical spheres. It contends that in moving in the transnational space, the Chinese diaspora may experience a strong yearning for a cultural home that may not be in one space for bicultural or multicultural diaspora. It also asks whether the transnational Chinese diaspora is motivated to negotiate cultural membership and social belonging in a new country. Shedding new light on the ways in which the transnational diaspora negotiates cultural membership to adapt to situational requirements, this volume is relevant to scholars researching in China studies, anthropology, international relations, and in Asian, Southeast and East Asian regional studies.

The book deals with the pricing of ecosystem services provided by agriculture. All provisioning, regulating, supporting and cultural services are being covered in this title. Chapters in this contributed volume cover topics such as pricing of services from the soil, water, and nutrient management. Quantified monetary values of carbon sequestration and renewable energy applications in agriculture are covered with clear-cut methodologies. This book also links ecosystem service-based pricing with crop insurance. Improving the farmers' livelihood is the central goal of the agricultural production system throughout the world. Under the climate change context, farms' produce is now climate-vulnerable and heavily dependent on weather conditions. Moreover, we often neglect the contribution of several positive impacts of agricultural practices on ecosystems and natural resources. Therefore, there is a need to quantify and value these ecosystem services in agriculture. However, valuation and pricing the services in agriculture both tangible and intangible is a challenge. It is necessary to have clear-cut methodologies for pricing ecosystem services of agriculture in terms of net monetary benefits. The ecosystem service-based pricing could be a solid basis for calculating the insurance to farmers in case of occurrence of natural hazard and associated crop damage.This book is of interest to scholars, teachers, researchers, environmental scientists, watershed managers, capacity builders, and policymakers. The book also serves as effective reading material for undergraduate and graduate students of agriculture economics, ecology, agronomy, and environmental sciences. National and international agricultural scientists, policymakers will also find this to be useful.

This book focuses on the establishment process of the Japanese style of management (JSM). Traditionally, it has been widely believed that the JSM is native to Japan and consists of three pillars: lifetime employment, a seniority-based wage system, and company unions. This book opposes these traditional views on the JSM and argues that it has been shaped by the influence of management theories and ideas of other countries. The JSM has not only adopted the ideas and concepts of other countries, but also has refined, translated, and customized them to make such ideas and concepts acceptable in Japan. The hypothesis presented here is that in the postwar period of rapid growth, the JSM was a hybrid set of management theories and techniques greatly influenced by American ideas about management.This book concentrates on the impact of American management theories and ideas on the JSM. Taking the historical point of view, it clarifies that impact not only for academics but also for business people. The hypothesis propounded here is that some of those theories and ideas have been accepted whereas some of them have been rejected and eventually made irrelevant. The following issues are discussed: scientific management, the human relations school, Barnard's organizational theory, Drucker's management thoughts, strategic management, human resource management, and corporate culture.